INDUSTRIAL INSTALLATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 1, 2011
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: August 13, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
CLASSIFICATION SECRET
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
SUBJECT Industrial Installations
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
1. One of the nain ;owls of the Hungarian government was the indus-
trialization of t,hc country. After ?+orld Bar II the government
exerted every effort not only to rebuild the factories damaged
durin,? t''e war, but to build new plants. Beginning in 1947,
Hungarian fact,r'_es, with very few exceptions, were national-
ized; at t'at time ..any smaller inde,endent factories were
m?rged. Nationalized industries looked for direction to the
Ministry for Heavy Industry, the Ministry for Light Industry,
and the :,i:intry of Alining and Power; those factories which
produced war -aterials were under the supervision of the
Ministry of .ar.. The only enterprises under direct Soviet
s-?ervisior .were those plants working on reparations for the
USSR; workers were Hungarian, the administration, Soviets.,,
Accident prevention was taken seriou::]:r in a ories and
necessary precautions were taken, but plant which
had elaborate air conditionin, or dci:ble walls around apparatus.
2. Industrially, the greatest progress was made in '.he electrifi -
cation of tie country; many new electric po::er station: were
being construo?;ed. Most industrial products have been of poop
quality since the Cotmnunists took over. Bafore the war Hungary
was famous for its leather; 0 leather was of very
poor quality and I'ard to get. According to rumor this was
becau^e hides were exported to the Soviet Union and East Germany.
TI-ere was a shortage of precision instruments, electronic
equipment, and resistarce wire in Hungary,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
in Hungary: -`"j"a --, ;iI 1iuiacturing plants
(a) Diosgyoyc. Vasmuevek (Diosgyo t Iron Works) located near
Miskolc at Dioegyol Z380 N-2044g was one of the largest
plants in Hungary. It Produced Machinery and war materials,
such as artillery. This plant was under the supervision of
the War Ministry; Hungarian officer cadres vttsited this
plant as part of their training program.
(b) Danube Iron Works (Dunaj vasmue), under construction since
-smith of B
a
t _
_i.
u
pes
Rt
(i) Debrecen Wagon and Machine Facto (Debreceni wagon is gepgyar),
located in Debrecen L 30N-21358
machine factory. , was a steel plant and
(j) Airplane factory (Ikarusz), at MatyasfoUU in the Pest region,
made automobile bodies.
(k) There was a steel plant in the coal mining district of
Salgotarjan -20477,
(1) EMAQ (possibly Egyesuelt Magyar Allami Qepayar - United
Hungarian State Machinery Plant), in the Budapest region,
produced agricultural machinery.
(a) Dimavag machine plant in the Budapest region made bicycles.
named Dunapentele),was to be a largeiron-ork employing
several thousand workers. A town was built at the project to
house employees of the plant. High school and university
students and office workers volunteered to work on this project
as laborers during holidays and summer vacation.
paid for their work; a portion of their They were
for board and they lived in tents, wages was deducted
furnace was completed and was being a big smelting
ude .
(a) Rakosi Matyan Worke
Manfred Weiss Yorks, ~wasv?,ocatedainaCaepel formerly the
Budapest. It produco? airplane and automobile motors, Motor-
cycles, and sewin1 machines. Cadmium was used at this plant in
the production of turbines. Tibor ToerOek Was in charge of the
spectral analytical laboratory at the plant.
(d) Near the town of Inota a large heavy industry plant was under
construction.
(e) W n Facto of (iyor. (Qyor., - Wagov Gyar) located at Qyo~:-
42N-17418 produced locomotives and railroad cars, and heavy
machinery.
(f) Ietvan Telki Foemuehely was a rallros4 car and locomotive
factory near Budapest.
(g) Machine factory in Ond 13N-201included a blast furnace;
it produced war maters s and artillery and was admd nistrat1vely
under the Ministry of War.
(h) Kecakemet Machine Factory (Eecskeaeti gepgyar) in aeeskemet
/655N-1947, was under the Ministry of War and produced
war materials.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
(wl A---I I. -_n
.gig, (g ?.i~ .,amour) Na" ;,tip ..:arms of a machine plant
in Budapest.
(o) Ravag was a forging and cylinder works in Budapest.
(p) Vacuum Technical Machine Factory (Vakuumtechnikai gepygar)
was under construction in Budapest.
4. The chemical industry was not highly developed in Hungary. .Al].
supplies had to be ordered six months in advance through Chemimpez,
the State importing agency. A great many of the salts came from
Bsgland. Phosphoric noid and activated charcoal were particularly
hard to get. Mercury cost 30 forints per kilo. Liquid air and
nitrogen were obtainable in Budapest. Hungary h tea but most
were imported from Yugoslavthe political
situation had any effect on this e. The following chemical
plants were located
t.q ucu in 17 t.lilgary:
(a)
Husigaria was one of the largest plants in Hungary; it had several
branches, and employees of the company in Budapest alone numbered
two thousand. The mtirn plant onminiei an entire _
Illatos ut and Ken utca, Budapest IX, H ` viuce at
eci3 Itrie ungaria-produced snl_ohnrlc
. .,~trIc aeld, heavy acids
muriati
d
,
c aci
, chlore gas,
phosphates, chlorine and chlorine compounds (by electrolysis),
metallic sodium; it also produced glue from bones. Its labor-
atory was neither large nor modern,
(1) One branch of H ngaria, located in Budateteny near Budapest,
produced rubber products, is, tires for automobiles, motor-
cycles, and bicycles, and rubber bathing caps. It also
turned out small quantities of hydrogen Peroxide (made by
electrolysis).
(2) Pet Nitrogen Works, (Peti Nitrogen Muevek), located in
Pet Z4710..N-1303], was the largest manufacturer of
phosphates in Hungai-7; I believe that this company exported
phosphates to the USSR, It also produced nitric acid in
large quantities,
(b) Ruggyanta rubber factory, on Kerepesi ut In Budapest, produced
synthetic rubber. The raw materials probably came from the
USSR.
(e)
(d)
(e)
Hrayer Varnish and Paint Factory (Krayer Lakk es Festek ayar),
located in the Csepel district of Budapest, forme,4ly got its
dyes and paints from I0 Farben. Subsequently it began producing
synthetic dyes; research on the productio
f
n o
synthetic dyes
was also carried on at this plant.
Petfuerdoe Nitrogen Works (Petfuerdoe Nitrogen Muevek), produced
nitric acid and phosphates. The plant also did research on
alkilamine synthesis.
Hydroxygen plant, located in Budapest, produced liquid oxygen,
liquid nitrogen, liquid air
and h
dro
1
,
y
gen
lVperozide. The
products were sold both in large and small quantities. The
laboratory was not large; there were about lour electrolysis
rooms, each 20-30 .a. There were about 40 electrolysis cells
in each room.
(f) The Huezfoe Laborato was do work one losives riot to 194
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
(a) Ganz Electric Factory (Ganz Villamosagi Gyar), located in
Budapest, produced electrical equipment, dynamos, and control
equipment (vezerloe berendezes), It employed some one
thousand workers.
(b) Varta factory produced accumulators; it was also in Budapest.
(c) Erdelyi es Szabo factory, located on Liliom utca, Budapest
IX, produced laboratory equipment and precision instruments,
as well as electrical measuring instruments such as Feussner
compensators.
(d) The former Calderoni Instrument factory was absorbed by
Erdelyi es Szabo factory, which came under the supervision
of the Ministry of Light Industry.
(e) A small plant in Budapest managed by Eng Zelenka produced
equipment for measuring dielectric constant. I_t_ -ay ha._.c
beer. absorbed by the Erdelyl es Szabo factory. u
(f) The United Incadescent Lamp Works - Tungsram Complex -
(Egyesuelt Izzolampa Gyar) in Ujpest, may not have been
nationalized because of the Swiss capital invested in it.
This factory had one of the largest and most modern labora-
tories in Hungary, There were some ore thousand workers
employed by the factory. An employee, Antal Budincevics,
produced a Geiger counter, but he was rot able to make the
tubes for it, Radio tubes were manufactured at this plant.
Within the at three years, the telecommunications research
laboratory (Tavkoezlesi Kutato Laboratorium) was set up.
Little was kncwr about its operation since it worked on
secret projects under the direction of the War Ministry.
The factory produced light bulbs, oscillographs, electron
tube instruments, radio tubes and null balance instruments,
(a rew product of the factory); these instruments were not
produced in Hungary before the war. Research was also done
on the more economical use of tungsten filaments in bulbs.
(g) Electric Meters Factory (Elektromos meroemueszerek gyara),
Budapest, produced laboratory equipment, precision instru-
ments, electric measuring instruments, ie, ampere meters,
volt meters, capacity meters, Ohm meters. It employed
score 500 workers,
(h) Medical Instrument Factory (orvosi mueszer gyar), Budapest,
produced medical instruments.
(1) Standard factory in Budapest produced telephone equipment,
radio tubes, and the radio receiver, Nepredio, (people's
radio) which sold for 400 forints.
6. Electrification of all Hungarian villages has been envisaged
in the five year plan by the end of 1956, and many power
stations were being constructed. Power stations were located
or under construction at the following places:
(a) Barhida ZT735?%_1824E7 in Transdanubit,
(b) Matra mountains (under construction),
25X1
25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
-5-
(0) Tiazaloek (under construction),
W7:` Tnnt._ south of
- -- ------ -1 L4uarWpL. sunder construction).
7. Be1ow?are listed several other installations; I have no further
information concerning them.
(a) Rutter, near Budapest, procassed seeds from sunflowers, flax,
and poppies for oil.
(b)` Goldberger Textil Gyar in LaJos Utca in Obuda was the largest
textile plant in Hungary; there were several other textile
factories in Gyoer, Szeged Z4615N-20097, and Budapest.
(o) Wolffner, the largest leather factory in Hungary, was located
in Ujpest. The products manufactured by this company were of
poor quality, although the same factory, prior to the Communist
regime, had a world wide reputation for the excellent quality
of its products.
(d)? Metullokemia was a non-ferrous- te! p1=
region. --- Me " .` t in iile Budapest
(~s) The Hungarian-American Oil Compans? (Maort-Magyar-Amerikai Olaf
Reezveny Tareasag) which has been nationalized, was located
in Southwest Hungary.
(f) The Dreher distillery, located in Koebanya in Budapest, also
Made chocolate and candy.
($) One of the largest candy and chocolate factories in the country
was located in Oyor ; there were also chocolate factories in
Budapest and Szeged. Chocolate was very rare in Hungary.
25X1 II
25X1 1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030004-4