ECONOMIC

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200290-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 29, 2011
• Sequence Number: 290
• Publication Date: September 22, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/29: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200290-9
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
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COUNTRY China
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REPORT
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SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
`PHIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION FOR THE RESEARCH
SWFIX Chinese document, Shang-hai Shlh Iran-ku --H nB ales chin (Shanghai Labor Yearbook),
?a-kung News Agency, Shang-hut, 1943. (?I-T1epectficelly reaueetel.)
. TYPES OF WORKERS
last point, out Of 1,539 plants with 149,651 workers, 530 plants were found to
be aRdp17tng, wttb 133,?:23 vortrere involved; 1,059 smaller plants, employing
pay, skill, and ales as to comylianoe with the Factory Lew. In regard to this
Shanghai workerr,, who it has been claimed number 300,000 or one-fifth of
the city's population, may be classified according to age and oaz, busts of
Flevartig
Canned foods
Ci?=Ettes
Rabbet
Netciee
Act'. and soda
Sac.p
Boat-building
Machin.-eeiing
Metal -work:eg
Flexible tubing
Can-Riskin;
Needle-Rmktug
Flour
oil-extracting
StiAYE kjIYAW
A) WY AIR
RESTRICTED
98.46 -- e.54[st
35.33 .96 13.71
99.30 .20
62.69 34.33
44.49 52.33
40.23 56.22
.STAT
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f
RES&RIC(J0D
Table 1. labor Grouped by Age and Sex (C=td)
(in peroent)
23.10
76.90
~h
94.63
2.16
envnre~~7
Sal-Lu-1o L
100.c0
Leather
100.00
Glass
68.94
1.93
Cotton-spinning
22.49
26.60
Wool-weaving
31.93
66.33
Silk-weaning
30.73
69.90
Cotton-Weaving
40.71
59.27
Hemp-working
35.20
64.90
Bnttttng
22.03
75.20
Hat-making
59.73
35.90
tnderoLotbing
33.x+2
64.14
blankets
Towels
37.39
60.75
,
Belt-weaving
32.50
67.50
Vaper?making
69.40
31.60
Prtsattng
93.63
9.39
Lad penile
Zleotrio power
39.59
Li 0. ct
52.03
1fster-works
99.35
.15
Coal-gas
100.00
31"tric care
100.00
Telephone
77.75
22.25
Bieotrio fixtures
70.14
18.55
Them** bottles
76.39
16.24
Table 2. labor Grouped 1-Y basis Of AMY
(in percent)
Day-work
Boat-buliding
100.00
machine-making
100.00
Metal-working
76.93
Flexible tubing
100.00
can-asking
100.00
swig-making
91.59
flour
100.00
Otl-eztraottng
100.00
Flavoring
100.00
Canned foods
76.62
Ciograbtes
.20;07.
Rubber
67.46
Metopes
65.11
Acid and soda
100.00
soap
10c"0r
Drags
94.74
Bartbansare
76-37
Bai-la-lo tQ
100.00
Leather
100.00
Glass
97.15
Cotton-iptDntng
77.01
Wool-seaviog
95.2
Silk-weavi g
79.32
Cotton-weaving
53.62
gel -working
60.55
RESTRICTED
Piece-work
2.35
22.99
14.73
20.19
46.33
39.45
29.03
.91`eti
1.69
.32
.02
2.72
5.37
2.34
1.96
STAT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/29: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200290-9
$uttttng
Rat-making
Underclothing
Towels, blankets
Belt-rearing
Paper-making
Printing
road pencils
Eleotrio power
water-works
coal-gas
Electric cars
Telephone
Ilea' trio rIxterap.
Therms bottles
Average
Industry
Boat-building
ithobims-caking
Metal-working
flexible tubing
0.n-malting
Needle-maklag
flour
Oil-extracting
Ylavoring
Canoed foods
Clarstts.
Rubber
hatches
Acid and soda
Soap
'cgs
sal-la-10 Aff
Leather
Glass
Cotton-spinning
wool--waHr=
silts-vsaeilig
Cottooasavtng
BMpworking
IKioitting
Bat-sstttug
Baderelothing
v'o'ids, bleas'asts
Hilt-weaving
Paper-making
Printing
Lead pencils
Table 2. Ieibor`Groaped by Baste of Pay (Cbntd)
(in percent)
32.97
67.03
33.59
11.41
4.55
95.45
41.99
59.02
100.00
100.00
100.00
--
100.00
100.00
_-
100.00
--
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
--
71.57 jeioJ 24.33 riot
Table 3.
labor Gronped by Skill
(in percent)
Skilled
Semi-skilled
Unskilled
50.69
6.70
24.57
66.05
4.76
9.05
7.94
38.58
27.70
5.36
39.88
54.17
12.61
24.14
62.0'.
33."
16.50
24.27
24.03
30.47
45.25
41.33
34.72
21.11
13.00
33.41
53.59
20.40
23.38
20.40
10.10
3g.W,
56.38
5.90
9.81
80.57
42.50
20.36
35.22
38.95
61.05
37.44
42.01
19.19
7.24
72.75
20.11
30.12
28
62
37.60
4.17
.
95.93
1316
86.34
32.79
16.08
28.23
29.51
44.44
8.50
?71.47
19.87
79.45
9.21
10.49
40.54
37.88
19.11
14.24?
17.63
69.13
57.47
32.30
9.65
15.44
78.52
.67
31.88
66.03
49.57
41.93
7.16
8.75
91.25
38 29
24.59
35.12
35.66
12.50
79.16
-3-
AS9TRICTSD
RESTRICTED
RESTMUP.
? Apprentices
.20
2.79
35.92
?1.00
.62
1.92
1.37
3.66
--
22.9'
.22
.16
.95
2.47
--
1.55
5.37
2.09
1.44
-
2.01
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/29: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200290-9
RESIAMU
labor GrDuped by Skill (Contd)
(in percent)
Electric power
49.76
7.44
41.61
2.19
Water-works
3.53
32.42
13.75
--
coal-gis
49.54
11.34
34.32
4.50
Electric care
50.61
11.03
5.36
--
Telephone
Electric fix;uree
2.15
61.99
34.33
26.70
11.31
Thermos bottles
22.14
44.65
23.99
9.22
Average
29.35
40.65
27.73
1.74
RESTRICTED
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unions. In August 1947, 433 unions with a total of 527,499 ambers were
registered with the Bureau of Social Affairs. The distribution is shown to
260,305 workers.
Government polio , in the interest of laborero, has strongly encouraged
In 1936 there were only 95 organized unions. Of these, 34 were plant
unions, 37 were occupational onions, and four were of a special type. Union
members numbered more than 130,000. Of course this figure represented only a
fraction of the laboring class, for large sections were entirely unorganized.
When by the end of L946, ALang-hat had rsooverad from the .onfueton
following the Japanese surrender, there were 352 unions with an enrollment of
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Z;P*431&1 1 2,865 2,365 2,865
ut) I I titir. 12 1) 0 ii.4v 252 210 11,749 282 12,031
Transport 30 30 s6,ioi 102 96,101 120L.-iic
Gottonf-C.Puming 74 14 25.5 109,55 25.550 109,553 135.103
Wool-spinning 1.9 15 1,962 5,954 1,962 5.954 7.94b
bilk 9 4,132 9.229 4j32 8.229 12,361
Initting 4 9 1,282 12,957 1.292 12,957 14,239
i4eing as 2 36 5.409 14.75S 1,719 7.117 14.759 21,865
Jute-weaving 2 2 1.~5& 4,406 1.55e 4,406 5.964
Cigarettes 36 36 11.564 29.504 11.564 29.504 41,o6s
Rubber 5 a I? rN~N_' :.-: 422 5 2.W 91-,425 7.953
Laa~hsr 6 2 8 1:346 2,17i; 2,173
Ironworts 16 4 20 2.59q 6,316 IS'915 9,915
Building 5 12 17 1.936 4j,125 45.o61 45.o6i
Health 9 9 .766 373 6.76b 37 7,139
Onsmicals, drugs 4 8 12 1,675 942 1.996 3,57). 9 4,413
Amwes ' ants 6 6 2.999 1,353 2,999 1.353 4.351
Objeate dw&rts, bookc, *to. 6 13 4,455; 539 3,933 765 13 438 1,315 14,753
Paper a 2,637 463 2:637 463 3.100
Boat-bul-Iding 5. - 5 3-773 6.066 9.939 9,839
GlothIng - 20 29 lei 1,205 19,792 19,795/;al.205 -
furnitVirs Z is 22 1 374 10.018 11 392!feic 11,392
rood, drink 24 25 49 7.679 1.127 24.o6o 31*729 i--7 1,121
ftel 10 1 U 4,166 466 1.459 5 . 625 466 6,ogi
Other 7 11 is 594 6,715 294 9,309 294 9,603
Total 293 i6o 453 97.881 195.731 230,930 2,go4 328.s6i 19a,636 52T.499
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 The original labor law did not provide for factory unions, but only dis-
trict unions. Because of wide divergence In size and quality of plants in a
district, and a tendency for a whole district to be involved In any dispute, in
January 1947 tins factory union plan was introduced for plants with over 100
4orkers. Workers in a smaller unit join In a city-vide occupational union. The
larger Industries have already changed over; for the others the process is to be
completed in 1943.
When the blockade was lifted, foreign ships w me the fi::st to come into
Shang-her, and vast numbers of coolies were employed to more the tremendous
cargoes. Thus arose a system of Labor-purveyors, under whoa were secondary and
tertiary agents or contractors, each of whoa extracted his fee. By the time a
dollar Aid out by the steamship company reached the coolie's bands, it had
shrunk to 20 or 30 cents. These coolies were so unconscious of being exploited
that they would defend the avaricious agents through whom they had been hired.
The coolies, accustomed to a qr-4a,-feudal system, would fight like retainers for
a liege lord In a conflictamx)g labor-purveyors over a specially lucrative dock.
These staple-minded man, ino'uad,of plucking oft the parasites that were actually
mucking their blood, actually `ought for their survival,
8hapg-hai wharf-laborers may be classified generally as rtevodores, ferry-
een, and porters. Deforp the war a eortain ar.aunt of public order was main-
tained among them, despite occasional bresctes of the peace. But under the
puppet government, nonditions deteriorated a great deal. In the confusion fol-
lowing the Japanese surrender, matters grew worse and there was such injustice
and quarreling. However, under the leadership of the city goverment, dock-
workers' unions were organized, and welfare work instituted. Between lbgy 1916
and June 19117, the following locals were set upt
m (Locality) Membership
Ronskew
Woosung
Soochow Creek
Bond (Wbengpoo shore)
Mantas
South Pcatuna
North Pootung
Under laisting conditions, these unions had to be organised as locals;
but plans are on foot for a city-vide federation of these saran. The workers
have now beam released with govercrosat help from the vicious contract or agent
systsa; further progress depends upon the workers themselves.
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f
STAT
The year 1947 saw much progress in the organizing of labor, but there is
mob yet to be done In training, education, and benefits. The two alma of
labor policy are to secure legitimate political position for the labor olass
and the personal welfare of workers. Labor unions are not an end in thest-
selves, but the first step towards the realization of these goals.- labor's
political position to being attained. The improvement of living conditions,
universal education, and full employment concern the worker's welfare and are
to be sought for by labor and capital to common.
In labor organisations there is no place for shop employees. These abound
in the large cities and are better educated than the average manual worker.
The labor union law limits membership to workers in factories and mines. Do
adequate arrangement has yet been made for workers to slope. The government
should take steps to reuedy this condition.
RESTRICTED
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/29: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200290-9