ENGINEER MATROSOV'S ANCHOR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060219-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 17, 2011
• Sequence Number: 219
• Publication Date: August 1, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/18: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060219-3 -
50X1-HUM-
CLASSIFICATION S E C E T
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT
NO. OF PAGES 3
PLACE
NO. OF ENCLS. I
ACQUIRED
(LISTED BELOW)
DATE.
SUPPLEMENT TO
ACQUIRED
REPORT NO.
50X1-HUM
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1. Much importance is given to the anchor in the Soviet fleet. The holding
power, its benavior from the mament it is dropped from the ship to the
time it acquires complete holding ability, plays a decisive role in
determining the quality of the anchor.
2. Although there are many fore. of anchors, they can be divided into two
groups. To the first group belong all anchors whose stocks cannot be
drawn into the hawsepipe and which dig into the ground with only one
fluke. The other group includes all anchors which do not have a stock
and which dig into the ground with two flukes.
3. The admiralty anchor which belongs to the first group is must widely
used. This anchor penetrates into the ground very well and has a hold-
ing power which is equal to 15 time the weight of the anchor and is
easy to handle. Hove'ier, in the case of a long fluke much difficulty
is encountered in drcpping and recovering the anchor and the fluke which
protrudes out of thc, ground, sometimes catches on the bottoms of passing
ships or on anchor cables of other ships and also frequently daeages
fishing nets. With progress in shipbuilding technology the admiralty
anchor does not satisfy all the demands required of it as a holding ap-
paratus. New anchor designs were originated which belong to the second
group. These anchors do not have long flukes and can easily be drawn
into the havaepipe.
The navy and the merchant fleet predominantly use the Hholl (Hall) anchor
which belongs to the second group and all Eholl-type anchors meet
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/18: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060219-3
All-union cords.
5, The anchors of e second group have 1?1ide-spaced flukes. This construc-
tion feature did not justify the expectotions of the designers. The
ability of the Anchor was disproved in practice. In reality the resis-
t.arce -f the nund or each fluke proved different because of the non-
unifor:nity of the ,'round. The result of this that, when the anchor
cable receives :its. :iixiinum stress, a rotating -orce couple is set up
which tends to twist the anchor loose from the Lrouncl, depriving it of
its holding ability until it again digs into the -ro,Lnd. This maneuver
is repeated. This circumstance explains the low holding; ability of the
10holl (HHall) - type anchor which has a holding power of only four to
five t;nes its own weight.
Engineers and designers have frecuently thought about improving; the
anchor design.
7. The anchor proposed by Engineer (fnu) Mlatrosov, in comparative tents
under various natural conditions, proved significantly better than, all 50X1-HUM
other anchors. In order to simplify production of the anchor, Engineer
'a`crosov nroposed_a welded variant of the retractable anchor of increased
Flukes (7) adjoin the stem (1) on ---e :e. LL,
^ ent. from
I
s
h
e
this drawing, in contrast to the previous anchor aesi. ns, ,,
placed as close together as possible. For the pturpose of increasing
the rigidity, the flukes (7) are reinforced with ribs (6). The edges of
the surfaces of the flukes (7) are beveled so that they will better cut
into the ground. In the lower p t of the fluke, approximately one-third
of the distance from the base, are the rods (3) with flanges (4) (stock
flanges) at their ends which prevent the anchor from overturnin. ':3slaa
the rods (3) are adjoined two brackets which assist the flukes to dig
into the :ground. Because the axis of the rods (3) are located above the
axis of the swivel (joint) of the stem (1), it has become possible to
equalize the holding ability of the anchor in various types of ,;round.
H. In soft, sandy-muddy ground the anchor, with its rods and Ala fee, digs
in and thus increases it- holding power. In fir: and in pebble rounds,
the position of the joints, as shown on the drawing, increases the sta-
bility of the anchor and keeps it from ovortarni'!,,.
9. The approximation of the axis to a line passing throu:;h the gravitational
center of the flukes contributes to the initial nuick h syirr; of the
anchor into the -round and the moving of the flukes on the side joints.
The eccantric position of the joint of the stem in r 1, lion to the --.::is
of the stock contributes to this condition.
10. F perimonts showed thct i'atrosov's anchor ste:.i :c ''cd. tile ship Lickker
and safer with a better burying of the anchor into ;round with no
overturning.
11. With increased pull the anchor plows both a strai,:ht and a zigzag furrow,
depending upon the direction of the pulling force d:_gs deeper and
deeper and submerges entirely into the around, hr.- increasing its hold-
ing ability. The following comparative table oU tt:e maxJ-mum holding
power of anchors obtained in tests under the on c natural conditions
graphically illustrates the superiorities of h',: freor i-aatrosov's anchor
over all other types of anthers!
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/18: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060219-3
Type of
Maxi
mum holding power of the
anchor in units to be
multi-
Ground
plh
thn
~ Hi i
ra ty Mat
roaov
Mad silt
Fi
4.8
5.3
23.9
rm sand
L
2.3
7.5
51.5
arge stones
;t
S.6
23.8
45.3
As is apparent from this table the holding ability of Matrosov's anchor
in muddy ground is five times that of the Kholl anchor and more than
four times that of the Admiralty anchor. Similar observation can be
made with other types of ground. At the same time the merchant fleet
was given an order to adopt this system gradually.
12. The Matrosov anchor system began to be used more widely in 1950. It was
at this time that the merchant fleet was ordered to make a gradual adap-
tation of this system.
Enclosure: (A) Sketch of Matroaov'a Anchor with legend.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/18: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600060219-3
ENCLOSURE (A) SECRET
SKETCH OF MATROSOV'S ANCHOR WITH LEGEND
Legend:
1. Stem (shank)
2. Hinge pin
3. Fluke stock
4. Stock flange
5. Check fins
6. Fin web (rib)
7. Outward fin
8. 1--rd fin
9. Bracket (. t plate)
10. Shouldn elbow or angle bracket
11. Knee (bracket)
12. Cleat (baffle plate)
13. Shackle
14. Shackle p!n
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