PHARMACY PRACTICES IN THE LATVIAN ARMY/UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA IN RIGA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600030364-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 2, 2011
• Sequence Number: 364
• Publication Date: March 5, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION u0 s'FIDEId
CEivTKAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
i~1F~RMA~'IC?IV F3EP?RT
DATE DISTR. a'' ''
SUBJECT Pharmacy Practices in th=_ Latvian A.rmy~ NO.~JF PAGES 4
University cF Latvia in Riga
.PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
DA'ffi CF IH
ivu. Ur ttVC;L~.
IUSTCD BEIC,WI
SUPPLEMENT 'r0
REPQR'f N0.
Pharmacy Pzaeticee in the La+viaa Army
1. Every male L tila~a citizen, who had ranched the age of 21, ~e sub,~ect to
compulsory military service in the army. During panes timer the L-tvian
Army ras composed oP the followi*sg: 1) a ;,ar~aaeat cadre, including a) otficars
and soldiers oa active duty,, end b) ir+sJuctors on voluntary extended dutyj
2) army coascriptr (l~ to 18 months).
~? A similar division existed is the medical or pkurmacsutical tields? Phy~iciaas,
pharmacists, dentists, sad vateriaar'sn9, i e~otticere in the medical ee~rvich,
~?~re coas~dered oa active military duty. Medical asristaatr, ircludiag
teldsherr and u sirtaat pharmacists, i e~ instructors is the oedical service,
ti-era on voluntary extended duty, Trsiaed assistant tel4shers and medical rerrice
attar,~~nats ;ad littwr l~ewrerr sere conscripted Sate ssrvieo.
j. The Ltviaa Army provided direct training only for the loan: levels of meQiesl
personaeis military telarherr sad orderlies. Phi~siciaas, pharrsleirts, de:tiet~,
anfl voteireiAbro sass s:n~.verslty graQu~tee.
k? each year a certain number of aer army conscripts .are trained Tor the aedical
service. nor this purpose, persons rith sa appropriate geaezal education and
some suitable prerfow experience (pharmacist's a reatices
attsad~ats, etc) sere chorea. After completing th~i basic mili~itralaiagpital
course (2-3 months), ;raineer rare seat to isedical courses held by the Riga
Military Hospital rhich provided the tolloring theoretical and practical training:
a. structure sad functions of the principal parts of the humaa
organism (anatoesy and physiologq)
b. general knowledge of diseases sad ia3urie^
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C. drea3ln? of wUlLaa -
d. fractures and sprains
e. preparation and use of medicines
i. cmre o= the sick and wounded
g. medical service on the battlefield
h. first aid in case of accidsLts or sudden illness
i. general knowledge of hfgiene
,~. Latin language
The duration of the course was 5~ to 6 months. Medical service trnineea who
completed the course successfully were assigned to individual army units for
practical work n6 assistant feldehers. Tn this way trnineea could reviev and
supplement the knowledge acquired during the acorns. Safore being re lensed
cram military servicr. (after about 10 months of practical work)a and with the
approval of the unit physician, the trainees cold take att exraminaticn zor the
rank of teldsher. TeatF weze 31ven on the same sub~ecte as before but required
more theoretical and Practical kaoxladge. After successful completion of the
teats, the trainee acquired she rank of military feldsherp and, if a vacancy
xere available, he could remain on extended duty ae a faldsher o: pharmacist's
assistant. The latter (i e~phnrmaciat'e assistants) received addltioaal train-
ing in pharmaceutical work (about 2 months) ?la the main pharmmcy of the military
medical depot, litter bearers and attenC.ante were trainsd by x're medical ~+ff7?cer
of the unit.
E. University graduates (military service could be dcYorred for the pu~^poea of
completing one's uaiverrity education), including physiciaan, pharmacirtr,
dentists, and veterinarialntrfha had completed the basis military training eourre
sad the practical training in as instructors' cue,any, wa:a cant to a 6-montk~r
course for arriataat medical offieere. Asairtaat median] officerr+~ho had
comyletad thalr regular military duty eou'!d remain la the army (it a vacancy
ware erailabla) ar medical otYScez~r.
7? Ranh military unit, i o,os:n regiment r~r nell ar individual battalioar, had a
foidrherror~irrirtant ?hiarmaoi~rt.helfaraotier wars unaer~t~ s~rvin~da of a
phyriolaa. Mediafuir, ^urQioai dresriadri and, medioai iupylias~ xore :aoeive~i
rcm the army medioal dayot. Zaoh military unlc sear ali~tted a csrtRia nord
of supplier, whioh gar deliverrd ~+egularly every throe moathr~. In amorgaray
oarer, additiorul ruppiier oould be rrquartod at any Lima ao! the standard norm
oould be exceeded.
8. ~upervirion olpqualiFieO. ppharmacirta ~medias onioori)~mad~t:ri b~aaat phsermaoi:tr.
9? The higher auihcrity is the military medioai rervioe var reprrrented by the
military medioal admiairtratioa sad iihe pharmsoy iaepeotor.
10. The Latvian Army provided Sree medi,~al oars foe iaaily meobero of army peraoaaei~
thir aeaeraitated rtriot ruper:irion sad aocouatiaq, The pharmacy iaapsotor
ruperviaed the vork o! army pharmsoler, lMdioal supplies ~'or the military
medioai depot vere purobared sad deiiverrd direotly by the mediosl admlaL tratioa
sad the military pharmsoy Saapeotor.
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11. There were private pharmacies for the *_~eeds of the civilian population. The
number of pharmacies wen determined according to distances and the number of
inhabitants. There were also wholesale medicine stores, medicinal herb nurseries,
ani: laboratories.
~'? Lnt~r, the system of socialized medicine (hedlth insuranrPl
be`=TP "i'1??pr-==? ~yccl6i pharmacies existed Within this sytem. E~rery
salaried employee (or worker} and his family carried health insurance.
i3. There were special phsrmacy laws and regulations; the Pharmacy Administration
and ice auditors supervised the observance of such laws.
University of Latvia in Riga
14. The Polytechnical Institute in Riga was founded in 1862. It Was reorganized
oa 2 Aug 19, and on 28 Sep 19 the Minister of Education K (tae reone announced
the opening of the Latvian University. It was expanded an 23 r The
Latvian Parliament adopted the Conetituticn of the Latvian University, w5ich
made it an autonomous institution with a right to decide its own affairs.
15. The Latvian University had the following faculties find departm?na,;? ~ ?'~-
. L- ~s
A.
Architecture
B.
Philology and philosophy
C.
Engineering Sciences
~.) bepartment of r.ngineering :icienc^s
2) Department of Land improvement
D.
Chemistry
S]) Ghemistry Department
? Pharmaceutics Department
E.
F
AgricLlture
(l) Agrieultura Department )later reorganizad ae the Agricultural
2 Fbreetry Department )Achdemy in Yelgava
,
~
,
Afathematic^ and fiatural 8ciencee
1 Mathematicu Department
3~ IPntural 8ciencee Department
0,
Mechanics
H.
Madiciae
1 Medicine Department
~2 Dentistry Department
I,
Folitioal Hcoaomy aaC Law
1 Political Hooaomy Dapartmsat
3 Le Department
J.
Theoicsy, Mich a g~maa Gathoiio Th~olsgy Department
K,
Vateriaary Medicias
l6. Tha Latvian Unt,vereity oca4Fie~ several builGia~e. The wain buiidiaa, st Rsiaa
bulvarir 19, Man a atone bu{iditia (1666.1885), elhich ha3 bean rebuilt sad expanded
several times, Zt oooupie~ the amity blook betxeea R~liua b~?:,~~ris, Mer~e3s Lela,
Ar~hitektu Sala sad iaaeaieru leis, Dusing th, ~vriod of Latvian iadepeadaace,
a saw buildiaa was erected on the university Rrouadej it eoataiasd as aaditoriuaa for
1,200 peoyle sad oloakrooms for 2000 atudoats. The buildia~ o! the ehomietry
tacaity has at t(ronval~la bulvarie 4j it xaa built is 1d99-1901. Thin Boas a
3-story atone buildiadj a fourth story xye adde3 is 1935-1937? Otter buildia~s
ve?e located ae foiloxe~ Medieai Faculty buildia~ at tCroavaida bulyarie 9J
Va,.eriaary 1ledioine building at Paraavas ie s 19i the buiidiai o! the ARioulture
Faculty at JO:oavalda bulvarir lj ldattsems-tics sad ngtuTal Sciences at Alberta
refs lUj Admin.etrativa Coc~acil at Hataiaaa refs S. The uei.veraity 2.ad as
aBricuituzai traiaiaa farm in Veeauce; it i'cl,~~ed s aursary for medioinai herbs,
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