EVALUATION OF: (A) MEDICAL BOOK ON INTRATRACHIAL ANESTHESIA; (B) THREE ISSUES OF THE JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY; (C) TWO ISSUES OF CLINICAL MEDICINE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060204-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2011
• Sequence Number: 204
• Publication Date: August 5, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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CL ASS!F!CATION ^w WIDZITYIAT -
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
USSR
Evaluation oft (a) 1(edical Book on Intratrachial
SUBJECT Anesthesia;
(b) Three Issues of the "Journal of
PLACE Neuropathology and Psychiatry";
`.
ACQUIRED (c) Two Issues of "Clinical Medicine"
ACQUIRED BY SOURCE I REPORT NO.
N0. OF ENCLS.
!LISTED BELOW)
25X1 SUPPLEMENT TO
Z -Source vae furnished with copier of the following and asked to
comment s
1. TZE(1iIIA DRVHMIQ .OGO ROX07A by Ye N $esh alkin
Iledgia, lbscow 1953 t16B pages)
II. ZHtl1 LtL W'MPASOI GII I PBIWA'1RII im. 8 8 Zorsakova
Vol LIII, No 11, Novesber 1953
in. ZUAL w *AT OGU 1 P82Zr-rATRII is. 8 8 [oreakova
Vol LIII, So 12, Dee meter 1953
IV. ZNMIAL IR MG= n I P8I?TATBII is, 8 8 Zarsakove
Vol LIV, 8o 1, January 195k
V. Q.UIAL =IS=
Vol. ZMI, Be 11, 1o * er 1953
T. XMIZINOWL&TA 111220a&
Vol mI; Jo 22, DeeesDer 1953,
QLASSIFICATION COWMMWM
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1. In US terminology the technique described in this book would be called
intratrachial anesthesia. It is a very interesting and valuable book.
I was very pleasantly zurp.ised to find the usual political remarks com-
pletely absent and actually the book could have been written in any
scientifically advanced western country. It is concerned with a very
important widely discussed problem in the general field of anesthesia. It
gives a very detailed account of the methods used and it is illustrated
by many pictures, tables and diagrams.. It contains not only a thorough
discussion of the theoretical side of the problem but also offers many
practical suggestions.
2. As is; of course, well known this method of anesthesia is rather difficult
to perform and must be used only by experienced specialists who have the
proper equipment. It has become a very popular technique in contemporary
times and is quite in uensable in many kinds of operations particularly
those involving the .,_- cavity, the larynx, the esophagus, the lungs or
the heart. It his many advantages over conventional inhalation methods,
particularly because the amount of ether or other anesthetic given to the
patient may be precisely calculated and its supply strictly regulated
irrespective of the respiratory movements of the patient, and also
because the oxygen supply may be continually maintained at the desirable
level.
3. Over 100 year.. ago the famous physician Pirogcv recommended the use of
tracheotomy for this purpose. Later his proposal was supported by
Trendelenburg (German, Snow (US or UK) and others. In the 1880's I4ucCune
and er introduced a method of intubation perfected at the beginning
of the 20th century by Kuhn, Mashin, Melzer, Auer, Waters, Magill and
others. The author quotes many non-Russian works in this field, including
the books of Gillespie (1950) Lundy (1945) and Flagg (1946). He also
furnishes at t e end of the book a complete bibliography of Soviet
contributions
4. The first chapter of the book is concerned with the general principles of
intubation anesthesia. In it the author describes the open, semi-closed
and closed methods, indicating his preference for the latter two.
5. Chapter two gives a very detailed description of the rather complicated
apparatus necessary for this technique. The author mentions specifically
the cpparati of Danovich, Starkov and Arapov which apparently are the most
popular in the USSR pages 142-55).
-
6. Chapter three is devoted to the technique of this form of anesthesia,
especial'.y the first stage of the technique namely the induction of the
anesthesia. He gives three Liffoerent schemes for this and a aluates
their 'dvantages and disadvantages (pages 72-73)-
7- In c"ne.pter four is found a very detailed description of the various methods
of intubation itself namely by mouth or nose, visual, tactile or by
groping, with or without laryngoscope or bronchoscope. In chapter four
the author also discusses possible errors to be avoided by anyone using
this technique.
8. In chapter five he discusses the in ingredients of the anesthesia itself.
Re states that the average mixture is as follow ; ether: 14.4 grass,
n^;trous oxide: 24.6 liters and oxygen: 30.2 liters per hour. These figures
refer to the mixture used only in the closed method.
9. Chpttr six describes the bi0mechanics of surgical pneumothorax, athelectasis
etc. during intrathoracic operations performed under anesthesia ads inietered
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CONFIDENTIAL
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10. Chapter seven is concerned with the management of the post-anesthesia
period. Statistical data are furnished based on 700 operations in which
the intubation method was used. Pulmonary complications were observed
in 16.3 per cent. pneumonia in 4.3 per cent. (If the time under
anesthesia lasted more than two hours, the percentage of pulmonary
complications rose to 20.4 per cent) Death due to the anesthesia itself
occurred in 0.4 per cent. These few fatalities were caused by
technical errors on the part of the anesthetist.
11. Finally, I should mention that according to the author this form of
anesthesia is the preferred method in one of the best surgical hospitals
in Moscow and is used frequently not only for thoracic operations but
also in abdominal and other operations involving "poor risk" patients.
II. ZHURNAL MEVROPATOLOGII - PSIKHIATRII im S S Korsakova
Vol LIII, No 11, Nover'.;,_ 1953-
12. The opening editorial in this journal, as might be expected, is concerned
with the 36th anniversary of the October Revolution. It contains the
usual material encountered in this kind of editorial. I was, however,
interested to note that the editorial is heavily sprinkled with compliments
for the Chinese. The other so-called People's Democracies, including
North Korea and Mongolia, are also praised.
13. There are a number of highly specialized articles in this issue. For
example, on page 840 is a discussion of the hearing ability, as shown
by audiograms, of patients suffering from auditory hallucinations (N F Baskina).
On page 847 is an analysis of depersonalization in schizophrenia (S L Levin).
On page 854 is an article dealing with plethysmographic studies during
hypnosis (Yu A Lovorinski ). This last is a very popular field in the USSR.
Page 873 is an article E I Raudam and L I Ku dma) which discusses the
asymmetry of reflectory leukocytosis as observed in the arms. On page 878
!4. On page 882 is an article by E S Arutyunov describing a "reflexometer" used
for the measurement of knee jerk. The device was new to me but its
value is open to question.
15. This issue also contains two political articles which I found interesting.
The first, by V K Beletskiy, is a criticism of a number of scientivts who
hold, according to the author, "idealistic theories In problems of neuroglia."
T,.,e article furnishes no basis for this criticism. The second rolitical
article is a rather interesting report on the International Physicians'
Congress held in Vienna in May 1953. An might be expected it is mostly
a question of the bar capitalist scientists versus the good Marxist
scientists. The author found it d.iffic.ult, however, to put much blame on
bourgeois scientists so he limits himself to a rather short criticism for
some reason aimed particularly at Greeks and Italians. H.:! later quotes
reports of a number of Western scientists who, according to the author,
at the congress painted very sad pictures of living conditions in their
respective countries, particularly among the working classes. The
scientists he quotes include the following (spellings are transliterated
Russian): bra-Danis (Portugal); Nonkward (Denmark); Ve?-11'-alle (France);
irara (Guadeloupe ; Ballm (India);aako (Argentina ; de Sa Pires (Brazil).
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16. On page 906 is a most interesting letter written to the editor of the
Journal by P.'Ye Vishnevskiy, whose name is not familiar to me, In it
Vishnevskiy states that he has worked in the field of psychiatry for 26
years and that he has been an admirer of Pavlov since the beginning and
at one time even worked with Pavlov himself. But, he enntin"es, he
now feels both astonished and displeased to see that during recent years
there have been attempts at what he calls the "reconstruction" of psychiatry
based on Pavlov's doctrines with the help of numerous quotations from
Marxism and natural science classics. Actually he believes that this
surplus of assorted quotations is found in the works of writers in this
field merely to make up for the lack of factual material in their work
and that such writers, by insisting on the incontrovertibility of such
quotations, are attempting to terrorize possible future critics who might
reveal this lack. Especially disgusting he believes is the so-called
Pavlov's"Doctrine of Schizophrenia" which in 1950 replaced the classical
conceptions of Krepelin and Bleuer after a "historical conference". This
metamorphosis, he says as supported -nly by numerous quotations of
doubtful value. Any nz., however, who dil not agree was accused of being
a reactionary, esre-iially by the editors to whom he addressed his letter.
He follows these statements with numerous examples.
17. The editor's answer to this letter is very vague. They state merely that
they wish to avoid discord, that the question of schizophrenia is a very
complicated one and needs further scientific investigation. They agree,
however, that scientists should not be required to obey orders covering
their research activities, and that valuable contributions can be made in
science only by the exchange of free opinions.
18. This is an extraordinary letter. The fait that it was published in this
journal may very well indicate that a new scientific party line is being
established. I have noted in the US press the criticism by Sobolev of
Soviet physics professors who have neglected the theories of Einstein.
Similarly, the US press has carried stories about criticism of even senko
and kov. The fact that these men and now even Pavlov himself have been
criticized certainly shows that some change is occurring.
III. ZHURN&L NEVROPATOLOGGII I PSIMIATRII in S S Korsakova
Vol. LIII, No 12, December 1953
19. Vas issue starts with a very detailed summary by V N Morozov of the work
of P R Oennushkin who died about 20 years ago. Needless to say in this
discussion there are no quotations from his best-known work which was entitled
"Premature Mental Invalidism Caused by the Peculiarities of the Soviet
Regime" The article does mention briefly this "false conception" of
Oannushkin but states that he later repented and confessed his errors. This,
of course, was not so. Gennushkin was greatly persecuted and he died very
suddenly when he was only about 60. It was supposed at the time that he
had been poisoned.
20. The issue contains a large number of very short specialized articles. On
page 922 there is, for example, an analysis by S I ~Kogn of the hypochondriacal
status. An article on page 935 (!u O Kozlov) descr attempts at the
treatment of this condition with intravenous novocain infections. I mention
this article because I remember tack in the 1930' a that eoerenskw d
Vishnevskiy proposed a method of lumbar ncvocaiu blockade for the treat-
ment of certain neurological conditions. All t teachers at that time were
very skew;ical about this method. Noi,adgys, of course, lumbar novocain
blockades are routine in the US, Nevertheless, the au'.nor of this particular
article was very reserved about his findings.
U. On page 942 is an article by A 8 Nel'kumova and N I Strel'tsova describing
attempts to treat hypertensive disease with = ncvocain blockade of the glomus
caroticum. The authors feel that in may cases pressure can be effectively
lowered by this treatment. An article on pag.+. 957 by Te A Orlova describes
changes in the prcthrombin time in nary nervous disorders. On page 967 in
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a very interesting paper by Vu 8 Yusevich on clinical elect-o-myography
describing electromyogrephic examinations of muscles in normal people and
patients with such conditions as parkinsonism.
H. ZZRJJRNAL NEPROPATOIAGII I PSIK6fIATRII in S S Korsakova
Vol LIV, No 1, January 195+
22. This particular issue contains many articles concerned with sleep therapy.
Theoretical involves many
difficultie fl spite of
these difficulties, however, invest ors continue their efforts and
the field looks more favorable now. In this series of articles on sleep therapy
descriptions are given for different varieties. The authors distinguish
between amytal sleep "conditioned powders" (Placebo), monotonous light
sleep, monotonous sound sleep and electric sleep (as distinguished from
electric shock.) A later article mentions routine amytal sle therapy used
In 99 cases of schizophrenia. Good results were obtained in 60 per cent
of these cases.
23. There are a number of short articles concerned with biochemical examinations
such as electroencepbalography and chronaxy, all during therapeutic sleep.
As far as I was concerned, however, nothing particularly interesting is
discussed.
24. On page 55 is a very detailed review of La Raison (no 2-5), a French
psychopathological journal. This French Journal would appear to be 100
per cent Communist, very strongly pro-Soviet and anti-US. On page 65 is
an article which describes a conference of Soviet scientists at which the
use of electric shock treatment was discussed. Although some of the
participants were against it, most believedit to be very valuable.
V. KLINICE8KATA MITSINA
Vol WI, No 11, November 1953
25. This issue starts with an editorial on the 36th anniversary of the October
revolution but perhaps surprisingly contains no criticism of the US. The
balance of the issue is devoted to a aeries of specialized articles
few of which I found very significant. They can be summarized as follows:
a. On page seven is a discussion concerned with the
clinical importance o adequate optic chronaxy. According to the
authors, 0 P Kufareva and A I.:.anda, this helps with the diagnosis
of many internal diseases.
b. On pegs 18 is a detailed analysis by w A Z un and P V
Sinunov of various forms of sleep therapy.
c. On page 29 is a very interesting article by N I Krakovskiy
and f V Nazina on what happens to novocain after its injection
into the body. The metabolic changes it undergoes, its excretion,
etc.
d. On page 35 is an article by A F Platonova-Petrovskays and
R V Ruda which recommends treating acute hepatitis with a Soviet
drug called histidin. This is an amino acid and the authors
claim good results with it.
e. An article on page 40 claims good results in the treatment
of pernicious anemia with another new Soviet drug called antianemin.
This drug is apparently similar to Vitamin b12 being a combination
of liver extract and cobalt salts.
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f. On page 44 is an article by M Yu Roninson describing the
clinical importance of serological and virological examination
procedures in the diagnosis of hepatitis. 1 have not seen anything
in this field in US literature but the argument seems sound.
g. On page 52 is a rather insignificant article by G V
Osechenakaya pointing out that penicillin has no effect on the blood,
clotting process.
h. On page 57 is a discussion by F R Gol'dberg of the importance
ofcphthalmoscopic examinations of the eye-ground vessels in cases
of hypertensive disease, Soviet authors, incidentally, distinguish
between four types of this disease: pre-hypertensive, functional,
intermediary and organic.
I. On page 62 is a very peculiar article by N V Btrov
recommending court ;ed pathogenetic treatment of various diseases.
The combination rQr:ommended includes novocain blockade, Filatov'
transplantation and sleep treatment.
J. An article on page 66 by 0 8 Glozman and A P Kasatkina
describes the very delicate procedure i.:olved in exchange blood
transfusions which are, of course, used for such conditions as
RH negative infants. The editors note the many difficulties and dan-
gers in this procedure and caution the reader not to use it
improperly.
k. On page 80 an article by F K Men'shikov furnishes statistics
on gastric ulcers in the city of Kursk. I was interested to note
that the frequency of ulcers in Kursk showed an increase during World
War II and Further that the acidity of gastric juices in the patients
examined was loss during the war than it was before or after it.
VI. KLINICHESKAYA MSDITZINA
Volx XI, No 12, December 1953
26. The first article of any interest to me in this issue is found on page 12.
It is by N V N'.aolayeva and describes the treatment of essential polyerythemia
with radio-active phosphorus. Although this may be a new procedure to the
Soviets, it was of course originally proposed in the US 14 years ago.
27. An article on page 19 by N U- Somova and N F Gerasimmva describes a new
agglutination test in pulmonary tuberculosis.
28. On page 24 Ye I Shthutskaya describes a new drug named Wlzonieacid? which
in combination with streptomycin is used for the routine treatment of
pulmonary tuberculosis. The usual treatment for this condition involves
a combination of streptomycin and para-amincsal'_cylic a?>ld (PASA). It
may be that Izoniacid is merely a replacement for the PISA but if so, it
is not so identified in the text.
29. I was very interested in an article on page 31 describing the treatmenC
of tuberculous meningitis. The author uses drastic streptomycin treatment
involving anywhere from 30-100 injections (both intramuscular and intra-
lumbar) plus PASA and vitamins. In the article it is claimed that if this
treatment is started within the first five days, 54 per cent, of the
patients recover. This is better than tE statistics on tnis disease.
The article also states, hovevei, that if this treatment is delayed for
16 days or ware only one per cent recover.
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C01VFIDENTI-AL
30. On 7
Page 36 is
so-.called " article by Ye B Meve
non-collapsing cavernsp the A
question genokhin on the treatment of
Apparently the Soviets n
the accepted treatment This i3 a In the uS.
av recommend resection- it is difficult
tocr eried by MhP aouel poor This article, incidaat~itt if course,
to as night in Madriduallt ys:1ay Pl at es Which v e always ,.aed
31. art"" on Pug, An tuberculoun 46 by Ye v Mirtovsr_._
of ubere +rhaciinitis of ~~-+L describes the c
The author describes the abdomen. This is finical Picture
approximately the same as that many cases but
hie a very tra:herous
32. On appearing in US deecriptio, is
Page 51 an article b literature.
"functional br'Onch? Y 8 A Oganesyan describes the
breathing. I believe thYA during both inspiration ande`hnique
various lung technique is of of so-called
n8 conditions but importance expiration phases of
I have not seen it described ns diagnosis of
33. An article on
but this Page 5' ~scusses the
In literature.
Problem has been prevention of
34? exhausthee On Y discussed Post-transfsion he
page 61 is an in literature.
the f patitis
by adeno-tri-phosphoric article by Z M Belova describing acid
this
this amour biochemist paraa irecaeo1e contraction th As IIorreema mbesrinplayed
any, drug ao in cases angina. mended trying the a 1939
particularly s aauggestive Actually I tried dministre but of
went may be a results This article at this reports ttime tut Wtrethout
only out that successful t the s an n many as
at-
Points ubsta
35 50 Per cent of the cases buthis treat- in the clinic. is not harmless and Should be also
. On page 72 is a4Liaistered
treatment an article by 8 I Ashbel1 of bronchial asthma Wig and Z Y Sharoao
l aerosols. The describi
admiaistr~tion sponging US
bode used describing the
very
Methods. T12(' identify. dimeof dimedroiand ciln ytthicle is recommends the
drrl penicillin 36. I did not find y but it may be a bronchi elsdilator onaboe to
suggestive. the balance of the art,,c` , of some sort,
eS in this issue particularly
-end..
I IBRAF y SUBJECT ANL AREA .CL`S
640.02
614.44 N N
640.j0i N
644.5 N
610,7 N
644.61 N
645 N
614.4 N
644.1 N
N
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