POPULATION AND MANPOWER OF INDOCHINA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00935A000200360001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
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• Document Page Count: 21
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 8, 1998
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 1, 1954
• Content Type: IM

A
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451499
INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM
POPULATION AND MANPOWER OF INDOCHINA
CIA/RR IM-389
1 September 1954
WARNING
THIS MATERIAL CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE
NATIONAL DEFENSE OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE
MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE LAWS, TITLE 18, USC, SECS.
793 AND 79)+, THE TRANSMISSION OR REVELATION OF
WHICH IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
PROHIBITED BY LAW.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Office of Research and Reports
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CONTENTS
Page
I.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
II.
Population and Labor Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
III.
Deficiencies in the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4
Appendix
Sources . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Tables
1.
Estimated Population of Indochina, 1943 and 1954 . . . . .
5
2.
Estimated Population of North Vietnam, by Province,
195-. ..........................
5
3.
Estimated Population of South Vietnam, by Province,
195+ ..........................
8
4.
Estimated Population of Central Vietnam, by Province,
1954 ...........................
10
5.
Estimated Population of Cambodia, by Province, 1950. . . .
11
6.
Estimated Population of Laos, by Province, 1951. . . . . .
12
7.
Estimated Population of Plateaus and Mountains of South
Indochina, by Province, 1954 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8.
Estimated Population of Principal Cities in the Associated
States of Indochina, 1943 and 1952. . . .
. . . . . . . .
13
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Page
9. Number of Vocational Training Schools in Indochina
and Number of Students in Attendance Academic Year,
1 947 -48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Map
Following Page
Indochina: Administrative Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
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C IA/RR IM-389
(ORR Project 45.333)
S-E-C-R E-T
POPULATION AND MANPOWER OF INDOCHINA*
I. Introduction.
Indochina is settled most heavily along the coast and in the
river valleys. These valleys are isolated from one another by
mountain ranges. Much of the large expanse of the country is sparsely
settled. In 1949, only about 14 percent of 'the land in Vietnam was
cultivated. As a result, the density per square mile of cultivated
land in sections of the Red River delta and Central Vietnam was
over 1,700, about as high as that of any nonurban area in the world.
On the other hand, Cambodia had only 47 people per square mile
(total) and Laos, only 14.
The overpopulation of North and Central Vietnam, where land re-
sources are crowded, and the relative underpopulation of Laos and
Cambodia have made for underemployment in North Indochina and short-
age of labor in South Indochina, where European projects have been
most numerous. French capital investment has been for the most
part concentrated on the production of agricultural and mineral raw
materials. The typical colonial economy of production of low-priced
raw materials and consumption of higher priced consumer goods
developed.
After the depression of the 1930'x, some recognition was given by
France to the need for increasing purchasing power by industriali-
zation. The 1938 program for economic development, however, excluded
any provision for local development of the manufacture of metals,
machinery, textiles, and chemicals and concentrated on light consumer
industries, especially the development of handicrafts. A second plan
adopted in 1947 provided for limited small-scale development of
industry and for public works, but the spread of hostilities prevented
its implementation.
The Indochinese are a heterogeneous people with little concept of
unified nationality. The Annamites, long under the influence of the
Chinese, are the most culturally advanced. There are also numerous
* The estimates and conclusions contained in this memorandum represent
the best judgment of the responsible analyst as of 21 July 1954.
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groups which retain their primitive culture. This heterogeneity has
been perpetuated by the natural barriers isolating the various regions
and by the French policy Df dealing with individual republics rather
than with the country as a whole.
The divisions between factions have been intensified by events of
the past decade. In March 1945, when the Japanese replaced the French,
Bao Dai became emperor of Annam and Ho Chi Minh organized the Republic
of Vietnam in exile in Ch_na. In August 1945 the Japanese were re-
placed by a Viet Minh Revolutionary Committee. During this period the
British occupied the southern portion and the Chinese Nationalists the
northern portion of the country. Early in 1946 the French regained
some of their influence by taking over the British areas and by
arranging to replace the Chinese Nationalists in the north. A con
vention with Ho Chi Minh recognized the republic of Vietnam as a free
member of the French Union. The outbreak of the present hostilities
began late in 1946, when the French bombarded Haiphon because of the
activities of Viet Minh smugglers and when cease-fire negotiations
proposed by Ho broke down.
II. Population and Labor Force.
The total population of Indochina in 1954 is estimated at 30.5
million, with 25.0 million people estimated to be in Vietnam. This
estimate, as shown in Table l,* and other population estimates in
this memorandum are subject to a probability of at least 10 percent
error (see the footnotes to Table 1). It is estimated that in
Vietnam 14.0 million people are living north of the 17th Parallel
in what is now under Communist control, and 11.0 million south?
Tables 2 through 7** give local provincial estimates permitting any
grouping desired.
Age and sex distributions are not available from published
statistics, but other Asian countries with similarly high birth and
death rates have about 40 percent of their population below 15 years
of age, about 3 percent over 60, and about 57 percent between 15 and
59. There are probably 7 million males of military age (15-59). 1/***
Probably 4 million of these males are in territory under Viet Minh
control and 3 million under Vietnam ,control.
Table 1 follows on p. 5.
Tables 2 through 7 follow on pp. 5 through 12, respectively.
Footnote references in arabic numerals are to sources listen in
the Appendix.
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If the ethnic groups are divided as they were in 1943, about half
of the 20 million Annamites live on each side of the 17th Parallel.
Most of the 3.2 million Cambodians live in the south, as do most of
the 1.4 million Thai and Laotians. There are about 300,000 primitive
tribesmen in the north, and about 1 million such primitives in the
south. The 66,000 French are mostly in the south. 2/
By far the largest alien group is the 600,000 Chinese, 500,000
of whom live in the south. The majority are second- and third-
generation Chinese who were born in Indochina but who have retained
their Chinese culture and community organization. 3/ As usual in
Asian countries, these alien Chinese exert an influence on the trade
and finance of the country greatly disproportionate to their numbers.
The urban population of Indochina, as shown in Table 8,* is
divided so that about 2 million people live south of the 17th Parallel
and 760,000 live to the north. The cities have grown rapidly because
of the unsettled conditions in the outlying areas. About 1.6 million
of this urban population are in the Saigon-Cholon community.
On the basis of the small urban population it would appear that
from 85 percent to 90 percent of the people are dependent on agri-
culture, and it is probable that less than 750,000 have even the
most tenuous connection with nonagricultural employment at any time
during the year. Recent census enumerations of Burmese cities in
which conditions are believed to be roughly comparable 4/ indicate
that all but a handful of the nonagricultural employees work inter-
mittently at household handicrafts and small mercantile ventures,
earning the equivalent of from US $30 to US $50 per year.
In prewar Indochina there were a few thousand people employed in
transportation, mining, and cement and textile manufacture. At
present, most of the mining and transport facilities are shut down
or operate only sporadically. An attempt to allocate employees by
region would therefore be of little significance.
The meager facilities for training skilled workers are shown in
Table 9.** In 1948, only 1,300 students were enrolled in vocational
and apprentice courses, and about 1,000 of these were in schools
south of the 17th Parallel. The present condition of these schools
is unknown.
Table 8 follows on p. 13.
** Table 9 follows on p. 14.
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III. Deficiencies in the Data.
The data in this report are probably subject to frequent and
large errors. The estimates of the populations of North, Central,
and South Vietnam for 1954 are based on official Vietnamese sources,
reporting for 1952. The estimates of the provincial populations
have the dubious virtue of being based on the 1943 distributions in
the various regions. It seems likely that all estimates for the
provincial populations, including those in this report as well as
those for 1943 and for 1952 by official sources, are highly un-
reliable. They would seem subject to errors in the counting of
people introduced (1) through the interest of local populations in
avoiding the military draft and in avoiding payment of high taxes,
and (2) through the erratic guesses of local officials in reporting,
on the basis of inexpensive and rapid examination of their records,
to central headquarters in Saigon. The virtues of the 1943 estimates
are that provincial estimates are complete for all provinces (whereas
those for 1952 in official sources were incomplete) and that the
errors may possibly not have been quite as extreme in 1943 as in 1952.
The discussions of specific errors and the presentation of methods
used in deriving the data are placed in the footnotes to appropriate
tables.
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Estimated Population of Indochina
1943 5/ and 1954 6/
States Under Communist Control
1943
1951+
North Vietnam
9,851,000
10
600
000
Central Vietnam
3,113,000
,
,
3,500,000
12, 961+,000
14,100,0oo
States Under French Control
Central Vietnam
3,639,000
1+
100
000
South Vietnam
5,578,000
,
,
6
300
000
Plateaus and Mountains of
Southern Indochina
1+32,000
,
,
500
000
Laos
1,000,000
,
1
300
000
Cambodia
3,000,000
,
,
1+,200,000
13,61.1.9,000
16,1+oo, ooo
Total Population
of Indochina
26,613,000 30,500,000
Estimated Population of North Vietnam, by Province 7/
1951+ a/*
Map Key Number b/
1
14
95
5
Bac Kan
72
000
16
Bac Ninh c/
,
316
000 c/
2
Cao Bang
,
239
000
19
Gia Lam c/
,
21+6
000
23
Ha Dong
,
998,000
* Footnotes for Table 2 follow on p. 7-
- 5 -
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Estimated Population of North Vietnam, by Province. 7/
1954 a/
(Continued)
Key Number b/
Ma
1954
p
1
Ha Giang
113,000
26
Ha Nam
617,000
20
Hai Duong d/
474,000
15
Hai Ninh
113,000
22
Hoa Binh
87,000
24
Hung Yen
552,000
21
Kien An
444,00o
7
Lai Chau
70,000
6
Lang; Son
220,000
3
Lao Kay
72,000
29
Nam Dinh
1,277,000
28
Nine. Dinh
420,000
14
Phu Lang Thuong
323,000
11
Phu Tho
364,000
13
Phuc: Yen
209,000
17
Quarig Yen
195,000
10
Son La
123,000
18
Son Tay
218,000
27
That Binh
1,180,000
9
That Ngyuen
159,000
4
Tuyen Quang
87,000
25
Vinh Ninh d/
399,000
d/
12
Vinh Yen
307,000
8
Yen Bay
111,000
Haiphong (city)
17-5, 000 a/
Hanoi (city)
274,000 a/
Hoanlong (city) e/
146,000 a/
Total Estimated Population
of North Vietnam
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10,600,000
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Estimated Population of North Vietnam, by Province J
1954
(C ontinued)
a. Provincial population is calculated on the assumption that the
population of North Vietnam increased at a slower rate, 1943 to 1954,
than the populations of Central and South Vietnam. The rate of
increase accepted for North Vietnam is 7.6 percent, while Central and
South Vietnam are assumed to have increased at 12.5 percent for the
same period. The rate of increase for the total population of Vietnam
is estimated at about 11 percent for the period 1943-54, or an average
of one percent per year. ? The 1954 estimates of urban population
are based on the official 1952 estimates for Hanoi, Haiphong, and
Hoanlong. The provincial populations (excluding cities) for 1954 were
therefore calculated on the basis of a 7.6 percent increase of the
provincial population as distributed in 1943-
b. Map key numbers refer to map, Indochina: Administrative Divisions,
following p. 17.
c. The 1943 Bac Ninh Province had by 1952 been split into two new
provinces: Bac Ninh and Gia Lam. The population of the new Bac Ninh
Province was given in official Vietnam 1952 reports as 288,000 and that
of Gia Lam as 224,000. 9/ The total reported by official Vietnam
sources, for the old area was therefore 512,000 in 1952. Since the
estimate of this report is 562,000 for 1954, the population of the 2
new provinces was calculated by applying the percentage distribution
which was calculated from the figures in the official reports.
d. Hai Duong Province by 1951 had been separated into 2 new provinces:
Hai Duong and Vinh Ninh (map key No. 25). The population of Hai Duong
was officially reported to be 450,000 in 1951, and that for Vinh Ninh
to be 379,000. The official Vietnam total for the old Hai Duong area
would be 829,000. Since the estimate of this report for 1954 is 873,000
for the old area, the populations of the 2 new provinces was calculated
by applying the percentage distribution which was calculated from the
figures in the official reports.
e. Suburb of Hanoi.
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Table 3
Estimated Population of South Vietnam, by Province 10/
1954
Map Key Number a/
Province b/
1954
67
Bac Lieu
293,000
53
Baria
61,000
62
Ben Tre
321,000
47
Bien Iioa
187,000
64
Can Tho
408,000
60
Cap-Saint-Jacques
8,000
55
Chau Doc
253,000
52
Cho Lon
259,000
49
Gia Dinh
336,000
59
Go Cong
110,000
54
Ha Tien
27,000
56
Long Xuyen
259,000
58
My Tho
398,000
63
Rach Gia
353,000
57
Sadec
241,000
66
Soc Trang
226,000
51
Tan An
147,000
45
Tay Ninh
213,000
46
Thu Dau Mot
136,000
65
Tra Vinh
265,000
61
Vinh Long
199,000
Poulo-C ondor (city)
Saigon-Chalon (city)
465
1,6oo,ooo
Total Estimated Population
of South Vietnam 6,300,465
a. Map key numbers refer to map following p. 17.
b. The distribution of the 1954 population in the rural provinces
(not including, that in the Saigon-Cholon and Paulo-Condo cities) was
derived on the basis of the distribution of the 1943 population,
excluding the population of cities. By excluding this segment of the
population, 1954 population estimates for the rural provinces were
obtained which are about; 7.4 percent below the corresponding 1943
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Table 3
Estimated Population of South-Vietnam, by Province 10
1954
(Continued)
estimates. This follows from the fact that, while the total population
of South Vietnam increased by apparently only 12.5 percent from 1943 to
1954, the population of the Saigon-Cholon urban area, in tripling,
expanded from only about 9 percent of the total population of South
Vietnam in 1943 to about 25 percent in 1954. Undoubtedly internal dis-
order may have created falling rates of increase in the rural provinces.
It is difficult, however, to argue that this disorder was worse than in
North and Central Vietnam. Furthermore the 1951+ population of Saigon
now includes about 500,000 Chinese, many of whom arrived as refugees
during .and following World war II. 11/ Finally opportunities: for
industrial employment have increased but little since 1943
Since South Vietnam is the rich rice bowl of Vietnam, it seems
possible that the true population of South Vietnam may actually be as
much as a million larger than the total given in this report. This
possibility would involve an estimate of an increase of 12.5 percent in
the population of the rural provinces of South Vietnam and a total
increase'for South Vietnam of about 30 percent. This increase would
represent a continuation of the trend reported from 1936 to 1943 for
South Vietnam. 12/
-9-
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Table 4
Estimated Population of Central Vietnam, by Province 13/
1954
a/
Province
1954
Map Key Number
_
]North of the 17th Parallel
30
Thanh Hoa
1,268,200
31
Vinh
1,291,500
32
Ha Tinh
655,200
33
Quang Binh
287,100
North of the 17th Parallel 3,502,500
South of the 17th Parallel
34
Quang Tri
216,500
35
Thua Thien
457,900
36
Quang Nam
1,126,900
38
Quang Ngai
618,700
1+0
Qui Nhon
877,900
41
Song
Cau
318,300
43
,
Khanh Hoa
165,000
48
Ninh Thuan
91,400
50
Binh Thuan
164,100
Tourane (city)
57,300
Total Estimated Population
Total Estimated Population
South of the 17th Parallel 4,094,000
a. Map key numbers refer to map following p. 17.
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Estimated Population of Cambodia, by Province 14/
1950
Map Key Number a/
Province
1950
1
Battambang
371,000
12
Kampot
252,968
10
Kandal
527,993
8
Kompong Cham
570,711
7
Kompong Chhnang
196,000
9
Kompong Speu
176,469
3
Kompong Thom
211,500
5
Kratie
79,439
11
Prey Veng
361,029
6
Pursat
129,653
2
Siem Reap
215,060
14
Svay Rieng
207,050
4
Stung Treng
47,000
13
Takeo
364,295
Phnom-Penh (city)
363,800
Total Estimated Population
of Cambodia 4,073,967
a. Map key numbers refer to map following p. 17.
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Table 6
Estimated Population of Laos, by Province 15/
1951
Map Key Number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Province 1951
Phong Saly
Haut Mekong
Luang Prabang
Houa Phan
Sauaboury
Xieng Khouang
Vientriane
C ammon
Savannakhet
Saravane
Champassak
Total Estimated
of Laos
Population
a. Map key numbers refer to map following p. 17.
Table 7
46,200
50,300
173,400
63,300
71,400
82,300
153,600
108,500
203,700
163,700
193,000
1, 309400
Estimated Population of Plateaus and Mountains
of South Indochina, by Province 16/
1954
Map Key Number a
Province
1954
42
Darlac
95,000
44
Haut Donnai
68,000
128,000
37
Kontum
00
49
Pleiku
173,0
000
22
Dalat (city)
,
Total Estimated Population
of Plateaus and Mountains
of South Indochina
a. Map key numbers refer to map following p?
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48. 6,000
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Estimated Population of Principal Cities
in the Associated States of Indochina
19+3 and 1952 17/
State and City 1943
Cambodia
Phnom-Penh a/ 124,000
1952
350,000
Laos
Vientiane
Vietnam
110,000 b/
15,000 c/
Saigon-Cholon a/
1+98,000
1,6oo,ooo
Saigon a/
N.A. d/
900,000
Cholon a/
N.A.
700,000
Dalat a/
5,200
21
500
Haiphong
65, 4oo
,
175
000
Hanoi
119,700
,
274
000
Hoanlong e/
N.A.
,
146
000
Tourane
50,900
,
45
000
Hue
1+0,000 f/
,
110,000
a.
South of
the
17th Parallel.
b.
Estimate
for
1948.
c.
Estimate
for
1951.
d.
Not available..
e.
Suburb of Hanoi.
f.
Estimate for 1936.
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6. State, Foreign Service Despatch No. 2173, US Embassy, Saigon,
1 May 1954. S. Eval. RR 2.
State, Outgoing Telegram No. 10533, 29 Jul 1954. C. Eval. RR 2.
Vietnam: Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques
du Vietnam, Annuaire Statistique du Vietnam 1949-50, Vol. I,
Saigon, 1951. U. Eval. RR 3.
Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques du Vietnam,
Annuaire Statistique du Vietnam, 1950-51, Vol. 2, Saigon, 1952.
Eval. RR 3.
Cambodia: Royaume du C ambodge, Bulletin Statistique Mensuel
du Cambodge, Feb 1951. U. Eval. RR 3.
Laos: Annuaire Statistique du Laos, 1950-51, Vol. 2f Saigon,
1952. U. Eval. RR 3-
7- Vietnam: Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques,
A
25X1A2g
ri1111Uia.LL-C 0UUUj.stiique ae vietnam, 1950-51, Vol. 2, Saigon,
1952. U. Eval. RR 3.
13. Ibid.
14. Royaume du C ambodge, Bulletin Economi ue et Statists ue du
Cambodge, Feb 1951. U. Eval. RR 3-
15. Annuaire Statistique du Laos, 1950-51, Vol. 2, Saigon, 1952.
U. EEval. RR 2.
16. Vietnam: Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques
du Vietnam, Annuaire Statistique de Vietnam, 1949-50, Vol. 1,
Saigon, 1951. U. Eval. RR 3.
17. Cambodia: R oyaume du Cambodge, Ministere de L'Industrie et
du Commerce, Direction de la Statistique du Cambodge,
Bulletin F no i n et at1 stiaue Au Combo e, Phnom-Penh.
U. Eval. RR 3.
Laos: Report from Laos to US Department of Commerce. See
also United Nations, Demographic Yearbook, 1952. Eval. RR 3.
Vietnam: Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques,
Economiques, Annuaire Statistique du Vietnam, 1949-50, Vol. 1,
Saigon, 1951. U. Eval. RR 3.
S-E-C-R-E-T
nnuaire Statistique du Vietnam, 1950-51, Vol. 2, Saigon, 1952.
U. Eval. RR, 3 .
State, Foreign Service Despatch No. 2173, US Embassy, Saigon,
1 May 1954. S. Eval. RR 2.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid.
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S-E-C-R E-T
Vietnam: Institut de la Statistique et des Etudes Econo?niques,
Annuaire Statistique de Vietnam, 1950-51, Vol. 2, Saigon, 1952.
U. Eval. RR 2.
18. Annuaire Statistique de 1'Indochine, 3947-1+8. U. Eval. RR 3.
S-E-C-R-E-T
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ALPHABETICAL NUMERICAL
Administrative Unit Administrative Center Administrative Unit Administrative Center
CAMBODIA
1 Battambang ............. Battambang
12 Kampot ................ Kampot
10 Kandal .... Kandal
8 Kompong Cham _......Kompong Cham
7 Kompong Chhnang.. Kompong Chhnang
9 Kompong Speu Kompong Speu
3 Kompong Thom ........ Kompong Thom
5 Kratle ...... .. ....... Kratie
11 Prey Veng ...... .......Prey Veng
6 Pursat ....... Pursat
2 Siem Reap ............. Siem Reap
4 Stung Treng ... ...........Stung Treng
14 Svay Rieng ..................Svay Rieng
13 Takeo ...Takeo
LAOS
8 Ca an ................ ..... Thakhek
11 Champassac..... Pakse
2 Haut-Mekong..... Muong Long Nam Tha
4 Ho" Phan ....... Sam Neua
3 Luang Prabang ..........Luang Prabang
1 Phong Saly ............ Phong Saly
10 Saravane ... Saravane
9 Savannakhet ..... ... Savannakhet
5 Sayaboury ... Muong Samaboury
7 Vientiane ............. ......Vientiane
6 Meng Khouang _......Xieng Khouang
VIETNAM
RAC-VIET (NORTH VIETNAM)
5 Bad Kan .......................Bac Kan
16 Bac Ninh .....................Bac Ninh
2 Cao Bang ................... Can Bang
19 Gia Lam ... ...............Gia Lam
23 Ha Dong ........ .. ...... Ha Dong
1 HA Giang .................... Ha Giang
20 Hai Duong ........... ....Hai Duong
15 Hai Ninh ........... ..... Mon Cay
26 Ha Nam ............ ........ Phu Ly
22 Hoe Binh ................ Hoa Binh
24 Hung Yen ................... Hung Yen
21 Kies An ............... .... Men An
7 Lai Chan .....................Lai Chau
8 Lang son ................. Lang Son
3 Lao Kay .. Lao Kay
29 Nam Dinh ................... Nam Dinh
28 Ninh Binh ................. Phat Diem
13 Phuc Yen .................... Phuc Yen
14 Phu Lang Thuong Phu Lang Thuong
11 Phu Tho ....... ..... .........Phu Tho
17 Quang Yen Quang Yen
10 Son La .... _._... Son L.
18 Son Tay .......................Son Tay
27 Thai Binh ............... Thai Binh
9 Thai Nguyen . ............Thai Nguyen
4 Tuyen Quang ........ Tuyen Quang
25 Vinh Ninh Nina Giang
12 Vinh Yen ................... VinhYen
8 Yen Bay- - Yen Bay
NAM-VIET (SOUTH vIErNAM)
67 Bac Lieu ........Bac Lieu
53 Baria ... .. ...Baria
62 Ben Tre ... .... .......... Ben Tre
47 Bien Has. ..... . -..,..Bien Hoa
64 Can Tho ...Can Tho
60 Cap-Saint-Jacques.... Cap-Saint-Jacques
55 Chan Doc ....... ............Chau Doc
52 Cho Lon ... . Cho Lon
49 Gia Dinh ........ Gia Dinh
59 Go Cong ....................... Go Cong
54 Ha Tien .I Ha Tien
56 Long Xuyen _....... ....Long Xuyen
58 My Tho ...... .. .. ...MYTho
83 Rach Gia ..... .. _ Hach Gia
57 Sadec .......................... Sadec
66 Sod Trang .................. Soc Trang
51 Tan An ., ....... Tan A.
45 Tay Nlnh ............... ..Tay Ninh
46 Thu Dau Mot ............Thu Dau Mot
65 Tra Vinh ............ ... Tra Vinh
61 Vinh Long ...................Vinh Long
TRUNG-VIET (CENTRAL V1EINAM)
50 Binh Thuan ......... Phan Thiet
42 Darlac ...................Ban Me Thuot
32 Ha Tinh ....................... Ha Tinh
44 Haut Donnas .... ...... Dalat
43 Khanh Hoa ...... .... Nha Trang
37 Kontum Kontum
48 Ninh Thuan Phan Rang
39 Pleiku .......................Pleiku
33 Quang Binh ................. Dong Hot
38 Quang Nam Faifo
38 Quang Ngai ....Quang Ngai
34 Quang Tri .................. Quang Tri
40 Qui Nhon .. Qui Nhon
41 Song Can ............. Song Can
30 Thanh Hoa ............. _ Thanh Hoa
35 Thua Thien ..... Hue
31 Vinh ........ .............. Vinh
CAMBODIA
1 Battambang Battambang
2 Siem Reap Siem Reap
3 Kompong Thom Kompong Thom
4 Stung Treng Stung Treng
5 Kratie Kratie
6 Pursat Pursat
7 Kompong Chhnang Kompong Chhnang
8 Kompong Cham ... Kompong Cham
9 Kompong Speu .... Kompong Spent
10 Kendal .... Kandal
11 Prey Veng Prey Veng
12 Kampot ....................... Kampot
13 Takeo .............. Takeo
14 Svay Rieng Svay Rieng
LAOS
1 Phong Saly ..... Phong Saly
2 Haut-Mekong ... Muong Long Nam Tha
3 Luang Prabang .. .... Luang Prabang
4 Houa Phan Sam Neua
5 Sayaboury ......... Muong Samaboury
6 Xieng Khouang ........ Meng Kbouang
7 Vientiane ...... . Vientiane
8 Cammon Thakhek
9 Savannakhet ........... Savannakhet
10 Saravane . ....... Saravane
11 Champamac ...... ..........'_ Pakse
VIETNAM
1 Ha Giang ...... Ha Giang
2 Can Bang .. Can Bang
3 Lao Kay .... .... Lao Kay
4 Tuyen Quang Tuyen Quang
5 Bac Kan ....... .. Bac Kan
6 Lang Son Lang Son
7 Lai Chau .. Lai Chau
8 Yen Bay ........... Yen Bay
9 Thai Nguyen .. .... Thai Nguyen
10 Son La ............. ... Son La
11 Phu Tho Phu Tho
12 Vinh Yen .... ......... Vinh Yen
13 Plane Yen............ Phuc Yen
14 Phu Lang Thuong Phu Lang Thuong
15 Hai Ninh .... Mon Cay
16 Bac Ninh .... .. Bac Ninh
17 Quang Yen .... ......... Quang Yen
18 Son Tay ......... Son Tay
19 Gia Lam Gia Lam
20 Hai Duong ... .. Hai Duong
21 Kien An Men An
22 Boa Binh Hoa Binh
23 Ha Dong Ha Dong
24 Hung Yen . . Hung Yen
25 Vinh Ninh Ninh Giang
26 Ha Nam Phu Ly
27 Thai Binh Thai Binh
28 Ninh Binh Phat Diem
29 Nam Dinh Nam Dinh
30 Thanh H'a' Thank Hoa
31 Vinh ........... ......... Vinh
32 Ha Tinh .............. Ha Tinh
33 Quang Binh Dong Hai
34 Quang Trl .. .. Quang Trl
35 Thou Then Hue
38 Quang Nam Patio
37 Kontum ..... ........ Kontum
38 Quang Ngai.... Quang Ngai
39 Pleiku ....... Pleiku
40 Qui Nhon ......... Qui Nhon
41 Song Can ..... Song Can
42 Darlac Ban Me Thant
43 Khanh Hoa ........ ...... Nha Trang
44 Haut Donnas Dalat
45 Tay Ninh Tay Ninh
46 Thu Dan Mot . Thu Dau Mot
47 Bien Hoa ........... . Bien Hoa
48 Ninh Thuan .... ..... Than Rang
49 Gia Dinh Gia Dinh
50 Binh Thuan ...... Phan Thiet
51 Tan An .............. Tan An
52 Cho Lon .......... Cho Lon
53 Baria ..... Baria
54 Ha Tien ............. Ha Tien
55 Chan Doe Chan Doc
56 Long Xuyen ........... Long Xuyen
57 Sadec ... ... Sadec
58 My Tho ............ My Tho
59 Go Cong ................ .. Go Cong
60 Cap-Saint-Jacques.... Cap-Saint-Jacques
61 Vinh Long ................. Vinh Long
62 Ben Tre ......... .... Ben Tre
63 Rach Gia. Rach Gia
64 Can Tho .................. Can Tho
65 Tra Vinh .......... .. ... Tra Vinh
66 Soc Trang Soc Trang
67 Bac Lieu ..... ... ........ Bac Lieu
INDOCHINA
ADMINISTRATIVE
DIVISIONS
-?- Administrative-region
boundary (Vietnam)
^ Administrative-region
capital (Vietnam)
P-ice comes o~ this map do roe nee -rly mr es-
pmd m eho:ez. emmm-ded by eke 8-d - (ii-,
raphic Nom
13363 6-54
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