DEVELOPMENTS IN COUNTRIES ON THE COUNTERINSURGENCY LIST

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00472A001100030011-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 24, 2003
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: April 7, 1965
• Content Type: IM

7 April 1965
OCI Noe 0558/65
Copy No. s
INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM
DEVELOPMENTS IN COUNTRIES ON THE COUNTERINSURGENCY LIST
Office of Current Intelligence
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DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE
GROUP I
Excluded from automatic
downgrading and
1-5 declassification
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This material contains information affecting
the National Defense of the United States
within the meaning of the espionage laws,
Title 18, USC, Sees. 793 and 794, the trans-
mission or revelation of which in any manner
to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Current Intelligence
7 April 1965
Developments in Countries on the
Counterinsurgency List
1. Congo (Leopoldville)
The government's military position has
brightened considerably in the northeast, and moves
are under way to improve the situation around Lake
Tanganyika.
The operation in the northeast has been
stopped temporarily to permit the government to
consolidate its hold on border towns, but plans
are to advance soon against other rebel strong-
holds. In Watsa, Col. Hoare's troops are being
reinforced and reorganized for their next advance
westward to link up with the forces at Paulis.
Their base of operations now has been moved from
Bunia to Faradje, and they are consolidating their
hold on the major roads and towns. Government
forces in the northeast now are well supplied with
sizable quantitites of captured arms, ammunition,
vehicles, and petroleum, and a recent shipment of
boots has resolved the most pressing logistics
problem. Government elements have patrolled as far
as 10 miles outside of Watsa.
Sizable pockets of rebels remain in the
northeast, but only sporadic attacks have been re-
ported. The largest concentration of rebels re-
mains southwest of Watsa, but as yet there are no
indications of centralized control or of an impend-
ing counterattack. In general, the native population
now is antirebel and welcomes government forces.
OCI No. 0558/65
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The forces at Paulis continue to patrol
the immediate area while preparing to move to key
towns on the roads leading from the Sudanese border
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to rebel concentrations farther west. The Paulis
garrison has extended its control on roads to the
north and east against spotty rebel resistance.
Rebel activity continues high, however,
in the area northeast of Bumba--240 miles downriver
from Stanleyville. Some 4,000 rebels are reportedly
massing at Buta with plans to attack toward the
northwest to secure the strategically located town
of Yakoma.
The security situation continues to im-
prove around Stanleyville and in the vast region
inland from the left bank of the Congo River. Gov-
ernment forces from Stanleyville continue success-
fully to extend their operations down the banks of
the river, and no important attacks have been re-
ported on the city for several weeks. Farther west,
rebels are reportedly surrendering to government
forces engaged in clearing operations along the
Boende-Ikela-Stanleyville road.
In the eastern Congo, the security situa-
tion is improving. Rebel activity south of Bukavu
has diminished, and some missionaries have returned
to their posts in the Bukavu-Uvira valley. Addi-
tional mercenaries and ANC personnel are being sent
to Uvira to reinforce the garrison there. Garrisons
along the major roads southwest of Bukavu are re-
portedly calm following some rebel harassment last
week.
Farther south at Fizi, the rebels recently
increased their military pressures on ANC positions
along the north Katangan border. This rebel-held
area remains impenetrable to the ANC. Albertville
on Lake Tanganyika is being reinforced with additional
mercenaries, and some unreliable ANC troops have
recently been sent home. The Congolese naval patrol
on the lake has also reported good hunting, and has
probably reduced the waterborne arms smuggling into
the Congo. (MAP)
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The military situation remains relatively
quiet, with no major actions reported. Some skirmish-
ing between government and Communist forces occurred
in the region southeast of Thakhek. The Communists
may have been testing government positions follow-
ing the recent troop rebellion in Thakhek.
North of the Plaine des Jarres, Communist
forces are continuing their pressure against rightist
guerrilla and regular forces along Route 6. The gov-
ernment forces, reinforced during the past few months,
appear to be stiffening their resistance.
Meanwhile, the Laotian Air Force T-28 strikes
continue against Communist supply lines and military
installations. There are increasing indications that
these strikes--which have continued unabated since
early last summer--are adversely affecting Communist
morale.
3. Latin America (General)
Communist propaganda in support of North
Vietnam has become more strident throughout Latin
America and, in some countries, may inspire violent
incidents, such as attacks on US embassies and other
installations.
Lately, a marked change in the policy of the
Guatemalan Communist Party has been noted. It appears
to have dropped its peaceful revolutionary efforts and
is cooperating with the Cuban-supported guerrillas led
hy Maron Antonio Yon o a.
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Similarly, the Venezuelan Communist Party is try-
ing to entice some leftist--extremist groups into a National
Liberation Front to serve as a political umbrella for the
-
Cuban-backed Armed Forces of National Liberation (FALN).
Uruguayan-based Leonel Br zo a, the ex remist
brother-in-law of former Brazilian President Goulart, is also
reported to be setting up a guerrilla warfare coordinating
committee in Montevideo to facilitate the flow of trainees
and-money to and from Cuba.
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The army reportedly has succeeded in its campaign
to seize control of the Communist-dominated region of El
Pato, about midway between Neiva and Villavicenio on the
Huila-Meta border (see map). Beginning on 25 March, the
army made two penetrations of the area, using paratroops
and helicopter-borne reinforcements. Army spokesmen claim
to have captured more than 100 prisoners and to have in-
flicted an undisclosed number of casualties on the Commu-
nist-bandit defenders of the region. The objectives of the
operation, as stated by an armed forces communique, are to
break the Communists' hold on El Pato and to return to their
homes more than 200 families which had been driven out by
bandits.
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Communist involvement with bandits in El
Pato was further confirmed by the discovery by the
police of thousands of propaganda leaflets in several
major cities. The army also confiscated similar
propaganda in El Pato. Some of the propaganda con-
sisted of reprints of a broadcast from Moscow praising
the "guerrilla war in Colombia" and reproducing some
of the statements made in Moscow during Colombian
Solidarity Week last January.
The most important antisocial activity con-
tinued to be kidnaping. Several suspected kidnapers
were arrested in Caldas, Antioquia, and Santander,
including one employee of the security police (DAS)
in Medellin. The latter appears to have been making
visas for kidnapers so they could leave the country.
The most prominent victim, former cabinet minister
Harold Eder, kidnaped 20 March, has not been returned
despite the army's extensive campaign to capture his
abductors.
Kidnaping has become popular among urban
criminals, possibly because of the publicity given
it in rural areas. Many citizens of Bogota and other
cities have reported kidnap threats to local police,
and some have reported kidnap attempts. Some kid-
napings have occurred though many fewer than
threatened.
The Executive Committee of the dominant
hard-line wing of the Ecuadorean Communist Party has
reorganized the work of the wing. The Ecuadoreans
are increasingly suspicious of Cuba as a pro-Soviet
revisionist stronghold.. Persons trained primarily
in Communist China have now been placed in charge
of continued guerrilla warfare preparations and
secret work among Indians. These activists receive
salaries of $60 per month plus some expense money--
remuneration equivalent to that of an average
Ecuadorean school teacher.
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A series of bombings took place in Guatemala
City during the 31 March celebration of the anniversary
of the military coup. The Communists and Castro-
supported guerrillas reportedly chose that date to
prove they were capable of active opposition in spite
of the state of siege.
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Except for a few demonstrations in Caracas
on 1 April, the Venezuelan situation was more noisy
than active during the past week. The army continued
to chase elusive guerrillas through the western
mountains, and as usual, every claim of victory by
the army was subsequently denied by the guerrillas.
Public opinion, difficult to measure in Venezuela,
seemed to regard the current guerrilla activity as
little more than propaganda dramatizing the obduracy
of the opposition. The defamation of the govern-
ment by the Capriles newspaper chain, at times
bordering on sedition, continued during the week.
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