SHIPBUILDING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600200397-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 29, 2011
• Sequence Number: 397
• Publication Date: November 19, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY q{
SUBJECT Shipbuilding
RE:~ORT
CD NO.
INFORMATION 19-7
HOW DATE DIST. 19 Nov 1948
x-44j"
PUBLISH
ED Po
cel
WHERE
PUBLISHED Moscow, t'S& NO. OF PAGES 5
DATE Dece?ber 1917
PUBLISHED
em, 00COUl,0oAemoe 10000,T10; Muons. 110 Wno;a wilt,e
op 17; vine, M70 "01010 Tel 0e0onne or c8monoo one to
;:,. 0.. 01, 1e e,.,i?e;n, ITe 4 0 41511101 00 0 4 I0e eRY1141400
M 1T, Q.OTIOT; I0 OiR 040041 TO 00 000010o0Qi0 1;440; Is
Fl 00400 etaiwi-,rr n /;o ;:ensue ;user.
FOREIGN DOCUMENr CASTS
u!JUJU IV i iv , U(J71Jf11J1'drj.jJ:L
4TRAL. INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION FOR THE RESEARCH
USE OF TRAINED INTELLIGENCE ANALYSTS
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION Roobnoy Vol M, Novembor-December 1947.
teas a aat .pacifically roqueste8. )
N. M. Turkey, Engineer
?aeritive shipbuilding enterprises have aided in the aevoiopmont of
8aviet river transport. During the period or the reconstruction and
the First hive Tear Plan, 17 large plants and shipyards built steel
vessels for the river fleet. Among titers enterprises vero the Baltic
Plant; Northern 8tpyard; Pleats invent Marti in Odessa sad in reningred;
'
l
the 9svaatopol
, E
recna7s Sor iovo," and 8o1ona Pleats; std the
Oarroldroveto, TIM='; Moscow, !mead Volodarekiy, Mozdnvebohinsk 8hdp-,
yam, as ve,1l no many other smell shops.
1T, plants aid ebi.'t do were created during the Five-Sear Plane.
The Po=, Eftenowmmyok, Snetenaleeya. YLvoslavskeva. and Geredetak
8omo',, Dob-mekiy, and -1 river---'-?"
B7.s0oveshtrherask Pleats began to build river
v
eeeete of steel during t hl gecom Five-Tear Flan. A nsbcr. of plants
building r1vem-21eet vessels discontinued construoti n; hovever, the
total earl sr of large 191mnta engaged in river alhipbuilding increased woe
at a halt time sad ruaahed 26. -During the ThhixO Five Tear Plan
30
,
plants vex* enge?ed in bundling steel versols for the river finer, sm wg'
44-
th
an
--ON 8 hipard and tbo Thereon, Zapoz ozh'yo, Qame1's,
and Da Plante.
The warmer of new yards building Ahipa arse even more rapidly.
The 2la lyabov, Pirnabskey.a, Sokol' , Oorodetsk imam Oar'
Dlet'-Dox+ovnkggaa, Tails, Bctarinakgta, Pridiviaakeya, and Oe. trovo M14-p..
yards and other's, created during the years, of Soviet poser, were
txUVAreasnd Into industrial-type enterprises. There were 29 of thecae
NAVY NSR MSTWBUTION-- --^~
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CONFIDENTIAL
bavb built over 1,200 tu8boata and over 650 passenger vessels, 840
steel bargee anti 71 dredges, not counting a small auxiliary fleet and
light vessels for operation during oar allpping season only. As a rresult
of this construction, the river fleet has again beds the largest
in the world.
plants. ant shops, have cmrletod.an extensive construction program They
At the =a time, the Soviet river fleet has a ccasparativelg wall
number of types, among which are sows of the largest and qualitatively
superior river vessels. For Instance, a aeries of powerful tugboats of
the 'I 1strIalizataiya" type, an well as a considerable number of 300-
1.oed ocity of
ea in tons)
Tankers
1n units)
6,o. 6,750 22 -
3,50- 4,000 49 6
2,800- 3,400 7 40
1400- 2 1
1,0(C- 1,200 44 40
0- 900 6 18
400- 600 29 66
230- 350 132 90 '
12,0001-32,1200. 9
10,000-10,400 14
8,o0fo- 8,500 4
100 24
50 -
During the First Five rear Plan riven ehipbui3ding was devoted
pal Ipally to the petroleum fleet; also a speolal lumber fleet pro
built, the mobs of ft7-eargo boats was increased, ant chief attention
sal West Maria. A fleet is being built for Deproetroy, Be1moretroy,
ad the ldosoou-Folga Canal, ' iah were In need of eteamre adaptable to
pM CrSS03fed. Fleet construction has grown ooasidembly in the
rapIA3,p 4avoloping districts Of the LOeraine, Forth Cmcaees, brats,
pas given to the European rivers.
61001WI, shallow-dreuiht, small-tenses boats.
1+efte, vessels for tr+eaeporting p rodmrte of the antomobila and tractor
in&netrg, spoeial vessels for shipping mineral construction materials,
river treaa,ort due to irinetrialisaticm. During the Secp? . Five-
Tear Plan, tbeaeeicae, a great ngdber of petroleum Merges vere bunt,
especially for geeolaae, with oorreepostdtng ttge, special tugboats for
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F TIAL
The conetruution of oto ships nuit a for navigation on the Greater
.est&.. during, ?tho Third, It .o-Year
Plan. that In in row water; tmA of
Shipbuilding developoa in the following main directions during the
Five-year Plana: cheaper and faster shipbuilding, vassals of iightor
weight poaeiblo through welding and tine use of metal alloys), edvanced
shipbui2ding methods, use of local low-grade solid fuels (chiefly coal)
for river vessels, modern ongine s maa oquipanorit, faster tugs and
peasengvr vessels, extensive use of gas-generator vessels with increased
power, Introduction of mechanization for greater efficiency eat convon-
lanae, m A elimination of is +orted supplies for river shipbuilding.
Sigatficent progress wee achieved in all of these fioldo.
During the period of the early Five-Your Plane it arms necessary,
due to Insufficient machine building, to Import large quantities of
machinery rind equipment. V-type steam engines, largo internal-cambrstion
engines. and engines for passenger forrioa were among the itano imported.
At the 'begiuni ng of the Third Five-Year Plan, the 'Leninckeg, Zhznitsa"
Plant started to produce two basic V-typo steam engines, 200-300 horse-
power and. 3O0-500 horsepower, with and 160-equare-metor water-
tube boilers. Internal-oagmetion engines of medium power ware being
maanfactured at Soviet heavy machinery plants, and smaller engines for
river etecnors vow obtained from the aut bile ear tW4aot r Industry
aid adaptod for use on steamers.
Fdvor transport plants began to nnufacturo considerable ship-
aucbanisal equipment during world Warr n. The "Toplo od." Plant began
to paoduoe 200-horsepaver vertical otoema engines and 70- end 160-
square rotor vatertube boilers, while the "Limeiada" Plaint produced
100-horoopoaer vertical engines. Other plante.?produoed.auxlllar, aeobaoiema:
pm@s and reversing Sears at the Ocrcdetak Pleat, steam-valve al *e
at the Mipyard imam Volodarekiy, gas generators at the Moacw Piant,eto.
Moaning and scientific organization have o1ded in the devolopont
of Soviet river ebipbuilding. The Central Technical Construction
Thneen of the River Fleet was established in leningred, with brash
offioes in Fbocov aid Go-- kly. Labcratorieo nerd ox3,orensnta baai a
have been sat up in Odessa, leningred, Gor'kiy, ant W31aoleyev.
The following results bare been obtained b7 scientific experiments:
1. Llethode of oalaulating ships' per'oamewo abnraoteristtirsa
(questions of bull design, emgiav speoifieations, special devices for
iaareasinj speed, etc.) have beta placed an a tba:)rstical basis, rinds
yrrollamw in aomet tion with aaus,arthlaross (stability, manaverability,
buoyancy, eta.) have been solved.
2. Ca3.a ulationo of the durabllitR - of rot al, wooden, aid reintorood-
oormete river vessels] have been determined on a theoretical basis.
3. Problems if the morhanleal equipment of vesscola; eamatsuctian
of ecineo and boilers, am:illars equipmmnt, Gas genators, etc.,
bare been given proper attention.
$. Bpooial gtret:ane have been solved in ecnnocticn with the nativity
of the River Register in regard to technical inyoetion of the operating
river fleet and sunarvision of now nhipbuil!.ing.
5. Plincciplaa of clecaifying and otsa8.^rizing vassola or the riser
fleet have bean Yaamu_tated.
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c MAL
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c(ONEWTIAL
,~j
ea
U es ooa' Light and MOM fleazible watertube boile.o vate lased,
pesamittitg alt inorsane at ataemgassute.
Canetmuotlm of a light gas-Benecator fleet and gea motors', to
operate an vat anQ.ei~al finL, vm wisp led . The new oamettatetian 6,10, to
parteitted ,a loaerine[ a? }nft1A4, e..a
g
c tiara of Fuel in PieaeI. to 4ote202 atandatd~e. Speoifio
emSIMe wee canaiC.erably louerod.
lined Mob has in been drab OVOl+2 its converting the river fleet frun liquid fuel,
{
tiar tite
air 4... acuvg ar boiler eater anIL
m" made ceoary on nee vaaaels. Tho design of intere3.-ecmbustion
eqglbmz was m i,dze zed =& brou
ht
The atemn eaeure of p, e,ee
vartablo pitcL pmPplloxa, oto Mteddin cuso or oapgdp bly VaM3,
In-
ParyxllGion Of river boats. The technical gustitfee the m
ain
engiaos were Aignffioantly laiprolrcd
deaiM vas oFfocted bJ'Nvd, ractxca l modernization of
ing the Second, Thirds:: and postwar Five Year Plane.
The basis of lebora ib4e hull dooigns Per river vessels vote selected on the
Cory a ~! practical
arch ,
ljcraetioal conatruatien work weevdono~ot pleats and Gbi eel ro,
r
SOVIet ide tochnical
obip s w MU during the Fiva- s
yew in
a
pbMi1Aing.
Altdaeugh VW803Z built A7i"4-.
veer . WO =W point to the ships builmt ' a i ' ard elegant
Plan atonic the J eoer Tolga Canal ( paa 8eoond live-Tear
and tRF), semi aslnr, to th
ads
z
being aouvatel Ft6 of river boRte Las oh8 Oasideraq: they are
primitive Fame' to
oont$ntwxas produotion vero applied !a ehiibpiid' 0=31
Goals, MA 'linen mane vtde~y.
at the a of the 7iret lYve?eesr plan electric or shipbuilding. even
VOXILZ um
need eartem3vo19
in oaostsmotian work. Dune the e.nt,A d&&-
e
derive in the vheolhouse. A tuber of auxiliary meoh sw as operated
elsetrioal.>,y,
At lneaent the mein types aF
bi
M%A uses Oantl mod ateedi],t?
~16tae-driveut freight DiCgga and It
with apeoial laming equigant in the tam of lca Y$ Ones were equipped
oj, oft. J'Amea ant vinohee,
r
--, are even mmv Pea?Asat in design.
Seats or aleepjr? .1atiema are Provided for all
pusqnSm,
G AIAP'B a4~oael an ]tetngea, etc., for Dsaeengers end crew. ins
drew, ae a rule, are looateZ'. on tLa deokg, and area
ocup3etc - end. equipped. All oabine on sts .a have radio
,
es
F
built liana for I Oot ew or file ?alga Bivear. The new v.
md rad 9 std Elan, anact the new '906261c built
durft Mme =went B'i.e-xI,eea
e
povearlul 1,200-horsup ,r t`.tgb=,,a
built the ' ~ Saba
Pl
t
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c(OWWTIAL
rtaction of intStal-eambtlstion eaginoB bas made
The intu+l
ibis to create a special fleet of small abal.lou-4ranght vesselet for
shallow rivers.
"Mier now extensive use of internal-combustion engines ban resulted in
considerable Baying (30 Percent of the total number of ships wereof this
v we-u.w}.
p,er to use coefficient of river veaseia is
gn-
new, large, 1,200-borsepoeer paddle-wheel tugs osooead the boat f9xfl
9ile cameo tonnage of river vessels has been greatly increased. The
l
of the vessels built during the last 30 lean haw ecru pmope
out greatly by reO.ucing the amount or acs ouse cd m tooriveted.
welding resulted in a 5-10 percess
vessels of before the Revolution. Reduced weight and bulk of ships tends it
possible to change over frcen peddle wheels to screws. Fast] a percent
a
e
9
new fleet has superior economical and operational qualities. Walgbt as boon
ccmmmication equipment.
sult of tselmiosl ogs+ees in Soviet river shipbuilding, the
r
A
VoW of the larger ships have telaphonus and other mechanical a. oleotrical
'1'he+ use of aeaam engines vith higher Wessurs, watertube boilers, and
eetrpeoitr of 5,000 toms we particularly -.ml.
the oansiiareble incseaee in. cargo capaelty CC steel barges bas also
remlte& in ecouasp. LW barges with a lad capacity up to 12,400 two,
uasqualad in forolgn tat*w fleet, and dry-cargo metal barges with a load
Diesels.
ataa
of fuel in the old designs. The use of modern Diesels in place of stamp
engines operating an liquid fuel has resulted in a 2(10-300 Percent
reduction in fuel aaasafnpiiem and a 10-13 percent saving over old-typo
more -to-date auxiliary nsobaniew ban made It DoeB1b1e W m=ono
l I. 10.73 paroent as cc rwt to specific conBwmtion
a
CCna eca: the Tolgs 8temm s' P ,Rlabemn (this type was
qn3 Of tbv last century until the October pevoludan); the 8teaecebtP
"m6 ariwtiaateiJa" (1,200 ho-McpMVr); the Diesel fz+ela htsr
"asmsmya"; a lia$rber for Siberian Rivers; the Diesel passenger
weasel "819m VorOehilcs"; the tog "Maker ?fszW; and the local 1-ixu3t
TaroziII" f4v the Oemal imam Moskva (ail built during the Yive?ecx
LWW-* .....--v-v-- -- ~, at this L191,a3'1: Of
produced, kart are available in the oarml d b
il' f- the
aoiee@7. a certlmeoroa!-Pr'MsotNon methods.
peaeitted up to 50 percent reduction In cost of contraction. Greater
cost reduction meta be expected an a result of oamplote assimilation of
8sriat construction of single typ4a of ships, even in pmrwar yeas,
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COMFBZBTM
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