ECONOMIC - COMMUNICATIONS, TRANSMITTERS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600140231-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 14, 2011
• Sequence Number: 231
• Publication Date: March 29, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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REPORT
CD NO.
DATE OF
DATE DIST. Mar 1952
NO. OF PAGES 12
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
DATA ON THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION
OF RAD *T '~F~IO GDR
The former Nauen central radio station is to be reconstructed during
the period 1951 - 1955, to operate at its former capacity. Some of the build-
ings are still intact and will be improved. The following construction proj-
ects are planned for Nauen:
1951: Erection of a 100-kilowatt medium-wave radio transmitter, to
be denignaa "Berlin." It is to be constructed by the W8 RFT (Federation of
People-Owned Enterprises for Radio and Telecommunications), Koepenick Plant.
This project Involves the construction of a complete trensititter installation,
a 250-meter-high radio beam tower, a reserve antenna. and a diesel-operated
reserve emergency power unit. A 2-kilowatt output stage is also to be con-
structed as a reserve unit for the 100-kilowatt Berlin transmitter; this re-
serve transmitter will be given the designation "Zwilling" (Twin).
1951 - 1952: A 50-kilowatt short-wave transmitter; a double side-
band transmitter for telephone and telegraph service to the Far East; a direc-
tional antenna.
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CONTROL/us OFFICIALS ONLY
CiASSIF".CATION S-E-C-R-E-T
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1953 1954: A 50-kilowatt single or double side-band transmitter
for telephone, telegraph, and teletype service; several directional antennas.
Although this project has often been started, it has always been postponed.
To date, no information is available.
A diesel-operated emergency power plant;. its required capacity
1952 - 14: A 50-kilowatt single or double side-band short-wave
transmitter for diplomatic radio communications.
1955: A 10-kilowatt transmitter of above type.
1951: A decimeter-wave connecting beam from the Nauen radio station
to the Ber in trunk exchange, Wilhelmstrasse. The necessary RV-82 equipment,
former iVBIPY'@@a.Gilt equipment, lm to be g+e e.~u vcc-:. ..~ t,.d gy e? ~"--w
the Sachsenwerk), a subsidiary of SAG Kabel (Soviet Corporation for Cable Pro-
duction).
2. Connecting Beam From Doeberitz to the Berlin Trunk Exchange, Wilhelm-
strasse
Construction or the connecting-beam antennas in Doeberiti and at th
Berlin trunk exchange was completed by the end of 1950. The RV-82 equipment
was delivered only recently.
This beam will at first be operated on an experimental basis. later,
it will go into full operation, to relieve the Berlin trunk exchange - Doe-
beritz trunk cable of some of its traffic. As yet there has been no practical
experience in this field.
3. Potsdam/Golm
A 20-kilowatt Land transmitter in Potsdam, and a 2-kilowatt output
stage, which is to be used as a reserve transmitter, are scheduled for con-
struction.
This station is to be constructed for commercial radio-communication
service; the type of equipment is not yet known.
5. KoenigsMusterhausen Radio Transmitting Station
The following are scheduled for construction: 60-kilowatt long-wave
transmitter; 2-kilowatt output stage to be used as a reserve transmitter for
Berlin; two 20-kilowatt short-wave transmitters for radio broadcasting; two
(or three) short-wave transmitters, 10 and 20 kilowatts, for commercial ser-
vices.
Beelitz is to be the receiving station for the Koenigavueterhausen
transmitting station. The transmitters in Koenigevusterhausen can be cperated
by remote control from Beelitz.
6. Berlin Transmitter, Broadcasting Station in Berlin-Charlottenburg,
Masurenallee
To prevent possible sabotaging of the cable lines, it is planned to
construct a connecting-beam installation, with two RV-82 apparatuses, to by-
pxsa the mo.:ulution cable from this brrsdcastirg station to the trunk exchange
on Dottistrasse.
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However, it is understood from unofficial inquiries made of the State
Planning Commission, and from discussions with the Radio Department of the
Ministry of Postal Affairs and Telecommunications, that large studios for the
Berlin transmitter are to be provided in Adlershof, in connection with the re-
construction of the Heinrich Hertz Institute in Adlershof.
It is also planned to construct a television studio in Adlershof;
however, this appears doubtful at present, because the television program is
not included in the Five-Year Plan of the Ministry of Postal Affairs and Tele-
communications.
An alternate studio for Berlin radio bro?dce.ting is located in urue-
nau; it is to be expanded and improved in 1951.
The Dottiatrasse trunk exchange is to undertake the integration of
the prorrams.
There are connections from there JErunk exchengej7 to Leipzig I and II
(each of the broadcasting transmitters is 00 kilowatts , and to the Land
transmitters (each 20 kilowatts) in Potsdam, Schwerin, Weiner, Dresden, and
Bernburg. A modulation cable leads from the Dottistrasire trunk exchange to
the Ministry of Postal Affairs and Telecommunications.
7. Government Orders
The government contract for the construction of a large radio station
in Nauen was divided among the following firms:
VVB EKM (Federation of People-Owned Enterprises for the Construction
of Power Plant Machinery and Motors), Turbine Plant, Leipzig
RPPP - Berlin-Leipzig
ATL - Berlin-Lichtenberg, VEB (People-Owned Enterprise).
The following details are known about this project:
Capacity: two 150-kilowatt transmitters.
Type of tubes: six RS-566 tubes and four RS-720 tubes (plus two re-
serve or spare tubes) per transmitter; frequency not yet known.
Emergency current plant: utilizes 1,600,000 kilocalories per hour,
which is the amount of heat consumed by a 900-horsepower diesel unit.
A report dated 6 July 1951 contains the following information on
radio transmitter stations for the Ministry of Postal Affairs and
Telecommunications. The date of information given is the end or
June 1951.
Recently, the SKK (soviet Control Commission) ordered that construc-
tion work on the new 10C-kilowatt transmitter be suspended. It is reported
that the Sovicts plan to use the Nauei: radio station for other purposes.
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2. Berlin Transmitter; Temporary Location, RFT in Koepenick
The SICK ordered that work on this project be accelerated. At the
sane time, an order was issued through the Central Committee of the SED (So-
cialist Unity Party) to increase the capacity of the transmitter from 100 to
300 kilowatts. According to a resolution of the MiristerMinistryj7, the
project is being handled as a "secret government project, with the designa-
tion "twilling."
According to a stipulation of the SED Central Committee, this trans-
mitter, which entails an expenditure of 12 million Deutsche marks, is to be
constructed --he add of schedule, so that it can beam its Continform programs to
West Germany this year. In addition, the transmitter is to operate an a
nrcekenfE,rm 250-Watt rrlt? .ahnrt_Wave Transmitter
West Germany. The frequency will be 93.5 megacycles. This transmitter, too,
will beam only the "Voice of Peace" programs. At present, higher-powered
transmitters cannot be constructed by the industry concerned, because these
firms are overloaded with orders for the People's Police, Naval Police, and
reparatioue.
The following information is from a report dated 7 July 1951
which contains special information on the most recent directives on
commercial radio operations, according to an order of the SICK dated
4 April 1951.
The SKK has released the following transmitters for East Berlin commer-
cial radio traffic: for traffic with Communist China, two 20-kilowatt trans-
mitters; for traffic with Europe, one 1.2-kilowatt transmitter, one 10-kilo-
watt long-wave transmitter, and four 0.8-kilowatt transmitters.
Meters
Kilocycles
DHE
38.07
7,880
DHE 2
25.07
11,967
DHF
21.91
13,695
BAG
51.72
5,800
DHG 2
29.38
10,210
DEE
38.54
7,784
DEE 2
31.95
9,390
DHJ
56.23
5,335
DEN
ia0.34
7.,437.5
DHP
44.68
6,714
DET
57.08
5,255
43.04
69.7
DKP
17.1E
17,520
DKQ
DKR
28.73
10,440
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Broadcast starting times for the European traffic are as follows:
DEN - 0800 hours; operates all day as the standard transmitter for
DEC 2 -1000 hours
DKD - additionally, in the afternoon.
Upon request of the answering stations, additional frequencies will be
established if necessary.
Broadcast starting times for the China traffic are as follows:
DKP - forenoon.
ram - ..stern-o.,,
DIM - night.
Remarks
1. Lines to Amsterdam, Copenhagen, London, Moscow, Paris, Prague, Stock-
holm, Warsaw, and. Vienna.
2. In Germany, lines to Duesseldorf, Frankfurt/Main, Hamburg, Hannover,
Munich and C;uernberg.
3. Interzonal lines to Duesseldorf, Hamburg, Frankfurt/Main, Stuttgart,
Koblenz, and Leipzig for foreign telegrams.
The 20-kilowatt transmitters for China traffic operate in the forenoon on
a frequency of 17,520 kilocycles, with the call sign "DKP"; in the afternoon,
on a frequency of 10,440 kilocycles, with the call sign "DKQ"; and at night,
on a frequency of 7,917.5 kilocycles, with the call sign "DKR."
The following information is from a report dated 28 April 1951,
entitled "Analysis of Radio Projects in the Five-Year Plan."
The Five-Year. Plan provides for radio projects involving financial in-
vestments of 25,607,000,000 Deutsche marks. Of this total, 6,670,000,000 are
allotted to commercial radio operations and 18,937,000,000 to ZFegulaE radio
broadcasting. A breakdown of these investments according to plan year is as
follows (in million Deutsche marks): 1951, 14,45O; 1952, 6,000; 1953, 3,167;
1954, 1,600; and 1955, 400.
The investments in commercial radio operations have become necessary in
short-range broadcasting as a result of the expanding trade relations with the
People's Democracies, and in long-range Short-vav7 communications because of
the relations with China. The marked increase in German maritime operations
makes urgent the expansion of the coastal radio service, since an extensive
increase in traffic is already beginning to be noticeable.
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The investments in regular radio operations are urgently needed to make
the broadcasts of the "Democratic Radio" accessible to all Germans. Since
this particular development is of the utmost importance, it bad to be made a
key investment project for F_ limited period, while the urgently needed in-
vestments for replacements in the postal, telephone, and telegraph wire ser-
vices were deferred. This project involves investments for wireless communi-
cations, the preponderate part of which, for political and economic reasons,
should be accomplished during the first 3 years of the Five-Year Plan.
The planned development of television transmitters cannot be carried out
within this plan period because the investment funds appropriated for 1951 -
1955 are inadequate. For this reason, the State Planning Commission was re-
quested to transfer funds for the construction of a 10-kilowatt television
transmitter from the 1952 appropriations for research and development. For the
same reason, the following items must also be deferred temporarily from in-
clusion in the plans: additional ultrashort-wave transmitters, decimeter con-
necting-beam equipment, an additional 50-kilowatt single or double side-band
After the funds required for the planned construction projects for radio
communications were estimated in August 1950, requirements arose which con-
siderably exceeded the amount requested and allocated. For this reason all
subsequent projects included in the Five-Year Plan, except those most urgent,
had to be deferred. Therefore, on 23 August 1950, the Main Department for
Science and Technology, Ministry of Planning, was requested to incorporate in
its own plan 1,730,000 Deutsche marks for the development of a 10..kilovatt
television transmitter. The ministry's reply, dated 24 November 1950, stated
that a 2-kilowatt television transmitter for experimental television broad-
casting could be put into operation by mid-1951, but that for a 10-kilowatt
television transmitter Deutsche Post investment funds would have to be used;
the Main Department for Science and Technology could undertake to provide only
research funds, for the de?.clopment work on the 10-kilowatt transmitter, a re-
lay (Dezistrecke), and the :,ntenna.
Inasmuch as the 2-kilowatt transmitter is to be regarded as an experi-
mental transmitter, and inasmuch as there has been no experience with a 10-
kilowatt transmitter, it is felt that the latter should also be regarded as an
experimental transmitter on a larger scale fnd that funds for it should
therefore be made ovallable from the allocation for research]
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The radio network for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is intended only,
for the purposes of this ministry. Likewise, the network will be operated ex-
clusively by the ministry. Therefore, the necessary Investment funds must
also be incorporated in this ministry's plans.
For further clarification, it is pointed out. that, in contrast to the
above project, the short-wave transmitter for long-distance traffic (partic-
ularly with Feet Asia) is intended for public radio-comunication service, and
vas therefore included in the investment plan for the Ministry of Postal '.f-
fairs and Telecommunications.
Berlin Transmitter
I
A 100-kilowatt medium-wave transmitter with the cover name "twilling" is
to be constructed by the I Central Laboratory in Koepenick, formerly G
(Equipment, Machinery, and Apparatus Plant).
The propagation measurements have not yet been entirely completed. Orig-
inally, the planned location was Rangsdorf. The transmitter buildings will
cost about 2,500,000 Deutsche marks, Probably the old buildings in Nauen will
be reconstructed and the new transmitter installed there. The technical part
of the construction will cost 4,200,000 Deutsche marks.
The old Berlin transmitter in Koenigousterhausen-?eesen will be operated
as a reserve transmitter.
A 2-kilowatt reserve output stage will be added to the new Berlin trans-
mitter in Nauen. In 1950, 1,170,000 Deutsche marks were paid on account for
the transmitter, but the work accomplished by the BPP is negligible. The mod-
ulation stage is apparently only in the process of construction. Blueprints
for the transmitter itself have not yet arrived. It is reported that the
transmitter will be copied from models of other firma to a large extent, since
the RFT does not have experience in the construction of large transmitters.
There is a critical shortage of technical experts and of materials.
Ultrashort-Wave Transmitters
At present, further experiments are being conducted with a 200-watt ex-
perimental transmitter. The construction of the Brocken Hotel tower has been
completed, and the antenna system is assembled. Experimental operations are
being conducted periodically. In 1951, a 2-kilowatt ultrashort-wave trans-
mitter (93.2 megacycles) intended primarily for traffic to West Germany will
be erected there /on the Brocken Hotel. Another 2-kilowatt ultrashort-wave
transmitter will be put into operation in Berlin in 1951. The experiences of
Lorenz or Telefunken, which the RF'T obtained through irregular channels
(through Gabhardt, according to all indications), will probably serve as the
basis for the constriction of the transmitter.
No more funds are available for the planned construction of five addi-
tional transmitters for Leipzig, Schwerin, Dresden, Thueringen, and Northwest
Mecklentarg. The transmitters will probably be constructs-; by the 0$W (Obv.r-
spreewerk in Berlin-Oberechoeneweide) the former German General Electric Company),
which also constructed the 200-watt experimental transmitter.
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1950 Transmitter Construction Projects
Two output stages, one 8)0 watts and the other 5 kilowatts, have been
constructed for the 800-watt medium-wave transmitter on Ruegen. The trans-
mitters are finished but not yet assembled, because they are still being used
for experiments for the RF?. For this reason there isalso much friction on
this point with the naval police, since the latter will probably take over
Ruegen. In 1951, three or four additional transmitters are to be erected on
Ruegen. The 2-kilovatt Berlin transmitter (182 meters high), which was for-
merly located at the Postal 4nistry 5iinistry of Postal Affairs and Telecom-
msnicetionsff was set up in Riebnitz in September 1950. In its place a 100-
watt transmitter (former Wehrmracht transmitter, reconstructed by the M) is
in operation at the Postal Ministry.
Two-kilowatt output stages, for use as reserve transmitters, have been
erected and are In operation in }Cne?n1 wravn162te situ men for Radio Berlin end Prez -
The apparatuses for the Doeberitz-PR:rlin connecting beam at the Wilhelm,-
strasse trunk exchange have not yet been delivered by the SAG Kabel?s Radeberg
plant (formerly the Sachsenverk). The antenna systems have already been in-
stalled at Dotberitz and at the Berlin trunk exchange. Overhauled RV relay
e- ailment which formerly belonged to the Lech. cht serves as connecting-beam
equipment. The apparatuses have not yet been delivered because of the stub-
bornness of the Soviet director of the SAG plant. The connecting-beam line is
to serve as a replacement for the cable and as an experimental line.
A Panorama receiver (Siemens make) was purchased in 1950 (interzone)
agreement), but has not yet been delivered. Some of the 15 special multiple
band monitoring receivers ordered have already been delivered. They will be
used for radio censorship.
Television Transmitters
In 1951, an experimental transmitter with 2-kilowatt picture-sound trans-
mission and 625 scanning lines is to be produced by the OSW for research pur-
poses, Cost: 1,720,000 Deutsche marks.
In 1952, a 10-kilowatt television transmitter is scheduled to be con-
structed with research funds. Cost: 7 million Peutache marks. The planned
construction of five 10-kilowatt transmitters; by 1955 for building up the tel-
evision network is not feasible, because no more funds are available.
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2.
3.
5.
6.
Deutsche Marks
12,000
2,000
9,VW
On= 2-kilowatt ultrashort-wave transmitter, includ-
ing power supply
75,000
One quartz control
5,000
One ultrashort-gave receiver
500
Four measuring instruments for operational control
2,000
Material for setting up power equipment
1,400
Miscellaneous equipment
2,000
For the Brocken Ultrashcrt-Wave Station
One 2-kilowatt ultrashort-wave output stage, includ-
ing power supply for amplification of the 250-watt
ultrashort-wave station on the Brocken Hotel
8. Completion of the power equipment; one switch panel,
including aasembly 1,000
Mounting the ultrashort-wave antenna on the Bracken
Hotel, including structural alterations of the build-
ing to provide foundations for the tower and guy wire
anchors
the foundations and the anchoring of the guy -wires 25,000
2.. Setting up an ultrashort-wave experimental antenna
A. Construction
1. Setting up an ultrashort-wave antenna, including
1. Setting up the 2-kilowatt ultrashort-vave trans-
mitter
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2,000
3,000
2,000
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t'irely larf,u' cr,^?r_cii.y on ?? .
.`.e 1~/ _ the 250-v-tf.,
ce La, : Zlnrce in the fie Id of ,,'...,Y r"-once technid., the ~eve:op-
m,nt lirmn :'i.i i. hav, to ,.-cur?.,1::'t ?. i, r''-r.. on t-ansmit.t?-rt of inrce
paci,,,, no data is avai:latle fur rrclc!:A.. n( coCtO5, and r?r, :P jt~ntly tl,n. c -,.t
for the i'':di?r-1dua1 protec*,:, k>~: ;.,) hF, ~:c','rx,4f?i.
Tecni,:al awl upcrntionc:l (;,rwrv ;inn
?'ro: i ri ,e ze1 tran a'i r iunF +i 0i n :,xic l trnr. :c:ter ?'av= very
fn oza:le re:u1te, r, a a ^.0-..rift ulraoho.!.-.. ... rnnsrdI ~r, the c,; r_ ity c:
t+t.i .-,:i 'r'er Le be built on the B-r-ko'r: $:tel,
the ! . , i : . ? i t the GD1. ' J : - , iI cperi . .. ui:_ b-n ~aed frotr: - t.i.
)I'?:1~:?' t. for the '.'urther de-e 1. rt-'save br'_.edc ag tirt.
Radio will he lOic
l main tower , -onsin'irg of an :r ni.directi n: l radio tower
of variable heir.l;t appror,il to i-; %30 -',0' ~ tell , triply
guyed, complete vii h light:.ir =evice, tore
ar.(1 guy wire anchc':-, u d ccuntr, Irslvar.ized iron
bande conk et a.. .O tr , in`_ tI e- axth/.
1 supplemental antenna in:,:,-. ?aticn, consit-tire of three ;d
toners, each 50 meters high with. three ;'-or4: nrnr, arranged
in a triangle; also the to _.. eu wire r,:,ch-r a:.,
counterpoise (galvanized _.... -=unk c,s sr.;_le:
meters into the earth). The . ~:cc from c
of the Ministry of Posta- Affairn Tclru>T nniea-i :r, and
will be charged at the standing
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1 "dog house" (antennengleis) (special brick construction),
350 cubic meters of enclosed space to contain antenna
tuning devices for the main antenna; circular
I "dog house" (special brick construction), 250 cubic meters
of enclosed space for the supplemental antenna installa-
tion; square
Laying 1,000 meters of power and control cables
500 meters of radio frequency cable
1,000 meters of control cable
Technical Observations
Tuners. condensers, co41a ee1etnrM
(Produced by the RP] Central Laboratory.
15fl..a +er-ahigh
Vooden dlen t )
a- o-war, of radio t raitinmitter inipzig 1 (loo kilowatts) is
constructed as a tower antenna (half-wave radiator). It consists of a 230-
meter-high hollow tube, triply guyed and insulated at the base by a spherical
insulator. The guy wires are divided into irregular lengths by special insu-
lators to prevent leakage.to ground and to prevent sympathetic vibration of
the individual guy wires. The tower is fed from the bottom. The structural
form is in accord with the nev.st developments in radio technique.
Operational Observations
Deutsche Marks
At full height and including the capacity hat 15 meters in diameter the
tower can serve as radiator for an assigned frequency of 500 meters. The ra-
diation of a shorter wave length requires lowering the mast to a height
roughly equivalent to one half the wave length. In contrast to the present
antenna, the new tower will increase the range before the region is reached
where high distortion occurs as a result of selective fading, and will thus
increase the coverage after nightfall.
Economic Observations
The wooden tower erected in 1935 is showing signs of decay. The rot ap-
pears at inaccessible points, and hence a repair operation is not feasible.
Before erecting the new tower and razing the old one a supplemental antenna
will be installed; in the future a spare antenna will always be available when-
ever repairs, tests, etc., have to be made. The total efficiency of the sta-
tion will be increased, since there will be no need to interrupt service. The
new tower will use a type of construction not hitherto employed in such a
structure: a one-piece tube instead of the former shell construction. There
are great econoaa.',.c advantages in this method of construction.
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