KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT B-387

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T01819A000100910001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 17, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 1, 1979
• Content Type: REPORT

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Top Secret
BASIC
I MAGERY
INTERPRETATION
REPORT
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC
INTERPRETATION CENTER
KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT B-387 (S)
STRATEGIC WEAPONS INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
USSR
JULY 1979
Top Secret
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Top Secret RUF!
Kazan Airframe Plant B-387
Kazan Northwest Heliport
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
55-51-18N 049-02-20E
55-51-30N 049-02-15E
DMAAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0165-1, scale 1:200,000
ABSTRACT
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1. (TSR) This report discusses construction and production activity observed at Kazan
Airframe Plant B-387 in the USSR from the date of the earliest available 25X1
overhead imagery, unti The report also discusses significant construction activity 25X1
at Kazan Northwest Heliport, which is collocated with the plant and serves as its test and flyaway
field. This report supersedes a previous NPIC report, 25X1
2. (S/WNINTEL) Kazan Airframe Plant B-387 consists of 97 buildings and has a total
approximate floorspace of 145,179 square meters. It is one of the primary facilities for the prod-
uction of the MIL-designed Mi-8 (HIP) transport helicopter and the only known facility where the
Mi-14 (HAZE A), the naval variant of the HIP, is produced. Prior to and concurrent with the
production of the HIP helicopter, the Mi-4 (HOUND) transport helicopter was produced at this
plant.
3. (S) This report includes a detailed description of the Kazan Airframe Plant B-387 and
the Kazan Northwest Heliport. It also includes a location map, seven annotated photographs, and
three tables of mensural and/or chronological data.
49'00' I 49" 15'
KAZAN
NORTHWEST
HELIPORT
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF KAZAN AIRFRAME PLANT B-387 AND KAZ4N NORTHWEST HELIPORT, USSR
Top Secret
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INTRODUCTION
4. (S) Kazan Airframe Plant B-387 is in the northern suburbs of Kazan in the western
central portion of the USSR, approximately 400 nautical miles east of Moscow (Figure 1). The
area surrounding the plant is gently rolling with elevations ranging from 76 to 106 meters. The
plant is bounded on the north by the Kazan Northwest Heliport and by urban growth on the east
side, with room for expansion to the south and west. The plant is served by all-weather road and
rail.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
5. (TSR) Kazan Airframe Plant B-387 consists of the main plant area and a separately
secured MIL OKB (experimental design bureau) research and development area (Figure 2). The
installation covers an area of 188.4 hectares and is 91.0 meters above sea level.
Main Plant Area
6. (TSR) Of the 97 buildings at the installation, 80 are a part of the main plant area. Four of
these 80 buildings are production related, 17 are direct support, and 59 are general-purpose
support. The four production-related buildings include one subassembly building (item 21, Table
1 and Figure 3), one assembly building (item 75), one final assembly building (item 82), and one
assembly/checkout building (item 85). These buildings contain approximately 97,937 square me-
ters of floorspace.
7. (TSR) The direct support buildings include eight shop buildings (items 13, 19, 25, 33, 60,
63, 68, and 86), three engineering/shop buildings (items 28, 51, and 58), two shop/support build-
ings (items 70 and 91), one shop/compressor building (item 73), one shipping container fabrication
building (item 83), one probable weapons calibration building (item 93), and one administration/-
engineering building (item 96). The direct support buildings contain approximately 21,019 square
meters of plant floorspace.
8. (TSR) The general-purpose support buildings include 26 storage buildings (items 1, 6, 7,
11, 12, 14, 18, 22-24, 27, 29, 52-57, 64, 65, 69, 77-80, and 87), 17 support buildings (items 4, 9,
10, 15-17, 30, 59, 61, 62, 67, 81, 84, 89, 90, 94, and 95), and seven storage/support buildings
(items 3, 5, 20, 31, 50, 66, and 72). Other support buildings include two pumping stations (items
26 and 92), a probable pumping station (item 74), a pump control building (item 76), a compres-
sor building (item 71), a vehicle storage building (item 88), a rotor test stand control building
(item 8), a fire station (item 2), and a security building (item 97). These general-purpose support
buildings account for approximately 18,867 square meters of floorspace.
Research and Development Area (MIL OKB)
9. (TSR) A separately-secured research and development area (Figure 2), which is a branch
of the MIL 0KB, is south of and directly associated with the main plant area. Several of the 17
buildings included in this area (primarily the engineering/shop building and the laboratory/engi-
neering building) are buildings which are normally associated with any design bureau. The engi-
neering/shop building (item 45, Table 1 and Figure 3) contains a high-bay hangar section large
enough to accommodate a medium helicopter, and the laboratory/engineering building (item 40)
contains several small wind tunnels, probably the blow-down-to-atmosphere variety, and at least
four sets of pressure bottles. Also in this area are 11 storage buildings (items 34-36, 38, 39,
41-44, 47, and 48), three storage/support buildings (items 32, 46, and 49), and one pumping
station (item 37). The 17 buildings in the research and development area contain approximately
7,356 square meters of floorspace.
10. (TSR) The total building floorspace for Kazan Airframe Plant B-387, including both the
main plant area and the research and development area with an addition (item 61b) under
construction as of is approximately 145,179 square meters.
Other Facilities
10
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11. (TSR) In addition to the 97 buildings, the installation also contains two underground
storage tanks (completed by 1964) which are in diameter and a POL facility which 25X1
contains 12 aboveground cylindrical POL tanks (Figure 3). The 12 POL tanks have a storage
capacity of 546,596 liters. Adjacent to the rotor test stand control building (item 8) is a rotor test
stand cage (Figure 3) which is0in diameter. There is a paved transshipment area and a 25X1
vehicle parking lot at the southern edge of the plant outside the fenceline (Figure 3). In addition,
there are two banks of induced-draft cooling towers, one bank with five fans and one bank with
three fans which were completed by July 1972 and June 1975, respectively.
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Test and Flyaway Field
12. (TSR) On the north side of the plant is the test and flyaway field Kazan Northwest
Heliport (Figures 2 and 3). The field includes a large concrete helipadin diameter, a
short east/west 0 concrete runway in length, and 23 hardstands. The field
also contains a large parking apron, a compass rose, and a probable electronics calibration facil-
ity. Fourteen unnumbered small support buildings/sheds are interspersed throughout the parking
area adjacent to the hardstands (Figure 3).
Construction Chronology
13. (TSR) The earliest overhead imagery available for use in this report was acquired on
At that time, an assembly/checkout building (item 85, Table 1 and Figure 3), a
final assembly building (item 82), two shop buildings (items 60 and 86), and a laboratory/engi-
neering building (item 40a) were observed complete.
14. (TSR) Between) the rotor test stand cage (Figure
3), a subassembly building (item 21), an engineering/shop building (item 58), a support building
(item 4), and two storage buildings (items 24 and 35) were completed. By 28
additional buildings had been constructed and a part of the final assembly building (item 82) had
been destroyed by fire or explosion. A rotor test stand control building (item 8), nine storage
buildings (items 18, 22, 23, 27, 34, 42, 47, 48, and 69), five support buildings (items 10,15a, 62, 67,
and 90), three storage/support buildings (items 20, 31a, and 72), three pumping stations (items 26,
37, and 92), one shop building (item 25), and an engineering/shop building (item 45a and b) were
Top
observed complete. Also constructed were a pump control building (item 76), a shipping container
fabrication building (item 83), and three buildings adjacent to the shipping container fabrication
building which were later razed in 1978 (Figure 3).
15. (TSR) By the plant comprised 30 buildings with a total floorspace of
65,301.2 square meters (excluding the three recently razed buildings).
16. (TSR) Between 1966 and 1970, construction activity was light. A runway
was constructed (Figure 3) and repairs were made on the final assembly building (item 82, Table 1
and Figure 3). Two storage buildings items 43 and 77) and two support buildings (items 81 and
94) were also completed. Only f additional floorspace was constructed during this
period.
17. (TSR) Between 1970 and 1973 construction activity increased significantly in anticipa-
tion of accelerated HIP helicopter production, with production-related floorspace almost doubling.
A large assembly building (item 75) and a shop building (item 19) were constructed. Fourteen
storage buildings (items 1, 6, 7, 9, 53-57, 64, 65, 79, 80, and 87), a storage/support building (item
32), a shop/compressor building (item 73), a probable pumping station (item 74), a support
building (item 89), and a security building (item 97) were also completed. In addition, a storage
section (item 45c) was added to the engineering/shop building and a support section (item 31b)
was added to a storage/support building,
18.
facility.
3-
Secret
(TSR) Twenty-one new buildings and two building additions were constructed between
adding a total of 53,577.3 square meters of floorspace to the
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 Table 1
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lop secret HUFFI
Construction Activity at Kazan Airframe Plant B -387
February 1960-March 1979
(Keyed to Figure 3)
This table in its entirety is classified TOP SECRET RUFF "
Dimensions
Item Function. (m*)
i
Stor bldg
2 Fire station
3 Stor/spt bldg
4 Support bldg
5 Stor/support bldg
6 Stor bldg
7 Stor bldg
6 Rotor test stand
control bldg.
9 Support bldg
10 Support bldg -
11 Stor bldg
12 Stor bldg
13 Shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Shop sec
14 Stor bldg
15 Support bldg
a Support sec
b Support sec
c Admin sec
16 Support bldg
17 Support bldg
18 Stor bldg
19 Shop bldg
20 Stor/support bldg
21 Subassembly bldg
a Subassembly sec
b Admm/engr sec
c Subassembly sec
22 Stor bldg
23 Stor bldg
24 Stor bldg
25 Shop bldg
26 Pumping station
27 Stor bldg
28 Engr/shop bldg
a' Admin/engr sec
b Shop sec
29 Storage bldg
30 Support bldg
31 Stor/support bldg
a Stor sec
b Support sec
32 Stor/support bldg
33 Shop bldg
34 Stor bldg
35 Stor bldg
36 Stor bldg
37 Pumping station
38 Star bldg
39 Stor bldg
40 Lab/engr bldg
a Lab/engr sec
b Stor sec
c Admin/engr sec
41 Stor bldg
42 - Stor bldg
43 Stor bldg
44 Stor bldg
45 Engr/shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Admin/engr sec
c Stor sec
46 Stor/spt bldg
47 Stor bldg
48 Stor bldg
49 Stor/support bldg
50 Stor/support bldg
51 Engr/shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Engr sec
52 Stor bldg
53 Star bldg
54 i Stor bldg
55 Star bldg
56 Stor bldg
57 Stor bldg
Item Function
58
Engr/shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Engr sec
59 Support bldg
60 Shop bldg
a Engr sec
b Shop sec
61 Support bldg
a Support sec
b Support sec
62 Support bldg
63 Shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Engr/shop sec
64 Stor bldg
65 Stor bldg
66 Stor/support bldg
67 Support bldg
68 Shop bldg
a Shop sec
b Engr sec
69 Stor bldg
70 Shop/support bldg
a Shop sec
b Support sec
c Support sec
71 Compressor bldg
72 Stor/support bldg
73 Shop/compressor
bldg
74 Prob pumping station
75 Assembly bldg
a Final assembly sec
b Subassembly sec
c Admin/engr sec
76 Pump control bldg
77 Stor bldg
78 Stor bldg
a Stor sec
b Stor sec
79 Stor bldg
80 Stor bldg
81 Support bldg
82 Final assembly bldg
a Admin/engr sec
b Sub/final assem sec
Shop sec
d Shop sec
83 Shipping container
fob bldg
84 Support bldg
a Support sec
b Support sec
65 Assembly/checkout
bldg
a Admin/engr sec
b Subassembly sec
c Admin/engr sec
d Final assembly sec
e Checkout sec
f Engr/shop sec
86 Shop bldg
87 Stor bldg
88 Veh stor bldg
89 Support bldg
90 Support bldg
91 Shop/support bldg
92 Pumping station
93 Prob weapons
94
95
96
97
Top Secret
calibration
bldg
Support bldg
Support bldg
Admin/engr bldg
Security bldg
Total floorspace
Dimensions
(m*)
L
Floorspace Observed
(sq m) Complete
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Floorspace Observed
(sqm) Complete' Remarks
Single story
Tower height
Single story
Single story; poss animal shelter
Single story
Single story
"Single story
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Single story
Single story
2 stories
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Small section added in 1977
Single story
Single story
3 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Small sec added by
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
Height at peak of roof
Single story
Single story; prob warehouse
Single story, firing-In butt razed
for bldg Construction
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Mainly 2 stories
Single story
3 stories
Single story
Single story; height at peak
Single story, height at peak
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Small 40-s -meter sec
added by~
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
3 stories
Single story
Quonset type
Quonset type
Quonset type
Quonset type
Quonset type
Remarks
Single story
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Ucon
Single story
2 stories; small addition
completed by~
Single story
Single story
Quonset type
Single story
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
2 stories; separately secured
Separately secured
Single story"
Single story
4 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
5 stories
Single story
2 stories
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Single story
- -
2 stories
Single story
Single story
Connectiition completed
by
Single story
Single story"
Single story
Single story -
Single story
Single story -
Single story
Single story
Single story
Single story
2 stories
Single story
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RACK WITH
ORDNANCE
FIGURE 4. HAZE A HELICOPTER
,`PIC s 7183
VPIC S7184
FIGURE 5. HIP F HELICOPTER
19. (TSR) A moderate amount of construction activity took place from January 1973 to
March 1976. Five storage buildings (items 11, 29, 38, 39, and 41), four support buildings (items 30,
59, 84, and 95), two engineering/shop buildings (items 28 and 51), two shop/support buildings
(items 70 and 91), and one shop building (item 68) were constructed. Also completed were two
storage/support buildings (items 46 and 49), a compressor building (item 71), and a fire station
(item 2). A support section (item 15b) was added to a support building and a storage section (item
40b) was added to a laboratory/engineering building.
20. (TSR) The additional floorspace provided by these 18 buildings and two additions
increased overall floorspace by 9,844.7 square meters.
21. (TSR) A moderate amount of construction took place between March 1976 and March
1979, the information cutoff date for this report. An administration/engineering building (item
96), three shop buildings (items 13, 33, and 63), six storage buildings (items 12, 14, 36, 44, 52, and
78), and four storage/support buildings (items 3, 5, 50, and 66) were constructed. Also completed
were three support buildings (items 16, 17, and 61a), a vehicle storage building (item 88), and a
probable weapons calibration building (item 93). In addition, several buildings were enlarged. An
administration section (item 15c) was added to a support building, an administration/engineering
section (item 40c) was added to a laboratory/engineering building, and an administration/engi-
neering section (item 85c) and a final assembly section (85d) were added to an assembly/checkout
building. A support section (item 61b) to a support building was still under construction as of
22. (TSR) A probable electronics calibration facility and two additional hardstands were
completed in the heliport and parking area (Figure 3).
23. (TSR) The construction during this period added 15,720.1 square meters of floorspace to
the facility and a total of 19 new buildings.
Production Activity
HOUND
24, (TSR) Helicopters have been produced at the Kazan Airframe Plant B-387 since late
1952 when initial production was begun on the Mi-4 (HOUND), a single-rotor, general-purpose
helicopter powered by the ASh-82V engine. There are three production variants of the HOUND:
the Mi-4 military version, the Mi-4P passenger version, and the Mi-4S agricultural version.
Additionally, all versions can be fitted for amphibious operations.
25. 0 HOUND production at Kazan was probably limited to prototype and test models
during most of 1952 and 1953. In 1954, production at Kazan began to increase from one a month
to nine by the end of the year, with a cumulative total production of 39 helicopters. By the end of
1955, as many as 180 may have been produced; however, attache sightings of the plant indicated
that only five to six aircraft were observed at any given time. By the end of 1956, production at
Kazan increased to 25 aircraft per month and in 1957 increased to a peak of 30 per month.'
26. From 1958 through 1964, production remained
fairly stable at 26 to 30 aircraft per month.2 Production at Kazan declined rapidly between 1965
and 1969, when it ceased completely because of the emergence and subsequent production of the
newer Mi-8 (HIP C). A total of approximately 3,300 to 3,500 HOUND helicopters were produced
before production ceased.3
HIP/HAZE
27. Several models and variants of the HIP helicopter are presently
being produced at Kazan-HIP C, HAZE A, and HIP E/F. HIP A, the prototype Mi-8, was a
single turboshaft-powered helicopter with a four-blade rotor which never went into series prod-
uction. HIP B was a twin-engine craft with a four-blade rotor. Only a few HIP B were produced
and these were probably converted to HIP C helicopters. The HIP C, which became the primary
series production model, is a twin-turbine-powered helicopter with a five-bladed rotor. It utilizes
two TV2-117A Isotov turboshaft engines mounted above the cabin. The HIP C is produced in
three basic variations: a military model (Mi-8T), a passenger model (Mi-8P), and a deluxe model
(Mi-8PS).4
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28. (TSR) The Mi-14 (HAZE A) is the amphibious version of the HIP which has a rede-
signed lower fuselage resembling a boat hull and sponsons protruding outward on the aft part of
the fuselage (Figure 4). The HAZE A also has quadricycle retractable landing gear and the more
powerful TV3-117 engine. The HIP E and F are variants of the HIP helicopter which are distingu-
ishable by the addition of latticework ordnance racks mounted midfuselage and which resemble
wings when canvas covered (Figures 5 and 6). The E model is configured with rails to carry four
SWATTER ATGMs (antitank guided missiles) and the F model to carry six SAGGER ATGMs.
29. ~HIP C production at Kazan is estimated to have begun in 1962. Cumulative 25X1
production between 1963 and 1966 has been estimated to have been 40 (15 in 1966);5 however,
analysis of imagery of December 1966 revealed that 37 HIP helicopters were in the plant area.
This relatively large number would indicate either that production was somewhat greater than
estimated in 1966 or that all but three of the HIP produced during the four-year period were still
at the plant.
Table 2
Estimated Annual Production of HIP/ HAZE
Helicopters at Kazan B-3873, 5
Monthly
Production
Annual
Production
1967
3
35
1968
10
120
1969
15
190
1970
28
340
1971
46
560
1972
48
580
1973
65
780
1974
65
780
1975
83
1,000
1976
83
1,000
1977
35
430
1978
27
324
Table 3
Average Number of HIP / HAZE Helicopters
Observed on Imagery of Kazan B - 387
1967 15 (3 coverages)
1968 16 (2 coverages)
1969 - (No complete coverage available)
1970 35 (3 coverages)
1971 65 (1 coverage)
1972 50 (4 coverages)
1973 41 (9 coverages)
1974 47 (2 coverages)
1975 34 (2 coverages)
1976 44 (4 coverages)
1977 11 (3 coverages)
1978 34 (12 coverages)
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30. (TSR) Table 2 is an estimate of HIP/HAZE production between 1967 and 1978 at
Kazan. Table 3 shows the average number of HIP/HAZE observed on imagery at Kazan during
the same period.
31. Collateral information indicates that prototype
conversion of HIP C to HAZE was begun by the MIL OKB branch at Kazan in 1971.6 HAZE A
were identified on imagery of Kazan as early as It is estimated that series
production of HAZE A was begun in 1974 with an annual production rate of five helicopters.
Production increased to 20 in 1975, 25 in 1976, and 30 in 1977. The production rate for 1978 was
estimated to be three per month through June.' Since May 1974, from one to five HAZE A have
usually been observed at the plant. A high count of 12, however, was observed on
indicating that an increase in production may have occurred.
32. I HIP E/F series production reportedly began in late
1976 or early 1977 at Kazan.' On and again on what may have
been a HIP E/F prototype with probable latticework ordnance racks resembling wings was ob-
served at Kazan. On the first series production of HIP E/F was observed
(Figure 6). During 1977 and the early part of 1978 an average of five HIP E/F was observed. In the
second half of 1978 the number observed decreased to one or two, and none have been observed
during the first two months of 1979, which could indicate a slower production rate at Kazan.
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Research, Development, and Testing
33. (TSR) The branch of the MIL OKB at the plant (Figures 2 and 3) is involved in the
development and testing of MIL-designed helicopters. This branch was not identified until after
1971 and may not have been associated with MIL in the early 1960s. Overhead imagery of
February 1960 revealed numerous fixed-wing aircraft in what is now the MIL OKB area. The
branch has been associated with the HAZE A program (see paragraph 31) and with the testing of
rotor systems. It also seems that the facility may have been associated with the HIP E/F program
as early as 1972 (see paragraph 32).
34. 0 Recent photographically derived and collateral information indicates that the 25X1
MIL branch at Kazan is currently engaged in the development of a new helicopter.' Collateral
sources report that the new helicopter is a medium-weight utility helicopter slightly smaller than
the HIP. Observation of a small rotor system undergoing testing appears to substantiate the
report. On imagery of a probable, new, two-bladed rotor system, in 25X1
diameter, was observed in the rotor test stand cage (Figure 7). The rotor diameter is 25X1
shorter than the rotor diameter of the HIP and does not closely resemble any presently 25X1
known Soviet rotor system.
Security
35. (TSR) The entire installation is secured on all sides by double fences or a fence and a
wall (Figure 2). In addition, the plant and MIL OKB research and development area are separ-
ately secured (Figure 3). There are two vehicle/pedestrian entrances and one rail entrance into the
plant area on its southern perimeter and a single vehicle/pedestrian entrance to MIL OKB re-
search area on its southern perimeter. Access to the heliport and parking areas is gained through
one of three pedestrian/vehicle entrances on the northeastern perimeter of the plant.
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was used in the preparation of this report.
4 DIA 5 316 0261 75 SECRET
MAPS OR CHARTS
DMAAC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, Sheet 0165-1, scale 1:200,000 (UNCLASSIFIED)
DOCUMENTS
1. CIA. 7001812, Production of HOUND (Mi-4) Helicopters in the USSR, Jun 59 (TOP SECRET)
2. CIA. MCB No 64-19, Production of MI-4 (HOUND) Helicopters at Plant No 387, Kazan, USSR, 1954-62, 7 May
74 (SECRET)
3. DIA. DDB-1923-2A-78 SAO, Foreign Aircraft Production, Communist World, Dec 78 (TOP SECRET
1974, Nov 75 (TOP SECRET
Kazan, USSR, 1961-1977 (C), Dec 77 (TOP SECRET
SECRET
7. FSTC. FST 0290, 082020Z, Intel FSTCC Weekly Wire TK Supplement 79-23, Mar 79 (TOP SECRET
DIA.
Kazan Airframe Plant B-387, Oct 75 (TOP SECRET
COMIREX J02
Project 290048DJ
(S) Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome. They may be directed to
Pact Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC
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Warsaw 25X1
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Top Secret RCA-09/0016/79 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/17: CIA-RDP79T01819A000100910001-4
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/17: CIA-RDP79T01819A000100910001-4
Top Secret
Top Secret
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/17: CIA-RDP79T01819A000100910001-4