KIRISHI PETROLEUM REFINERY KIRISHI, USSR

Document Type: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
T
Document Page Count: 
15
Document Creation Date: 
December 28, 2016
Document Release Date: 
June 18, 2008
Sequence Number: 
9
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
October 1, 1968
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2.pdf810.72 KB
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Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Top Secret DIRECTORATE OF INTELLIGENCE Industrial Facilities (Non-Military) Basic Imagery Interpretation Report Kirishi Petroleum Refinery Kirishi, USSR Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 COPY NO. IPUB. DATE I LOCATION 1 DATE RECEIVED LOCATION Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 DISPOSITION DATE(S) STOCK LEVEL MINIMUM MAXIMUM CUT TO COPIES 0 DATE 75 _ CUT TO COPIES DATE COPIES DESTROYED CUT TO COPIES DATE CUT TO COPIES DATE CUT TO COPIES DATE MASTER DATE DATE NUMBER OF COPIES DATE NUMBER OF COPIES MO. DAY YR. RECEIVED OR ISSUED REC D ISS~D BAL NO. DAY YR. RECEIVED OR ISSUED RECD ISS'D BAL 11 22 68 Dist. Unit #101-110 10 10 ` or-/rv io d io 9~z37 25X1 m Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 DATE I MIIMRrP nr rnalrc I n.Tr I REC NUMBER OF COPIES M0. DAY YR. Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 -- -- -- RECD ISSO BAL r`_i I ^-Ca I /.- Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF IMAGERY ANALYSIS SERVICE RCS - 13/0013/69 Kirishi Petroleum Refinery UTM COORDINATES 36VWL456942 GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES 59-28-47N 032-03-30E WAC-P I C N0. 25X1 0153-138 MAP REFERENCE 8th RTS. USATC 200, Sheet 0153-SAL, 2nd edition, Oct 59, Scale 1:200,000 (SECRET) Not Required The Kirishi Petroleum Refinery is one of the newer refineries being built in the Soviet Union utilizing the latest standardized design which was reportedly accepted for use in 1959. This refinery has been under construction since late 1961 or early 1962 and appeared to be at least partially in production in 1967. The primary distillation facilities now in place indicate that the refinery will have an approximate annual crude oil charge capacity of. six million metric tons. The number and diversity of processing units presently in place or under construction indicate that the plant will have the capability of producing a full line of fuels,.l'ubes, waxes, and asphaltic materials. -1- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF -2- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF IMAGERY ANALYSIS SERVICE INTRODUCTION The Kirishi Petroleum Refinery is located on the east bank of the Volkhov River approximately 2 nautical miles northeast of the center of the Kirishi town complex. Upon completion, the fenced refinery area will measure approximately 3,100 by 5,400 feet and will include about 380 acres. The Kirishi refinery was constructed to process crude oil from the Volga-Ural Region, Tatar ASSR, which now accounts for a large percentage of the Soviet Union's crude oil production. A large-diameter pipeline from the Volga-Ural Region to Leningrad via Kirishi will probably be used to transport the crude oil into the refinery.l,2/ Relatively high sulfur and salt content of much of the Volga-Ural crude oil could present special design and maintenance problems at this refinery and could explain the construction of some of the secondary or auxiliary refinery units seen at Kirishi.l/ Rail service into the refinery is provided by a spur from the main line between Leningrad and Vesyegonsk via Kirishi. The small scale of the available photography precluded any rail traffic counts in the refinery. BASIC DESCRIPTION Status and Activity A generalized description of the construction history of the refinery and associated facilities will be given. Mention of specific items will be made to point out salient points in the development of the complex. June 1962 -- All areas in the complex had been surveyed and cleared. Small construction sites were randomly scattered throughout the cleared areas. Railroad right-of-ways were cleared into the refinery area, but due to the small scale of photography it could not be determined if tracks had been laid. The major portion of the workers' housing was completed. June 1963 -- Construction continued throughout the complex at a moderate rate with the most noticeable progress being made in the concrete batch plant. Construction of the main primary distillation columns and the products storage tank farm had been started. The water treatment plant and additional rail spurs were under construction. October 1964 -- Construction activity was greatly increased in the refinery area. The primary distillation columns were complete, and the associated equipment such as furnaces, heat exchangers, cooling towers, and compressor facilities were in various stages of construction. Work was in an early stage on the crude oil storage tanks, interior roads, pipelines and steamlines. The concrete batch plant was essentially complete. Earth moving work had just been started on the large water storage reservoirs located a short distance northeast of the refinery area. -3- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 25X1 ^ 25X1 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 W r 5tc.Kt I Kurr March 1965 -- The primary distillation facilities were complete. Con- struction on the secondary refinery units was started. Interior service road, pipelines and steamlines were in late stages of construction. The thermal power plant was nearing completion. August 1966 - A rail spur with loading racks and several unidentified units for secondary refinery processing had been completed. The refinery appeared to be at least partially operational, but none of the usual indicators of actual production were noted. The thermal power plant also appeared complete, but not in operation. January 1967 -- Photo coverage of this period offers the first definite indicators of production activity in the complex. Atmospheric emissions were noted coming from the thermal power plant and from the cooling towers at the primary distillation unit. Also, the flare tower in the refinery was burning. Construction on the various secondary and auxiliary refining elements was continuing at a high rate. June 1967 -- At least three of the secondary processing areas appeared completed or in late stages of construction. Construction on additional refinery units continued at an apparently accelerated rate. Operational Functions Based on photography, the Kirishi Refinery appears to follow the previously observed Soviet practice of placing refineries in partial pro- duction as the various components are completed. As previously mentioned, the first definite indicators of production activity were observed on photography of January 1967. At that time, and even later in June 1967, the only units that appeared operational were the primary distillation units. Therefore, it appears probable that the only significant products from. the refinery through June 1967 were fuel oils and lower grade gasolines. The number and variety of secondary refinery units which are presently completed or under construction, though not definitely identifiable, .indicate that future products from this refinery will include a wide range of fuels and gasolines, liquefied gas products, and possibly lubes, waxes and asphaltic materials. No petrochemical facilities could be identified within the refinery complex or in the surrounding area on the available photography. Physical Features The following table lists the functional areas and facilities within the refinery and the associated plants. Precise identification of the specialized refinery equipment was not possible because of the small scale and poor quality of the imagery covering the complex. The tentative iden- tifications of equipment are based on the overall aspects of the refinery, the relative positions of the units, and published listings of the standar- dized units to be found in the newer-type, six million ton Soviet refinery. I/ -4- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF IMAGERY ANALYSIS SERVICE TABLE I Equipment and Facilities at the Kirishi Refinery Complex (Items are Keyed to Figure 3) Area Description Equipment A Transfer Facilities Rail spur with 2 probable loading racks I support building I possible large semiburied storage tank (not measured) B Unidentified I probable processing unit Processing Area U/C I possible small processing unit/ storage tank 2 buildings 2 semiburied storage tanks diam. 50 ft (15m) C Crude Oil and I support building Products Storage 20 storage tanks diam. 100 ft (30m) Area 2 storage tanks diam. 30 ft (9m) I possible semiburied storage tank diam. 70 ft (21m) D Possible Gas 10 pieces U/I equipment and process Products Area buildings 6 support buildings 2 large semiburied storage tanks (not measured) 2 storage tanks diam. 40 ft (12m) 5 horizontal blimp-type tanks length 50 ft (15m) I gasholder diam. 80 ft (24m) I flare tower E Products Storage 14 storage tanks diam. 40 ft (12m) Area 24 storage tanks diam. 20 ft (6m) 9 horizontal blimp-type tanks length 40 ft (12m) 2 support buildings -5- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Area Description TOP SECRET RUFF IMAGERY ANALYSIS SERVICE Equipment F Unidentified Area U/C 7 buildings 4 buildings under construction G Secondary Processing I U/I refining unit Area 2 possible pipe furnaces 4 process and support buildings 4 possibly semiburied storage tanks diam. 60 ft (18m) H Secondary Processing 3 pieces U/I process equipment Area 2 buildings 3 process/storage tanks diam. 30 ft (9m) I Secondary Processing 2 pieces U/I process equipment Area (columns/reactors) I possible large pipe furnace 3 process and support buildings 2 storage tanks diam. 30 ft (9m) J Secondary Processing Area 2 U/I processing units (columns/ reactors) 2 large pipe furnaces 3 buildings 2 process tanks diam. 25 ft (7.5m) K Possible Lube Oil 3 possible pieces of processing Area U/C equipment I process building with 8 associated or attached pieces of equipment/ columns/absorbers 2 possible buildings/process units 7 support buildings 19 storage tanks diam. 20 ft (6m) 3 horizontal blimp-type tanks length 40 ft (12m) L Primary Distillation Multistage distillation unit with 3 Area columns/groups of columns (vacuum, atmospheric and topping stills), 2 banks of heat exchangers and accumulators, 2 pipe furnaces, 2 possible pipe furnaces, compressor building, control house, -6- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF Description Primary Distillation Area - continued Light Fabrication/ Engineering Area Administration and Support Area Construction Material Storage Area Equipment and I processing building with 7 horizontal drums/items of equip- ment 6 support buildings 3 banks of cooling towers 2 cylindrical tanks diam. 60 ft (18m) 4 cylindrical tanks diam. 20 ft (6m) 3 cooling coil'racks/spray ponds 3 buildings 9 buildings I small storage tank 3 storage buildings I support building Materials in open storage I boilerhouse and generator hall 26 miscellaneous buildings 5 small fuel storage tanks I water tower 39 buildings 18 filter and treatment basins 3 small buildings 4 small chemical storage tanks 74 housing and support buildings (also II support buildings adja- cent to the housing area and near the refinery fence) Housing Area *Note: All dimensions are given in both feet and meters, and are only approximate. Measurements were made in meters and rounded off to the nearest five feet. -7- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 TOP SECRET RUFF 25X1 LOA"I -8- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 - --TOP SECRET- RUFF- LEGEND ? REFINERY EQUIPMENT IM PROCESSING BUILDINGS/FACILITIES UWNGHEAT EXCHANGERS, COOLING COILS OR ACCUMULATORS COOLING TOWERS BUILDING -,,,STRUCTURES UNDER CONSTRUCTION STORAGE TANKS SEMIBURIEDTANKS HORIZONTAL TANKS ? FILTER AND TREATMENT BASINS ....................................................................... AREA A ........... ................................. AREA C ............... AREAD = O a : 00 00 0000 0000 ................. O X00 00 + o 0000 0000 m a o 0 FLARE O 00 000 00 nu ?c ?..= 0 00 000 wu 00 AREA E .................AREA F...................................... AREA G AREA K HVj zi KEY TO ANNOTATION AREA DESCRIPTION TRANSFER FACILITIES U/I PROCESSING AREA U/C CRUDE OIL AND PRODUCTS STORAGE POSSIBLE GAS PRODUCTS PRODUCTS STORAGE U/I AREA U/C SECONDARY PROCESSING SECONDARY PROCESSING SECONDARY PROCESSING SECONDARY PROCESSING POSSIBLE LUBE OIL AREA U/C PRIMARY DISTILLATION LIGHT FABRICATION ENGI- NEERING ADMINISTRATION CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL STORAGE :AREA J ? r' O .~?~ .............AREAL..... 00 00 0 0 1,4 ER TREATMENT FACILITY if D 0 ? HOUSING AREA E0 mono 010, ?? AREA M. .. - AREli.N........ .0.. . E2 13 , ?m ? [lU o AREA O n _ ~.....rt .............~ .............. ::::::: . THERMAL POWER PLANT CONCH ................................................ cj~ -9- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 25X1 IUr SECRET RUFF Maps 8th RTS. US Air Target Chart 200, Sheet 0153-5AL, 2nd edition, Oct 59, Scale 1:200,000 (SECRET) 1. Ebel, Robert E. The Petroleum Industry of the Soviet Union, American Petroleum Institute, 1961 (.UNCLASSIFIED) 2. Gardner, Frank J. "New Areas Spur Soviet Oil Gains", The Oil and Gas Journal, 15 January 1968, pp. 64-66 (UNCLASSIFIED) Requirement EXSUBCOM - BR-N/001-69 -10- TOP SECRET RUFF Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2 Top Secret Top Secret Approved For Release 2008/06/18: CIA-RDP79T00909A000500010009-2