INDICATIONS OF PSYFHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000500740142-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 24, 2001
• Sequence Number: 142
• Publication Date: October 7, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT N 25X1
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
DATE-OF I
INFORMATION
SUBJECT INDICATIONS OF
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES
i0
PER REC~RARIii"
;j.
This DOCUNINT CONTAINS INFONMATIOII A-IICTINII TAD NATIONAL DI/IN/
Of Till UNITiD STATUS RAISIN Till NDANIN? of IIPIONAO[ ACT So
U. I. C.. A I AND as. AS ANINDIO. ITS TRANS NI1lion on THU AIYULAnan
qITS CONTINTU In ANT UANNan TO ASUNAUTNOAITUD F1NlON 15 PNO?
11l& ST LAW. n1PRODUCTION OP TN II PORN IS PNOil101T10.
CPW Report No. 39 -- COMMUNIST CHINA
(Sept. 5-14, 1952)
INFORMATION
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL SECURITY INFORMATION--
STATE
ARMY
DATE DIST. ',
QcT /
NO. OF PAGES A,
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
CIA-RDP80-00.809A000500740142-0
 CONFIDENTIAL
Despite repeated illustrations of Russian leadership, pressure is necessary to get'
Chinese-Changchun Railway workers to accept Soviet techniques. Encouragement for
those doubting; Soviet superiority in building and operating railroads comes from
admission that "poor construction" forced thq closing of part of the new Chen tu-
Chungking Railway.
Extravagant claims of Chinese victories and American defeats still are interlaced
with charees!of American perfidy at Koje, anI at Panmunjon, which is used as a "passage-,
way for spec:l!al agents." Nothing is said ofIPanmunjon's use by Communist soldiers as
a passageway to freedom. Government action in taking over the Southwest! silk
industry might reflect Russian needs for cheap Chinese silk in her war industries,
but the ability of accountants to find addit4onal capital after courses to "reform
their thinking" is not so easy to explain,
The first inlla series of long speeches by Ea1t China officials reveal moves to expand
Party controls, but also concern at lack of peasant enthusiasm for the dictatorship
of the proletariat; After allbefore the Sino-Soviet partnership, Mao's Communist
drive was based on the peasantry. Further peasant dissatisfaction is apparent in
refusal to report bumper crops, and need of production inspectors for protection
against "reactionaries and lawless! landlords."
Usual reports of farming achievements by People's Liberation Army v'i.ts in the border
areas are expanded' to include successes in tie Northeast. It is difficult to see why
PL:. units would be engaged in 'agriculture in this highly developed area except as
guards for sls e labor units. Similarities of the judicial reform movement tn the
anticorruption drives against businessmen are evident from reports of public accusation
meetings, and replacement of conservative judicial personnel with more aimenable workers
and shop clerks.
Attendance at, a public trial of ol.ly 2,000 persons seems surprisingly small, while
sale by one store of 24,500 copieslof_Mao's hook, but four million other volumes,
indicates little enthusiasm for th I e Communists Sino-Soviet partnership.
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INDICATIONS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITIES DR1~
DATE :
0809A0 AT40'1T4'2-0
jAOSTfZ, DC.?' Ds
CPW Report No. 39-A'-- CQEUNI$T CHINA
(Sept. 8 - 14, 1952)
FOR OFFICIAL USE CN14Y
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1. (lu) Peking Peace Cn ferrence
Peking reported (Sept. 12) that the JE! MIN JIH PAC) carried an article by Tikhonov,
~. e ;nd.ars the Peking peace conference.
chairman of the Soviet Peace Cunr._tt. e, ing
Peking (Sept. 14) -reported niessageo fr am Shekov, Soviet Academy of Sciences Fellow,
4rid the Moscow Garrison Corrnnandpr, sho\(i1 g Russian enthusiasm for the meeting.
Peking said (Sept. 12) that in Nepal, ?Yhere young people were fighting for peace
under the Nepal Youth League, a delegation to Peking had been selected.
-
Peking (Sept. 12) broadcast a sIeeeh b, Chang Lin-chih, leader of 12 Chinese peasants
Soviet Union. Sian
returning from the USSR, on the great ;aclzievements of the
(Sept. 1.2) reported that the 12 peasan~sl%vere impressed by Soviet superiority and
the great future in store for Chinese agriculture through following the Russian
hxample. Wuhan (Sept. 13) reported a reception for the returning peasants, with
speakers promising that "Chine. ill follow in the path of the USSR."
Leording to Mukden (Sept. 1l)1Ithe Northeast Sino-Soviet Friendship Association
Ihoto Exhibit, making clear the progresslof agriculture and industry in. the Soviet
Union, would be turned over tol) SFA ch Pters for showing in'all Northeast cities.
Peking In numeral code (Sept. ) quoteLi Te-chuan, president of the Chinese Red
Cross, as saying the organization had sent delegations to the USSR to benefit from
"advanced experiences," and atlKunming had spent al half year studying Soviet advanced
heories in treating intentional and neurosis cases with secretions of toads and
4-nrde. Kuriming announced (Sept. 11) that local school children had spent their
summerat Soviet-type camps, whi ere they learned to emulate Russian methods.
3. (1c) Soviet Technical Guidance:
Mukden reported ($ept. 9) that) railwacadres met to learn from Northeast Party
officials, that they must abolish all reservations and accept progressive Soviet
techniques. The TUNG PEI JIH PAU was. quoted as saying there was no room to doubt
the superiority of Soviet rail, y techniques, as the Chinese-Changchun Railway,
under the enthusiastic direction of Soviet experts, now was more efficient than
under Jape-se direction. it was necessary for cadres to "overcome the reluctance"'
of railway workers and take positive steps to see that they "eliminate theirli
conservative' thinking."
Chungking reported (Sept. 11) !that 5,000 worisnen were busy repairing the Tzuchung-
Tzuyang Sector of the new Chungtu-Chungking Railway, which was damaged by floods
"as a result of poor construction."
4. (2a) War Burdens:
Chinohow announced (Sept, 8) that "to fill the need for exlior?c oricalMyers," the
Chinohow Construction Company 'bed been training 101 women. Peking reported in
numeral oode (Sept. 9) that nurserieshad been established in the Northeast China
Rubber Company, greatly increasing the efficiency of women workers, "no longer
encumbered by children."
5. (2a) War! Propaganda:
Peking asserted in numeral code (Septt 14) that Americans were using the Panmunjom
truce area "as a passageway for special agents." Peking claimed (Sept. 8) that
Gen, Boatner admitted mistreating prisoners at Koje; called absurd (Sept. 9) the
Harrison statement that prisoners were seeking asy..um, and fraudulent the Rhee claim
that 26,000 prisoners wanted to join he South Korean Army; and quoted REUTERS
(Sept. 1?.) as saying a Koje prisoner: hanged himself '"to escape American torture and
attempts toforce him to ebani n repatriation rights."
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Peking said inumexa? code (Sept. 14) thaj;the International Scientific Commission
had relased its 300,000-word r?port,o bacteriologigal vrarfare in China and~Korea,
and lpra 1aed the. "great care taken bye tl e scientists in arriving at decisions,."
Peking asserted (Sept. 11). that "American ruling cir?lea" had been forced toy ,admit
that; failure" in, Koreal had ';upset they 'r l~aggressiov timetable; had decided they, "should
notlknave started warin 1950, when they were not ful.y prepared," and should not
have~taken von the Chinese jVolunteers,and had been forced to sit down and discuss a
truce. The successful Chineseihad drpven the Americans from the Yalu to the 38th
Parallel and killed 70,000 men; ireludingi 250,000 Americans.
Shanghai (Sept. )..quoted Combat Hero !Yu Fu-hsiang as, urging children in- model air-
plane contest:, to keep up their int zi, est, and later defend their Nation with real
planes."
6
(!2c) Trade and"P
oduction Difficulties:
.
r
Kunming stated (Sept! 12) shat .private) traders had been encouraged to carry goods to
the iwildTali area of Yunnan in order)to dev-~lop trade. Peking asserted (Sept. 10)
that British trade unions were' demanding increased trade with the USSR and China.
Teinlan reported '(Sept. 12) that cadres had been ord',red to check safety measures
following"107.aceidents in tl-^ Tsingtao Construction Company in August. Peking
announced in numeral code (Sept. li)lthatithe First' Machine Inr'+istry Ministry had issued
a fora a survey;of the Nation' 94machine rhops, after which all shortcomings must
beIcorrect e'd to provide higher,production~in 1953.
Chl g
I' kiu stated (Sept. 14) that atl a SSouthwest mee1tin6 of accounting personnel "to
ref~rul.their thinking" andimproveHtlie accounting s stems, "new working capital plans
were worked out for~the aocumulationl;of capita-3. fort basic construction." Chungking
announced (Sept.?15) that the;Southwest government hid placed all silk firms under
its,:induatrial;.department !'t.o!proniote silk production."
7 .~ (3a) Counterrevolutionary Indications
wuhan reported. (Sept. 8)' that' the (Conarunirst' Party lad called for ,and inspection and
crop asses sment;work, and protection'e.;,ainst reactionaries and lawless landlords
while the work was .n progress. Kunmi-rg (Sep'.; 9) that Yunnan rural 'padres held
a meeting to diseus~s meaeurea to 666'i at activities of counterrevolutionaries.
Mukden reported (Sept. 8.) that a report on' The lab?r reform program for prisoners
wa made at the .Nora:.; a `Qonfereneelcn ~:'blio Saf ty.
8 , -V^ Aoaeptsnoe of Communist
Foochow reported (Sept J9) that the;iocr1 New Chin ;Bookstore sold 24,500 copies of
Volume Tiro o! Mto4ee-tung'e "Selected andj4,000,000 copies of other books.
Chungking stated (Sept. 9)' that 2f,'000 U ay1.e attended a public trial of marriage
1a~ violators.
9.1(3c), Strengthening Party Controls:
Shanghai (Sept.8).broadoast,a speech by East China official Hsu Pi-yu daplaring
the: Chinese Co~auniet Party had only started tov:nrdi achievement of its goal to
build a oomletel,}r;,socialist: state; ' dictatorship pfl the proletariat, undoParty
1~eadership, was''only the I imnediate.,goal '
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10) quotee, East China official Liu Cheng-ylian as saying: "The Soviet
t
i (Se
Shan
h
.
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a
g
October Revolution brought Marxism-Leninism to China and created an example to be
emuleted. Therefore the workers in China have built a party based upon the
ideologies of Mao Tse-tung and modeled after the Bolshevik Party." The immediate
task of the party was to correct the errors of some segments of society. For
instance, the peasants thought the struggle was benefiting only the workers. The
Communist Party was the Party of the working class, but to liberate the Nation's
workers "it is necessary to liberate all mankind." Only those with a full realiza-
tion of this principle could become Party members.
Mukden announced (Sept. 11) that the Party in that area had increased propagandists
tol448,218. Peking reported in numeral code (Sept. 10) that the All-China Democratic
Women's League was undergoing a reorganization and personnel shakeup.
Wuhan said (Sept. 13) that 192 Youth Corps members had been admitted to the Communist
Party.' Shanghai reported (Sept. 8) that the South Kiangsu Party was; planning to expand
membership in Wuhsi, Wuhsien,Changchow, Chenchiang, and Changshu.
10'.',(3c) Judicial Controls:
Mukden'(Sept. 14) quoted the TUNG PEI JIH PAO in'ser,rely criticizing the methods of
the People's procurators' offices, and declaring that more active elements would
have to be employed, as "violations of discipline" constantly occurred. Tsinan
rc'~ported (Sept. 12) that courts in Lini and Itu hsien, Shantung, had failed to
implement judicial reform or correct their shortcomings.
Peking. announced (Sept. 11) that Ithe Tientsin Judicial Reform Committee had set up
three information boxes to receive complaints on, the judiciary; and (Sept. 9)
that the Central and South Government had designated Post Office Box 170 for
complaints. Wuhsi asserted (Sept. 14) that the local People's Court was undergoing
judicial reform through workers meetings and public criticism, with' court injustices
numbering 479 cases exposed, after which 32 ariong the 58 judicial personnel "demanded
to be reformed." Thirty active shop clerks and workers became judicial cadres.:
11. (3e) Agricultural remolding:
Shanghai (Sept. 10) quoted Liu Cheng-yuan as follows: "China must change its
l to'',
peasantry from the use of scythes and hoes to tractors, and from indian
collective farming if socialism! and Communism are to be realized."
announced (Sept. 81 that 224 Jehol families had organized a collective farm in',
Cheingte Hsien, the first in the,'Province, Chinchow stated (Sept. 8)' that farmers
promised to promote mutual aid teams and collective farms after they had seen
horsedrawn machinery at work on the Heishan State Farm, Liaoai.
Peking stated (Sept. 14) that bylusing Soviet implements, a unit of the People's
Liberation Army in Sungohiang Province rasped bumper crops this year. Chungking
reported (Sept. 9) that People'elLiberation Army units had been sent to the Tibetan
area of Kangting Hsien, Sikang, to build irrigation projects and develop state)
N rms
Chungking complained (Sept. 8) that in Nanpu Helen, Szechwan, peasants refused to
admit producing bumper crops, so,eadres arbitrarily named certain ones bumper-crop
producers and assessed them accordingly. Chungking added (Sept. 12) that Shang
Chang-oheng had been ordered to return the citation and prize money he had in-
correctly received as a reported! bumper crop model. Kunming (Sept. '8) quoted the
YUNNAN'JIH PAO as urging cadres to "overcome the hesitancies of the farmers,
"
especially in minority areas.
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