CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00975A005800250001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 26, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 12, 1961
• Content Type: REPORT

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12 July 1961
Copy No. C170
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CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
-TOP-SECRET_
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12 July 1961
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
CONTENTS
1. Laos. (Page i)
2. Nationalist China planning paramilitary operations
against mainland. (Page i)
3. Communist China - North Korea: Mutual defense
pact signed one week after similar pact between
USSR and North Korea. (Page ii)
4. Sudan: Military regime arrests 12 opposition leaders.
(Page it)
5. Congo: Leopoldville-Stanleyville negotiations continue;
Belgian press reports on new "national unity" govern-
ment unconfirmed. (Page it)
6. Portugal: Lisbon unlikely to grant UN subcommittee
request on visiting Angola. (Page tit)
7. Turkey: Referendum approving constitution reveals
continuing opposition of substantial minority to regime.
(Page tit)
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12 July 61 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Map Page
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
12 July 1961
DAILY BRIEF
Laos: In reply to Vientiane's proposal that coalition talks
be held in Luang Prabang, Pathet Lao leader Souphannouvong
has suggested that the three princes resume talks in Namone.
The government may, in turn, propose Phnom Penh as the
site. Phourni meanwhile is continuing his efforts to maintain
some influence in the formation of a new government and out-
lined his position to the National Assembly on 11 July. [How-
ever, Boun Oum has gone to southern Laos for an indefinite
stay and Phoumi is said to be planning a "campaign tour" therej
[Minor skirmishing has continued in Xieng IChouang Province,
and on 9 July government troops reoccupied Muong Bo, about
30 miles north of Pak Sane, encountering no resistance.)
(Backup, Page 1) (Map)
Nationalist China:[Chinese Nationalist officials, appre-
hensive over US policy in the Far East and the growing world
sentiment in favor of "two Chinas," have recently intensified
planning for a series of paramilitary operations against the
mainland, claiming that such operations might spark a revolt
against Communist rule. Lt. Gen, Chiang Ching-kuo, Nation-
alist security chief, on 3 July ordered that the screening of a
200-man special forces team to be airdropped into Kwangtung
Province in South China be completed by mid-July. The Nation-
alists have previously carried out small-scale, forays on the
mainland. There appears to be a greater sense of urgency in
these latest plans than has been apparent in the past. Even more
extensive operations may be under consideration]
(Backup, Page 3)
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Communist China - North Korea: Peiping on 11 July signed
a mutual defense pact with North Korea, virtually identical to
the treaty the USSR had concluded with North Korea one week
earlier on 6 July. Peiping, in an apparent effort to counter
speculation of Sino-Soviet competition over Korea, is extolling
the earlier pact as enhancing the "brotherly friendship and all-
round cooperation" between Moscow and Pyongyang and depict-
ing its new treaty as a contribution to bloc unity.
(Backup, Page 5)
Sudan: The Abboud military government has arrested twelve
of the leaders of a political coalition which has been pressing for
a return to civilian government in the Sudan. Those arrested
and flown to the Juba area of southern Sudan for detention have
been key figures in the Umma, National Unionist, and Commu-
nist parties--all of which have been technically illegal since the
military regime took power in November 1958,
ert
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Siddiq al-Mahdi, head of the Ansar religious sect and
the most important coalition leader, evidently was not arrested,
but several ranking Ansar figures including former Umma party
Prime Minister Abdullah Khalil were imprisoned. The govern-
ment probably remains wary of a direct move against the Mahdi
himself which could provoke an uprising of several thousand
Ansar tribal warriors and defection of a considerable number of
Ansar adherents from the ranks of the Sudanese Army.
Congo: Negotiations centering on the composition of a new
government are continuing between representatives of the Leo-
poldville government and the Stanleyville regime. Belgian press
reports that agreement has been reached on a coalition cabinet
are unconfirmed; recent actions by the central government, how-
ever, indicate that it is attempting to accommodate Gizenga where
12 July 61
DAILY BRIEF ii
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possible. On 7 July, the central government acceded to a long-
standing demand of Gizenga by returning to Stanleyville seven
pro-Gizenga deputies who had been under detention in Leopold-
ville.
In Elisabethville, Tshombe used the occasion of Katanga's
11 July "Independence Day" to qualify his recent attacks on the
Leopoldville government. Tshombe stated that Katanga favored
"association" with the Congo, but implied that future "coopera-
tion" did not extend to Katanaa's snhsidi7ince thp Concrn typacirru
Tshombe's
recent remarks suggest that he is returning to the delaying tac-
tics and positions of calculated ambiguity with which he effectively
sought to neutralize moves toward Congo unity prior to his two
months' incarceration in Leopoldville.
(Map)
Portugal-Angola-UN: arlos Salamanca, Bolivian chairman
of the UN subcommittee on Angola, is scheduled to go to Portugal
about 15 July, principally in an effort to obtain Lisbon's permis-
sion for the full five-member committee to visit Angola. Lisbon
is unlikely to grant his request. Salamanca will then have no al-
ternative to seeking further action by the General Assembly or
the Security Council, a step which would probably lead to an
Afro-Asian call for UN sanctions against Portugal-J
Turkey: About 65 percent of the Turks who voted in the
referendum on 9 July approved the new constitution, according
to unofficial and incomplete returns. The bulk of the negative
votes came from provinces which had been strongholds of the
Democratic party of former premier Menderes before his ouster
by the military coup in May 1960. The ruling Committee of Na-
tional Unity (CNU) had hoped for overwhelming endorsement of
the constitution. Barring serious disorders in the next few weeks,
12 July 61
DAILY BRIEF iii
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the CNU still is expected to carry out its promise to hold
national elections in mid-October preparatory to returning
the government to civilian control. The size of the vote
against the constitution, however, will increase the CNUTs
apprehension over the amount of anti-government and pro-
Democratic strength remainina in the country.
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DAILY BRIEF iv
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Laos
[The Vientiane delegation succeeded in having representa-
tives of the International Control Commission (ICC) seated at
the Namone talks on 9 July, although opposition factions have
not conceded in principle the right of the ICC to participate.
Government delegates at Namone allegedly have noted that
certain differences have arisen among members of the pro-
Souvanna military delegation and are hoping to encourage
some defections by supplying them food and luxury items un-
obtainable in Xieng Khouang. The Vientiane group is also
trying to promote fears among Souvanna supporters that the
Pathet Lao will "grab the lion's share" in any integration of
opposition forces into the army. j
although Souphannouvong may go through the
motions of integration in the event of a coalition government,
he will maintain tight control of his military forces and the
territory they hold, at least half of the
cabinet posts in the new government would have to be held by
strong pro-Western figures to prevent Pathet Lao domination
of the coalition and that the realistic alternatives are taking
action now or losing control to the Communists
numerous detachments of Vietnamese troops en-
tering Laos by Route 7 since early. 1961.
1 el T..1.- D1 'El XT TT'S A T T TT T Y/T#1T1 TTTT T Tn 1,11-k T r
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(
Bloc airlift operations for the period 3 through 9 July in-
volved an estimated total o175 sorties for an estimated de-
livered cargo of 175 tons0
no military supplies have been flown into Laos since early
June. the airlift is now carrying food,
wounded personnel, couriers, and passengers to and from
Hanoi. substantial amounts of
consumer-type goods were being flown into Laos for sale by
local merchantsj
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Chine se Nationalists IntenstfyPlans for Mainland Paramili-
tary Operations
one 20-man special forces
team would be ready to drop near Canton after 25 July and
another in Fukien Province in October.
six teams of 20 to 30 men had been organized to be dropped
at various locations on the mainland to collect intelligence
and report to Taipei on the possibility of using larger Nation-
alist forces to exploit popular discontentj
[President Chiang Kai-shek's recent reshuffle of the gen-
eral staff of the Ministry of National Defense indicates in-
creased emphasis on plans to recover the mainland. Lt. Gen.
Lo Ying-te, former chief of staff of the air force, was ap-
pointed deputy chief of the General Staff for Intelligence. Lt.
Gen, Liu Lien-i was designated deputy for operations, and
Lt. Gen, Tang Shou-chih was named vice chief of staff. All
of these officers appear to have been chosen because of their
competence in operational planningoi
EThe Nationalists initiated plans in 1956 for a special air-
borne task force of 30,000 men to be dropped in small units
on the mainland. To date about 30,000 infantry troops have
received jump training in this program. Of these, 7,000 are
assigned to special forces groups and to the airborne regi-
ment, while the remaining 23,000 are assigned to various
other army units. They have 5,000 American parachutes ob-
tained under the Military Aid Program and 5,300 recently
acquired Japanese parachute53
@enior Nationalist officials, including President Chiang,
have repeatedly tried to convince American officials of the
feasibility of fomenting an uprising on the mainland, and have
attempted to enlist US support for an airborne operation by
special forces. They have said that they preferred to act in
concert with the United States but would act unilaterally if
necessary. President Chiang reportedly told his three service
chiefs recently that he probably would be unable to get priog)
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CAmerican support for the planned operation, but that after Na-
tionalist forces had established a bridgehead, the Americans
would surely provide all necessary aid.]
EThe Chinese Communists would almost certainly make a
major effort to exploit any sizable Chinese Nationalist airdrop
or sabotage campaign on the mainland by charging the US with
complicity and by citing the action as further "proof" that the
US is engaged in "aggressive" acts against Peipin
1 dl T.. 1.. ml 110MT1 A T 1-PaiTit?T T Tel nvikTrizi 1711"TT T rTITXT A
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Peiping Signs Defense Treaty With Pyongyang
The sequence of events during Kim Il-sung's visit to Mos-
cow suggests that Peiping was quick1 to take the initiative to
assure continuing Chinese Communist influence in North Korea.
Foreign Minister Chen Yi was in Moscow en route home from
the Geneva conference when the Soviet-Korean mutual defense
treaty was announced. He conferred with Kim Il-sung the day
of the signing, and on the following day it was announced that
Kim would pay a visit to Peiping, although that city was not on
his original itinerary. When Kim arrived in Peiping on 10 July,
the Chinese turned out all their top leaders except Mao Tse-tung
to give him a warm welcome, and a half-million flag-waving
Chinese cheered him on his way from the airport to the city.
Both the pacts mention economic assistance, and it is pos-
sible that the Chinese, despite acute economic problems at
home, may try to match the new aid which Kim got in Moscow.
Soviet aid to North Korea has amounted to at least $700,000,000,
most of it for economic construction. Chinese economic aid has
totaled about $400,000,000, including a $105,000,000 credit ex-
tended last fall. Moscow and Peiping also have provided North
Korea with large-scale military assistance.
The new treaty, like the one with the USSR, endorses Pyong-
yang's reunification program. The Koreans have said this pro-
gram is "inseparable" from Communist China's claim on Taiwan,
but no reference to Taiwan was included in the treaty. In addi-
tion, both treaties include mutual pledges by the parties con-
cerned not to take part in any action or bloc directed against the
other.
For the North Koreans, the treaty with Moscow undoubtedly
is the more significant, both from political and material points
of view, but Peiping's promptness to join in a commitment to the
North Koreans is likely to convince many in the Pyongyang re-
gime--and perhaps other Asian Communists--that there is profit
in Sino-Soviet competition.
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