FINNISH POLITICAL SITUATION AND FINNISH POLITICAL PARTIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T01049A000100010001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 28
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 6, 1999
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 26, 1949
• Content Type: MEMO

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a~~y d~lvu~d
'itr M CONFIDENTIAL (8'&t a.Q b/sseJ 74
C4 .4* a s-Acr
26 July 1949
25X1A
NODANM11 TO:
SUBJECT : Finnish Political Situation and Finnish
Political Parties
1? It would be helpful to me to have a summary ana-
lytical treatment of this subject including the character
of the parties other than the Communist party with respect
to their
a. degree of opposition to the Communist party;
b. ability to oppose the Communist party including
financial and other support resources and organizational
effectivity;
c. Totalitarian tendencies--both "left" and "right"
propensities.
2. This information is needed as soon as possible and
I wonder if this report could be ready by the end of this week
or the beginning of next.
25X1A
CONFIDENTIAL
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.._.... vn., ..Y Y'i,R, L?X ,- Tr!L'TJ T.' :,.-._Sa-F;f` ? /-Z ..S'Cp/ ,
CF ML (? Rka-ICUTT5 AND kSTIMATz:a
(`%
25X1A
ftte: 8 Auu t 1949
B/EE (INtelligence Control)
staff int ?i g+dnoe Group, Projects Plannu.nng
Wa G/SI
To provide the information requested on the attached sheet
A qV
Confidential
Working paper; not for dissemination
To G/SI by 29 august
-! Wi B/,,-'E (World Co:u-iist Committee; to prepare report
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MEMORANDUM FOR:
4 August 1949
SUBJECT : Financial and other support of Communist
activities and efforts outside the USSR
1. The Communists' activities outside the USSR are of
a character indicating prodigal expenditures of funds and
other means of support; especially by our standards of
supporting a comparable effort with our methods of doing
things. Examples are demonstrations; celebrations; rallies;
preparation and distribution of books, pamphlets, newspapers
and posters; "Tammany-type" " political relief and individual
aid at the to grass roots" level of politics.
2. Would it be possible to answer the following
questions:
a. To what extent the aforementioned efforts
outside the USSR are financed by exports of gold
or other goods and services (or USSR purchases of
foreign exchange) ?
b. To what extent are these efforts supported
by funds and resources assembled from non-USSR
sources?
c. What are the methods by which the latter is
accomplished?
3. Although my office is interested in answers to
the above questions on a world wide basis, we will be
especially interested with reference to support of
Communists in Finland, France, Italy, Mexico, Japan,
and Indonesia.
Case No. 247
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10 August 1949
MEMORANDUM TO; Chief, Staff Intelligence Group, ORE
REFERENCE Conversation of 8 August 1949 between
25X1A
1. In view of the increasing importance to the West
of forced labor conditions in the Soviet Union, it is
requested that a study be prepared showing the location,
size, and character of such camps. It is desired that the
study be prepared from the viewpoint of possible use of
such camps as centers of revolt and resistance in time of
war.
2. Apparently these camps have not previously been
considered as intelligence targets and doubtless there
is relevant material yet to be gathered to CIA files. I
refer especially to material believed to be in the Hoover
War Library, Stanford University.
3. My office is ready to lend a full-time researcher
to assist in the preparation of this report if needed.
4. May I hear from you at your early convenience as
to a prospective date when this report may be ready?.
25X1A
Intelligence Support officer, OPC
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 UNCLASSIFIED RESTRICTED CONFIDENTIAL SECRE
I'll
7 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
INITIALS
DATE
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(2F-L-
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3
4
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FROM
INITIALS
DATE
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3
APPROVAL II INFORMATION 0 SIGNATURE
I FACTION 0 DIRECT REPLY I RETURN
==COMMENT 1 PREPARATION OF REPLY 'I DISPATCH
=CONCURRENCE II RECOMMENDATION II FILE
, ,l 25X1 A
REMARKS: 25X1 A ~'~' ""'~ ~,-
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ANX 199910 9 A T I C11A-R lrglf(nC49A0?Qi*001090
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FORM NO. 30.4
SEP 1947
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ce M?Worandum ? UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
25X1A
TO
Iatell once Su ptuOfficer
FROM
SUB AE : Cancellation of request
DATE: 8 December 49
1. This will confirm our conversation of this date in
which we agreed to cancel your request of 10 August addressed to
Chief, Staff Intelligence Group, ORE.
2. it is our understanding that if at a future date you
wish to reopen this case, you will do so in a now memorandum of re-
quest.
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I'MEPOI
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 SUALA
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CENTRAL I F0,1GENCE AGENCY o7 3 Op.
Pr& t 111-14 OFFICE CV REPORTS A ESTIMATES
&Oi tI !M__ pal Me a-ra
Date. 2249
To: B/WE, Chief
Projects Planning aFL-
From. Staff Intelligence UrouPa
Subject, Condition of anti-communist unions in Berlin
= Internal project
anti-communist
To report actual conditions. of ^unions in Berlin
It is desired to know also exact relationship of
Western Powers' military governments to them, particularly
in reference to any attempts to bolster the unions.
t' t set I?ati ~, to Tae *+b }~3L?her tba T . S .
P : IP-14: brief, uncoordinated report.
tea: To G/SI by close of business, 24 August.
D a ph r~gri ;bU B/10 to prepare report
2srsertmontal rers c ib LUU2A: None
R? ,d s, 1fl iM: limited
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St(
(Use verso of this sheet for Other matter)
 -F-IX,
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,.CRT
25X1A
19 August 1949
~v O i~ ~sN~UZ, FOR
SUBJECT: Condition of Anti:-Oorrsmunist Unions
in Berlin.
1. fin article appearing in The New York
Times on 6 August stated that the federation o anti-
Communist independent trade unions of Berlin (UGO) is
dar,-?erously near financial collapse. The article further
states that UGO's activities am the only genuine labor
union efforts being made in Berlin and the only free union
activities going on in open view of German workers living
under Soviet control.
2. 'ou_ld it be possible to obtain full
information as to the actual condition of these unions?
'.`:shat is the exact relationship of the western Powers'
military governments to them, particularly in reference
to any attempts to bolster the unions?
3. Thei is great need to have whatever
information is available. Could this be supplied on or
before 25 August?
25X1A
ate fe r Case 281-R
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TO$ Staff Intelligence Group, Projects Planning
OM* Acting Chief, B/ WE
SU -, T Anti--C oxrzuunist Unions in
No specific answers can be given to the queries regarding
(a) the relationships existing between the unions and the western
power military ;governments, (b) attempts by the western powers to
assist the unions, or (o) the present financial condition of the
union, This information on western power action and tho financial
situation of of iendly" foreign groups falls within the category
generally cc nsidored policy or operational by the departmental
agenoiea. As such, it Is seldom forwarded to ORE. The degree
of western power support in the form of guidance or tangible
assistance can, therefore, only be surmised, although the Informms-
tion should be available from Berlin if needed for operational
cen tr-a-L 1_71~r'+
western se+
go Gewerkshaf t Opposition (UGO) has become the
e union organization fcf r h unions operating in the
tars of Berlin. The organization developed within
the Coist-controlled Free German Trade Union League (PDGii),
and finally broke from the latter in the early summer of 1948.
At this time,, Co unist or pro-Cor muniet trade union elements
remained within the 33erlin branch of the FDGI3. UGO represents
and is led by the Socialists, who before 193 controlled the great-
er part of the Ber11 n trade ian }.on movement. 13saause of the
Socialist domination of U00, it Is pre.aumed that British influence
has been heavy and that the Ostbuero of the west German Socialist
party has provided some tact . advice and financial assistance.
Although no specific information has beco~e available, it is
believed twat UGO has been receiving funds fro. the t ; lit.ary
governctcu t o of th.e U 3 and. the UR, and from the Socialist party
and the rank a and file of the union. These sources are listed
in what is believed to be the order of their importance. Recently
the three western power o:ommandanta decided to out emergency
subsidies to Berlin political parties 50% for August, and to
e1.lminate subsidies thereafter. This move will. probably indirectly
curtail the income of UGC, which is not expected to be able to
obtain sufficient revenue locally.
U'GO In generally a anti.-Clomt;aunist and anti-Soviet, and Is
approxi ately as pro*U5 as is the 3er1in Socialist party. UGO
suffers from lack of capable leadership, which was embarrassed
by the inconsistencies a? western policy In the rail strike of
A y, Juno 1949. tt present there are indications that another
strike may occur, because of the failure of the Soviet-controlled
Raitc1 bahra; Administration to fulfill its obligations under the
`
, e Set
tlemxent,
UGO has been confused 'y vacillation in western power policy
toward the unions. In the last rail atrike, for example, the
ra lway workers union a,ppa ?entlyr wus encouura ,ed directly and
indirectly by local western officials to block Merlin rail
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transportation completely and to assume control of Reichsbahn
property in the western sectors. As the strike bean to-pinch
the western sectors, however, UGO was caused to accept a
settlement which left many factors to the mercies of the
Reichsbahn Administration. It is doubtful that UGO will be as
receptive to US guidance as in the past.
,,In tho event of further request by the source of this
query, B/WE will repeat its previous requirements to the
collects-on- agencies and will seek specific data.
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STAFF fITLIGt .iCE GROUP
MUM S eer
Project: IP-15 Received frons B/EE
Dates 22 September 1949
Priority:
SubJeats Analysis of Soviet Propaganda about Yugoslavia and Tito
28 June 194 - 12 September 1949
Reviewed in G/SI by: (1)
(2)
(3)
Retied to 9ranaht
Received in G/SI:
Date:
Date: -
Apaved bys
Fem. Revision Approved Sys
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Apprll Aor Refuse 19 9/ A C A-RDP79T01Q49A000111401
26 September,
apparently in ae:aordance with plan throughout India. Pro-Ccmnunist books and
pamphlets are on sale in all urban centers, and, even in the oountryK parts
pamphlets and hand bills are availabe. The appealing and clever format of
these publications in especially noteworthy. Sale is obviously at lower
station was the first one owed in India and is reported to be functioning
in a highly satisfactory manner. The other stations are newer and have not
yet been fully developed, due to space and personnel difficulties. It is
anticipated, however, that they will shortly be stocked and equipped in the
same eaatiys actory manner as that at Bombay.
b.) Pro-Coma'a:uniet literature is being distributed with .ntenstty and
opc
U x, ORE
T: Co:?m: nie t tai to ratur ?$ in India
Pee Pev&d K.
9/o2F/sl
25X1 A
Communist literature in India,
a.) [ISIS stations in India are located at Raw Delhi, Bombay,
With reference to your inquiry regarding
several questions are answered aeriatirA f
and Madras. These stations are well stocked, especially at Bombay. The latter
h and in all of the important vernaculars. publications in the latter
cost in most instances.
a.) The great nee of this literature is printed in India. It appears
appear Invariably to be published in India, of the "n ;lish language material, aebout
10is published in England. 4o eatetial has been noted which is published ela kwhere.
The People's Publishing House, with branches throughout India, produces
moat of the material. Recent police action, especially in Bombay and Calcutta,
has closed many of their presses and others have gone underground with azoord-
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ingly a current diainution of output. This is, however, prubaably a temporary
situation. Information showiit& the addresses of those presses now known to
be operatltig is not available but if uesired it quiry will be made of the fielde
d.) Thero is a notable lack of anti-Communist books an. pamphlets in India.
C ercial distribution of material published in the M' is impeded in several
Forenost is the luck of dollar exchange. Recent exchange control regula-
tions prevent the importation of all printed material from hard currency areas
other than "scientific and educational books. ,Lt is believed that by educational
books is meant text books. Heretofore a small amount of exchange has been
available for the purchase of American publications, but t::ie has been spent
by book ,dealers ul oat entirely upon the more disreputable type of erioan
tune, magazines and books, which can be procured cheap and wnioh have a
rapid sale. Numerous comments have been received from Americans in India
regsr.ding the deplorable nature of American magazines and books seen on sale
in the bazaars and book stalls. Crime and sex appear to be the exclusive
coverage. Thus, a small amount of available exchange appears to work to
dot rimeAt rather than to the advantage of this country.
A second deterrent to the sale of American books In India is the matter
of publishers' rights. "easy of the Americaan publishers sell their overseas
or British pare rights to UK publishers and, hence, could not supply books
to the Indian trade even if exchange was available. The British publisher
in ummy instances will not have produced the book at all or because of paper
short" will have produced it only in limited quantity with none available
for Indian distribution.
The greatest deterrent c the oomnercial distribution of anti-Communiet
material in India is, however, simply the lack of demand for that material
as currently produced in the blest. While this office is unaware of any books
on the subject written and published in the UK which co re in ree, dability
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qMW
to many of those published in the US:, some material is
u 3loubtedly published
there. There Is no impediment to the entry into India of UK printed matter.
The Indian public, however, does not find anti-Co muniet publications of the
type available sufTiciently interesting to warrant their commercial importation;
nor would there by any great demand for even the best of the arerioan anti-un-
let books even if exchange restrictions and publishers' agreements were rescinded.
A few of the upper class intellectuals would. be) them, but it is not thought that
the sale would be sufficiently large to ?5e of significance. This does not mean
ding public is disinclined to road anti-Communist books It
indicates only that the material as currently produced in the Vest is written
In a manner devoid of appeal to all but a few Indians.
The situation described above in not being mot adequately by present
i
o
at
-~-_ ~..~?__
?? ??
e. "
s A* due to we necessary l tations
placed upon the activities of Depaar?t ent of State agencies, each USIS station
being a constituent Part of a diplomatic or consular office. The function of
these stations is to disseminate pro-Us material. this they do well and success-
fully. With alight exceptions, they can not properly overtly disseminate
tal attaekix ;; the philosophy of a government friendly, technically or actually,
25X6 to the government In idiose territory they are located; nor can they distribute
material through 0oc eroisl outlets which would involve the receipt of money.
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Tog B/YF
Proms Std 2;nte11tgez a amiup$, - -i; e ei a ?: .; L-Jmg RJ -.t.-.
Subjects Evaluation of address by Gid?onso
-nnto -Sept 49
' M To evaluate the address:."American policy in Indonesia" by
Barry Ti. Gi4eonae
Awwdthmu
25X1A
Note : will be called for an answer to this
query at noon tomorrow, and therefore the deadline-
is a positive one.
Oonti.dential
2 Special project; memorandum
~? W712 To G/SI for trunar ittul by 1000 on 27 September
B/FE to prepare requested memorandum
lone
HRMQMWIAU~
Requester only - -
C-3 T.
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t m
TO Chief, G/SI DATE: 27 Sep e %-,.L
FROM : Chief, Far East Pacific Branch
SUBJECT: Reply to Request IP-17; To evaluate the address "American policy in Indonesia"
by Dr, Harry D. Gideonse
Office Memorandum ? UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
b 1970
The author has oversimplified the complex Indonesian problem. In addition,
his factual bases are onesided and sometimes inaccurate. Therefore, his conclusions
25X8re debatable. 25X6
His praise of past Dutch educational successes appears unwarranted.
25X6
The appearance of a progressive transfer of self-governmen
is misleading for in every instance the Dutch retained ultimate control. While
it is undoubtedly true that many Indonesian leaders collaborated with the Japanese,
it is somewhat logically claimed that they did so opportunistically in order to
gain independence. The weaknesses of the Republic are undeniable, but it has never
had a chance to grow and mature under normal conditions. The alleg''tion that the
Republic is infiltrated ^_th Communists and the implication of Communist sym-
pathies are unsubstantiated. The comments on Dr. Graham and criticism of TIN
politics seem immaterial to the issue.
Considerations of American policy are not within the scope of B/FET s
assigned mission. However, when Dr. Gideonse criticizes our role as "ideological
hypocrisy".and as being Unrealistic,, he ignores the fact that the Dutch have complete-
ly failed--to reestablish a semblance of control or stability in the islands through
their own efforts during the last four years. The US must consider this realistic
fact.
g ? nether or not the Indonesians are capable of governing themsglyes, and
this,highl questionable, it is undeniable that the tide of nationalisnas be-
come such-a powerful force in the Far East that the i