ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGICAL - MANPOWER, TRAINING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600150070-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 15, 2011
• Sequence Number: 70
• Publication Date: November 26, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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COOL/ CLASSIFICATION 8-z-C.wR-E-2
T~ ONLY CENTR I 'CY
COUNTRY Ceram Democratic Repub1ia
o i 00l"Up00 a 11IA11 Ib10ew*T'1 . Alf'C".. 1-2 -A""-' Wt--f
00 700 4-1170 771021. ?rt.Ix 701 21Sp1.0 Of 74710 I?. Iecrlowy 741
OF Til 1.1. 0007. Al .1.010 173 1.M Ne11:1 Dp 0- -0r0.
(17121 00 ICI CO.rA.'I 10 011 *1011FT IT 61C Ip-UTTO417(0 ?1-10w It
REPORT
CD NO.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 2951
DATE DIST.1+" , Noe 1952
NO. OF PAGES 6
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
50X1-HUM
INFORMATION ON THE ODR LABOR FORCE,
- TRATdi. y F Sf'L0t?! I' OF WOW
Labor F3: ,_ t
In t he core of the F=ve-_ea: Plan, 890,000 wormers are tc be added tc,
the l.Itbc' fo-ce. Of thla number 448,000 are to be employed in industry,
230,000 in cc~e r~:.tion. X5.000 in transportation, and 56,000 in trade.
The ;A?c'try of Labor eetirnstes that by 1953 the number of gradaateE ..eaF-
ing sf:hcol vile Izc.rease to the extent that it will exceed the number of worker=
1earL*F :nc- =&}c_ for: e by 4tX:,000. That leaves 490,000 workers `.o be ebtalne_.:
from the ar.iisb:.e ;tabor reserve and to be trained for akil]:sd labor. The grad-
uates of 1954 - 1955 cannot be considered to play an important role in eadd;
vcrkere, kithi.i the Fl-re-Tear Pla;t.
*ta;I::rgy -- Rolling mill workers, smelters, foundry vorkers, formers,
and forge vorkkr..
Within i;..d vidwii brancthes of the economy, the toileving types of nrv
e:-H a ^ grrrt:.v needed:
?L1n r1g Revers; mine foremen, mining engineers, and technicians.
- 1 -
ccwr oL/z QFICIALS Olt -?
CLASSIFICATION 111-3-C-IIII-S=t
n
sue
E
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D~Cl13IM?kSUS.Nar.+yy +'-----
- metal griaaders, electric
lathes and drill lathe e), milling machine operators,
welders, toolmakers, machinists, m chlneuechanics, motor mechanics for gaso-
r
_. _ l - work boilermakers. copper-
line
smiths, and pltms'bers.
Electrical and optical industry -- Precision mechanics, optical workers,
tool=3wre, lathe and milling machine operators.
nstruction workers for metal ships, ship's machinists,
C
o
Shipbuilding w-
shipbnildiug engineers and technicians, boilermakers, electric welders, fitters,
,
coppersmiths
formers
erators
o
hi
,
,
p
ne
mill zap mac
toolmakers, lathe operators,
forge workers;. boat construction men, construction workers for wooden ships,
Railroad car construction -- Fitters, carpenters, plu hers, and pipefitters.
Building industry -- Mssoss, carpenters, painters, roofing men, plumbers,
locksmiths, glaziers, concrete workers, metal benders, specialized iron workers,
titt
ers .-----
drivers and mechanics, and tractor drivers and
rental stations).
Filling the shortage of skilled workers in the textile, ceramics, and shoe
industries is r,2' secondary importance and will be undertaken after the needs of
the trades most important to the economy have been takes care of. This
isncorn s-
punds to the well-known trend of the Five-Year Plan, paying little
consumers' goods industries.
S in:e the ztbCi-vea Of abl.c-borie'~ =tie vnrkmrei ha". been essentially ex-
hausted, the greatest possible number of semen are to be brought into the labor
force. They are to be provided mainly for the electrical, optical. machine-
building, precision instrument, wood and furniture, shoe, construction, and
printing industries. Furthermore, the number of women in the administrative
service, the poet office department, and the Reichobehn is to be greatly in-
creased, to Tree male workers for other typec of work.
Skilled workers are also to be obtained from the groups of resettlers,
many of whom live in the country without using their skills. One of the ob-
stacles here is the housing problem, which will remain an obstacle in the near
future because of the limited housing construction in the GIDR.
The matter of workers changing their jobs is to be studied, and job changes
are to be limited to a ninimtu. This ore another omexam Of foolgting the pat-
tern in the USSR, where job changes
At the Fourth Session of the Central Committee of the SID (Socialist Tnity
Party), State Secretsiy Rulo'.f Vidaner ,po?se at great length on the subject of
better training for skilled worn. H:s speech cent
e Wiesner ns that ithe nstite.ing Soviet
of worker training. Among other things, __
age of technical booms end textbooks mist' be alleviated cinmovators (Never-
of such books to collaborate with activists and production
so that the methods of activists can be included in the texts.
era)
8-s-C-R-8-T
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S -E-C-R-E-T
In the course of the rive-Year Plan, 964,200 youths are to be trained in
trade schools. This requires m greater number of trade teachers. At present,
there are ten trade teachers, training schools in the OIL. with a total capa-
city of 1.890 persons. It is planned to merge those schools which have small
capacit".ee and to raise the total capacity to 2,500 in 1952. At present, there
are 29,796 students in GI trade schools.
Great difficulties are encountered in apprentice training because of the
small nu her of training workshops and the shortage of suitable machines and
tools. It is planned to establish a group system in the training workshops,
which would mean that apprentices would receive 3 days of training in the work-
shops and 3 days in the trade school. This system has the disadvantage that
the practical training falls behind school work to a degree greater than is
prescribed by law. For this reason, a Rostock plant followed a system whereby
the first grog-p of apprentices was trained for 8 weeks on all work positions
in the workshop and then worked productively for 8 weeks on the simplest opera
tions in the workshop, while the second group of apprentices received its basic
training in the workshop. The people-owned Carl Zeiss Plant in Jena 'also
started to use apprentices in the production process; they produce parts or in-
struments which are either needed in the main plant or are to be sold. The
plant"s training workshop was enlarged into an independent training plant; I
the first year of training, 574 percent of the apprentices were girls.
Training of apprentices is also to be bolstered in private enterprises
and in the hand trades. For private enterprises this will not be of any ad-
vantage, because great expense is involved in the training of apprentices,
while the greater part of the apprentices will probably wir.-.I up in peopii-
owned industry after being trained.
Another vay to alleviate the difficulties of apprentice training is to
ahnrten the training ueriod. e.a.. apprentices in the Wernigerode Electric Mo.-
tor Plant took the final exam for a 3-year training period after only 2* years.
The Leipzig VVB LBH (Federation of People-Owned Enterprises for Agricultural,
Construction, and Wood-Processing Machinery) reportedly has reduced its train--
irg period to 2 years.
The following information is known. on the labor and training situation in
the individual Leender of the GDR:
In 1950, 9,900 more girls were placed. in apprentice positions than in
In Zwickau, the Engineer School for Chemical Engineering was opened
at the beginning of 2051.
A trade ncbool for flax knitters is being established in Geienau,
Kreis Anrsberg. It is to be completed by the end of 19;1. An investment sum
of 200,000 Deutsche marks (past) has been e-srmarked for this school.
The Engineer School for Precision Irstmmnts in Dresden is the only
one of its kind in the GDR.
Correspot.3ence aesreas for working people are being instituted at the
Dresden Technical Institute amA the Freiberg Mining Academy.
A training workshop for 300 apprentices is to start operating at the
Astra Plant, cnemnitz, on :i Septesuer 1951.
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*.. The the 1950 plan for aplrrec-ra~~ y....~~-_
as in 1948. Thereby hanver, fulfilled their Wt of the playa by
113.1 percent. The hand tre,des, of feaal* apprentices
only 84 percent an placed only 41 percent of the r
6e~zavs,- ' _
The following three priorities Were
work n reons
) obtaining workers for ore airing (i.e=~ uranium mpar ntice wing) and ; (2)
en
F hw ?amber of women in Industry, and (3) a
for y1=the leaving aenooi.
Halle [8niversity spent almost '6.0 ax-a,...
Awlm vounA people to stnAy. To special schools were established to,
VL_ --
,rhe Mittelelbe Construction Enterprise has established three apprentice
training sites for 174 apprentices.
bee"Centred o ")
The Bauunion Xitte (Construction Union"Cgir~ls enter,"
operates en apprentice school ;here 60 bpy8 and
cope bricklayers, carpenters, and concrete construction workers.
meat difficulties are being countered in the mechanical training
Hixi)en eb rg, because the training per-
ockshop of the u ( con, earn almost twice as
a
sons' want to T- turn rn to to production lobs whe hate for training personnel
much. Demands have been made that the pay schedul be-
revised; otherwise, none of the activists or best~mS~ cerpr wi a igtthaa
not accept
~Ots &s possible to obtain the required mac inert' for the training workshop.
not been n
The Wolfen Dye Factory trained three times as any apprentices in 1950
as it did in 1949. In its chemistry shop mostly girls are being trained.
The VVB lfageaa (Federation of Peop1c4ened =nterprises for ikehinery
for the Food-Processing, Refrigeration and Chsaical Industies) has a central
,raining workshop, the 'Wer.~ der ivgend,"" in Halle, where 2:L6 apprentices are
being trained. Within the frs work of the Five-year Plea, this central train-
ing establishment is to be enlarged to train 450 apprentices.
3. Thaeringen
Were the apprentice training plan for 1950 vas ffulfille 109 percent.
In 1949, 2,000 girls were placud ss apprentices. At present,
the apprentices are girls.
At the beginning of 1951, there were 137,000 6ble bodied ails and
work-
171,OOa female workers in Srfort. This figure shoe the shortage of male nt possibilities, dhile 30,000
more err. iThere mpe Swean cosU be added to the labor force.
1s1?lJ employable
The Wdeburg APparatus Plant (p) (Yoraer tE~ forean Also,
has ?atablished a Yout'b fii.ten^6s workshop which ij n ee a you
_?a _,+ a. artanded by youths on1Y
In ) gdeburg, six app
ntice hone
etruC Gatsa.
Schaeffer & Budenberg)
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lished to train the 160 apprentices the plant bad hired in 1950. All 1?0 ap-
prextiaes are girls.
The Olympia Office Machine Factory in Erfurt employs Lt present l,4.OO
apprenticed cad youths. On 1 February 1951, a new training ' or`r;hctj was estab-
apparatus Plant into a training establishment for approximately 800 apprentices.
ginning of 1951, mare than 200 of the workers have been transferred to the Hen-
nigsdorf Steel and Rolling hill,, the LI (locomotive Construction and Electrical
Goods Plant), and other important key enterprises. This method of labor place-
A commission for manpaser placement examined the Ernst 'Ihaelsann People's
Shipyard in Brandenburg and established that at least 300 skilled workers could
4. Brandenburg
5. Mecklenburg
aistance from the hand trades, only 13 percent of the openings for apprentices
in hand trades were filled by women.
in 1950. Of all the apprentice job openings, 47 percent were eermarked for
vonen. On 1 April 1950, there were 9,00 female apprentices in 11ecklenburg,
and at the end of October 1950 there were over 12,000. The greatest increase
was in the metal and wood processing industries. However, because of some re--
A training establishment will. be attached to the Rostock Fish Ccabine,
now under construction, to train fishermen and vcsien for work in fisheries.
5.,,T nv, . nt of Wnaa n
The foll.aving information is known on the employment of women in all GDR
laender:
Following the Soviet pattern, women in the GDR are to be trained to became
engineers in basic materials industries and metallurgy, and they are to be ea-
pecially important as replacements for men in leading positions in iuiaat y.
At present, 20 percent of the Scployoes in the GDR leather industry are wcrecn.
The people-owned Fortsehritt Clothing Factory employs 4,000 workers
in eight workshops; more than 80 percent of than are worn. Production in-
creases to be achieved under the Five;-Year Plan will necessitate the employ-
ment of additional workers, meet of when will be wamsn,. To make work condi-
tions more comfortable for women, the factory will establish half-day shifts
and install kindergartens.
A compressor operator and machinist course just completed at the Schnee-
berg Erzgebirge Mining School had seven warren raoeg thor? attending.
We women were trained as assistant foreman at the lSachsenv!rk Rude-
berg (Si0)j they are to become foreman later on.
Yor the first time in the GM, two voeasa were placed as butcher's ap-
prentices in Dresden.
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present: One minister assistant, three in department chiefs, three depart.
Within the fraaework of tLe Five-Year Plan, the percentage of voaea
in industry is to be raised from 33 to 42.2. To further this end, plants are
going to install additional night nurseries, tailor shops, baths, etc. At
present, there are 1,460 nursery horses for 70,000 children in Sachsen-Anbalt,
for female apprentices. The Magdeburg Reicrnsbahn Directorate will increase the
number of vown employees to 4,000 in 1951. A number of railroad stations are
to have female personnel only, and it is also planned to have only vown train
The V9B Chemie has established a youth combine for 60 girls in Silber
The Wolfen File Factory (SAG) employs over 3,000 vomn at present.
huette.
personnel cm a nx'asaer of passenger trains.
In June 199, the percentage of women among all employed workers was
36.2, below the average of the other GDR Laender. By the end of Bovewlar 1950,
the percentage rose to 38.3 percent. The number of women in the potash minirg
industry rose from 477 to 703 within 6 months. The IFA (Federation of People-
Owned Enterpriser for VEhicle and Parts Constru:Uon) Nordhausen Tractor slant
hired voneu for the first time in 1950 (200 E'omen).
At the Wesungen Sawmill. eight women replaced eight men who were sent
to the uranium ore mines.
The people-owned Sjellberg Plant in Finstervalde gave a course in
welding technology in which, for the first time, three women participated.
6. meckle_nburg
At the Lanus School for Tractor Drivers in Guestrov Bockhorst, 24 waxen
t- ctor drivers coeaploted their 3-aonth theoretical and practical training.
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