ECONOMIC - COOPERATIVES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600210015-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 23, 2011
• Sequence Number: 15
• Publication Date: December 31, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTEL C - REPORT
ORMA
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY Yugoslavia
SUBJECT
HOW
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED July, August, September, October 1948
LANGUAGE
or my serene 57&11. -.1. ...... .......-.....--
All n: U 011111'. ITS TRM$NU$1e~ OR,TIRINYOLATIO\
Or Ifi eeNTRNT0 INUT sANNAR Ye AN ESNSNnOR1nI PARSON OA 1110-
NlunO M lira RAIAOlNCTION OP TNIr IORN II PIONIMne.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1948
DATE DIST. 31 December 1948
NO. OF PAGES
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
SOURCE Yugoslav newspapers as indicated. (Information requested.)
STATE
ARMY
ACHIEVR40PS OF VARIOUS COOPPRATIT -- Politika, No 13003, 15 Aug 48
Cooperatives in villages bf the Leekovao dietkiot are introducing oLoo-
trio lighting? The villages of Mrstane and Mir already have it, while
Yeliki Tretlani and Rudari have not up power plants. The cooperatives in
Pecejewo and Dinarso have vaguu preparations for electrifying their villages.
Food-processing is developing everywhere, and particularly among Dalmatian
cooperatives. In 1948, the coopefetivs oil factory in Pelaluka processed
193 carloads of olive oil, while 111 cooperative brickyards in the Osijek
district made bricks for building cooperative houses.
The Chief Union of Agricultural Cooperatives of Serbia has already meat
out the first shipment of agricultural machinery and tools to its farm co-
operatives, wh?.,h will fora about 1,300 machinery stations this year. Long-
term credit will be granted to cooperatives otherwise uoabl.o to purchase
the neoessauy machinery. Many cooperatives also will buy up idle ascbinetF
at second hand.
Agricultural cooperatives are working to popularise improved agrioul-
taral methods in their villages. The cooperative in MilarAn in the Dnbrovao
district,.has set up a nursery for trees, vegetables, and flowers, da Bran
Island, 12 agricultural cooperatives grow new choice varieties of grapevines.
The cooperative in Golabio, in the Bain district, has a nursery for producing
seed. In Metkovio, tLe Cooperative Union has formed a section for raising
cotton. Cooperative seed static:_, have been net Ap in 10 villages of the
Stramica district. A Cooperative on Sumac Island has its own farm, where
farmers will be able to see the advantages of applying advanced agricultural
methods. Many other coooerativo farms have been set up in Dalmatia, and
other areas.
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Selective live~,zo;k breeding is carried oh in 57 agricultural co-
operatives in Sc.hia. T,ie breeding program is practiced first in th,
most import.ut etc - aiding districts, but later will spread to other places.
The cheep-raining cooperative farm in Trgoviste has demonstrated the possibil-
ity of developing a new Yugoslav brood. Subotica, Novi Sad, Petrovao ea
Mlavi, on Brac Island, Solina, and other places have agricultural cooperatives
engaged in scientific breeding of hogs, The Kara, 7a,jeear, Nisava, and
Caribrod districts have excellent dairy organizations. Wine, figs, and olives
are processed by many Dalmatian cooperatives. Your cooperatives in the
Maker district have modern equipment for drying figs. Serbian cooperatives
are preparing to process vegetables and fruit, and to dry prunes.
Although many training courses are being given in all the Republics,
there is still a ehartage of trained personnel. Difficulties also art;:e
due to poor planning in certain cooperatives, or due to lack of cooperation
with district cooperative unions or local People's Committees.
AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES -- Politika, No 130014, 16 Aug 48
Sixty-six buying-and-selling cooperatives in the Morava district have
greatly extended their activities this year. Twenty-three agricultural
cooperatives have set up a oooperati?e economy on an area of about 350
hectares, The cooperative in l;atnn raises great quantities of 7egetables
on its 30 hectares, and will also produce choice sugir beet seed. It has
also acquired machingry for procesting milk.
Two cooperatives have bought reapers with the profits from their co-
operative economy. They have formed about 70 different proceedirg section .
Soon the crafts in every village will be absorbed into cooperatives. The
cooperative in Porod'.na has a turnery for proceeding building materials for
cooperative;-houses, and the cooperative in Stanao has a large limekiln
which also supplies lime to other ooopssatives at lees than the prevailing
coat.
Electric lighting has been introduced in eight villages, and five
others have poles and will soon have Lighting. A hydroelectric power
plant on a mountain stream to planned. Electric current will be conveyed
to 36 nn-4 villages, according to the plrn, and every village is expected to
se- up a cooperative economy.
COOPERATIVES IN THE NIS DISTRICT - - Borba, No 185, 1 Aug 48
Until 1947, cooperatives in the Nie district veers occupied ezlaly in
soiling industrial products. Recently, more and more of them are interesting
themselves in agriculture. Cooperative farming has been orgarized in sang
villages, such as Don,ja Trnava, where about 30 hectares have been cultivated
ocoperatively, cr Donji Barbee, where the cooperative has estahlished its
own farm.. Kany cooperatives are acquiring farm machinery for the use of
members and on cooperative farms. Forty-four cooperatives in the district
now have savings and loan departs.ents; about 500,000 dinare are deposited
in the de lasnica cooperative. Sixteen ;IILages, in which the cooperatives
have formed electrification sections, now have electric lights. About 40
agricultural cooperatives have formed trades sections. About 20 cooperatives
have opened. their own limekiln to supply village.- building cooperative dwell-
Inge and fur other ponatruction. The Goruji MnteJevao cooperative also has a
quarry in operation. More processing plants for milk, fruit, and vegetables
aft needed. The cooperative in veliki Kroimir is the only milk-processing
seotionpcpened so far, though the District Cooperative Union has a fruit-
processing plant. In Duna Plasm, 15 peasants have been operating a co-
operative farm.
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MS DISTRIOT COUPEIIATITEa - - Fr?1i tike, No 13002, 14 Aug 48
About 40 agricult're.l. cooperatives in the Nis district have farmed about
70 craft shops, especially blacksmith and tailor shops. The cooperatives in
Gornji Matejevac and Jelaenioa have their oven quarries, and those in Sioevo,
Mace, Don91 and Gornji MateJSvac, Banenira, Jelasnica, and Paejaca nave
winery seotions.
000PjRATI1 F, -,a4 IN SERBIA Politika, No 1.3004, 16 Aug 48
At Vrelo, 1.24 hnuseholde now belong to the agricultural cooperative, and
Ito president, recently received an award of 20,000 dinare for having made
it one of the beet cooperatives in the country.
The cooperative out 100 hectares of hay this year as well as last.
Since 1947, when the cooperative had no seed and not enough tools or harucams,
wheat, and received 118,000 dinars in advance in vanh and an equal amount in
The cooperative"s land is among the worst in Kosovo. There is never
enough water, though severe storms occur. So many workers are in the Army,
schools, or trait.ing cc,ursee that there is insufficient labor to work the
400-hootare farm. A modern stable for 40 head of large livestock has been
built; temporary, sheepfolds will be set up in 1948, and stables for horses
and pigs in 1949. The property may be transformed into a stock farm to
solve the man-power problem.
years old, it is all right; but, they reason, older children can take oars of
Otherwise, the day nursery is evoellent, with clean beds and good food, and
the director has passed a course in nursery management.
selves to community work and meals. However, this year they vseded with the
o~her women, and made twine for sheaves at home.
In 1947, 12 glpey families, who asked to Join the cooperative, wore given
a small plot each and bepame valued members of the cooperative.
In 19:9 the workers will bN divided irto groups, each of which will be
aheat, 56 of oats, and alai- barley, maize, and cabbage, aci helped build a
and boards, frail any 1!knly !: collnpsc. They have n.:, ^ultural hall, and
COOPERATIVES Th POJVODI1VA -- Politika, No 13005, 18 Aug 48
Of the agri:ultural workers of the Baranja district, 93 percent belong
to agricultural baying-and-selling cooperatives, of which there are 32 in
the district. These cooperatives are preparing to set, up a oooperative farm
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ACIIC TI'AAL PLANS IN TIN VOJYODIPA -- Politika, No 13003, 15 Aug 48
for eaeh local agricultural cooperative, and a complex of arable land
t!'teling e.bout 1,000 acres has been selected for this purpose. The agricul-
tural cooperative in garda has a factory for vinegar and soda water, and
some other factories. The agricultural cooperative In Popovac plans to i,
establish fish ponds and nurseries for propagating grapevines and fruit trees.
The me are of the cooperative are showing keen interest in estaallching a
committee for joint cultivation of the soil.
Most of the cooperatives of the Somber district already hare their own
blacksmith, whselarigat; cobbler, tailor, and machine shops, dairies and
bakeries. According to the plan, each localitf In the district will have
its cooperative committee for agriculture, animal husbandry, trade, savings,
and orea.t,,local administration, and culture and education. Only the ,vil-
lage of Ridjica, where conditions are favorable, will have a committee for
the culture of fruit and vines.
The 26 agricultural cooperatives in the Novi Sad district have set
up 34 processing plants 'so serve cooperative members and the urban food-
supply program. The most successful cooperative in the one in Raven,
which has butcher shops, blacksmith shops, and its own machinery station.
The one in Zsmjevo had, its ova bakery by the beginning of 1948, and the
now cooperative in Petrovaradls has a large mill with modern equipment.
In 1948, the cooperatives in Banostor, Temerity, and Backi Petrovac
opened their ova dairies. Backs Jarak, Temerin, Sac, Zmajevo, and Backi
COOPE9ATIP IN BOSNIA -- Borba, No 255, 20 Oct 48
The District Coope ative Union in Moetar is building three tobacco-
drying sheds, one of which has been completed. A station for agricultural
tools and machinery In Citluk has been planned. The cooperative in Jasvaf,oa
will build an incubator station, and a greenhouse for early vegetables and
tobacco seedlings will be established at Blagaj. Milk stations are to be
bail* at Krueevo and Pctooi. The 8tolac d..atriot has five tobhcso-dz7ing
sheds, and will add a greenhouse for early vegetables and tobacco seedlings,
a station for plant diseases and for oattle-reining and for fattening hogs,
blacksmith, wheelwright, and cabinetmaking workshops, a mill, and an apiary
for 150 hives. The Rudanka cooperative in the Doboj district has a cobbler
shop and a prune-drying plant. The oooperatlves in the Tecanjka district
have brickyards and limakilns. Three cooperatives in the Teillo district
are engaged in limbering, and the cooperatives in Gradaoao have a horti-
cultural farm and four brickyards. The Bratunao cooperative In the Srebrenica
district has a nursery for apple trees; the Pakovioi cooperative in the
name district has a blacksmith shopp In the Zvornik district, one cooper-
ative has a shop for making plows, two cooperatives have limekilns, and two
have brickyards. The cooperative union at Ylasenice has a motor-operated mill,
and the cooperative at T.t oe has a farm for raising swine.
SE?-CL&49 STATIONS IN CROATIA -- Politika, No 12995, 6 Aug 48
All cooperatives of the gala district have set tip stations for
cleaning seed before the 'all sowing. Efforts will be made to heeure that
all seed sown this year be previously cleaned.
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CRum--r I000fP ?TIV CCBM -- Politiks, Wo 13004, 16 Aug, 48
The Dietriot Cooperative Combine in Vojhgc has its own pabinet-
making shop in which fhr$iture is made for cooperative houses and *M068-
It also as a machine shop for repairing agricultural machinery and trucks,
as well as locksmith and blacksmith shape.
COOPERATiM IN SD&PONIAN 08LT1Sg DISTRICT - Barba, No 187, 3 Aug 48
Four cooperatives in the Osijek district already have farm property.
The cooperative in llalj now has 45 oadastral acres,'and in 1949 it will
have all the abandoned land in the village. This fall, the local cooper-
atives in the Osijek district will receive all the belonging to farmer
agricultural asoooiations now under the jurisdiction 4 local Peopieao
Committees.
Brooding ntatl.one have been establish~d by eight baying-gnu.-selling
cooperatives in the district. Soon the local cooperatives will take over
all breeding stock from agricultural crganiaatione. Building mgiern, bygl-
enio stables and securing sufficient minter feed are among their major prob-
lems. The cooperative in 8rnestinovo has built a well-planned stable, and
the cooperatives in Betfala and Vladimirovao have their by veterinary station.
and apiary. Fourteen cooperative brickworks in the district are producing
tricks for cooperative houses.
SHJBNAZING IN 8IAVONIA -- Vjeanik, No 1008, 30 Jul 48
Harmony, the shoemaking cooperative in Vukovar, has 75 members and 17
apprentices. It now prodoois about 1,000 pairs of shoes per month. It has
five subsidiaries in Vukovar.
RIJ116A (PDJME) BFFORT POOR -- Barba, No 185, 1 Aug 48
In the Rijeka district, whiob produces wine grapes, rigs, cherries,
almonds, plume, and walnuts, the cooperatives have done little to develop
fruit-groring,beekeeping, and sheep-raising.
BIOVP IAN IABOR 000PERATIVSB -- Barba, No 187, 3 Aug 48
This year the number of farm labor cooperatives in Slovenia has risen
rrom 250 to 1,176.
According to the present plan, most cooperatives will receive farm land
Some factories in Slovenia are not filling ord-~re from agricultural
oboperatives. For example, badly needed irou f$= implements have been
hold for some time in the warehouse of the District Business Union in Novo
lljesto. Prices for these tools have not been fixed.
COOPffitATITES 0 BANJA IUSA D18TBICT -- Barba, BO 185, 1 Aug 48
Tnough several processing plants ;nave been set up in the district by buy-
ing-and-selling cooperatives, these plants are short of mate^ials and space,
both of which could be provided. The cooperatives kften buy materldus for
these plants on the free market, and the fasasrs themselves are often required
to procure matririals for manufacture and repair of articles. Itis*seps
production below capacl.ty, especially in wheelwright and blackumith shape.
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The District Cooperative Union'hasdifficulty in obtaining space for
cooperative stores and shops because the District People's Committee does
act cooperate as well as it could. In Slatina, an entertainment firm moved
into the cooperative's location, and the cooperative moved to a cellar
there it could not carry on its buying-and-selling or processing activitNs.
In Iaranovao the space which was previously assigned to the cooperatives has
been taken over by a private, tavern, and the cooperative has kovod to a:
damaged abed.
Many cooperatives have peoome interested in procuring agriou tural
machinery, banking, and purchase of milk and other agricultural produots.
Many cooperatives are capable of establishing milk-processing stations.
1IlW C00PEPATIP& 8TH -- Gelobodjenje, No 589, 13 Sep 48
The new cooperative stores opened recently in Baeja luka include two
textile stores, can for controlled and one for fees sale, two groceries,
one restaurant, two butcher shops, a dairy, a stationery store, two haber-
'dasheries, and a store for iaesvare and dishes.
IN VDIr -- Politika, No 13002, 14 Aug 48
In Montenegro, 65,396 persons belonged to o0opera*ives at the beginning
their provisions from cooperative stores. There are now 26 cooperative rn
markets and 232 retail stores in the Republic, and 125 more cooperative
markets and 116 retail stores are to be opened in 1948. look of experience
in management and a shortage of trained bookkeeping and financial prrsonael
have posed a serious organisational problem.
In 1947, there were only four farm workers' cooperatives in Montenegro=
at the beginning of 1948, there were 19. Your hundred eighty-two households,
or 2,300 ,isdivlduals, have joined such organizations. Most of the tars work
ers' cooperatives are in the Besse and Bjelopoljo districts. Most members
have voluntarily contributed practically all their property to the cooperative
holdings. Of the cooperatives' 1,929 heotares, 1,927 were contributed by the
members. Most of the property is cropland and meadow, and most of the erc9-
land is planted iau grain, while cotton and other industrial plants are groan
over a large area. The Birane, Andrijorloa, and Bjelopolje districts in
particular have favorable conditions for the development of agriculture,
animal husbandry, and fruit-growing. Toterleary science and beekeeping are
also being developed. Barns, dehydrating plants, veterinary hospitals,
apiaries, and other building are being built. Work is organised by the
brigade system, usu..aly with working soma. Advanced agricultural methods
are practiced on the farms. dizty-one cooperative dwellings were built in
Montenegro this year.
PROJl0DT8 III YW.ZDOIIIA -- Borba, In 187, 3 Aug 48
The projects which the Union of Buying-and-gelling Cooperatives plans to
establish in 19 districts by the end of 1948 include 150 machinery stations,
140 seed centers, 25 workshops, 380 breeding stations, 146 saving and loan
seotioae, 16 incubator stations, 126 veterinary stations, and 127 aviaries.
In addition, the District Cooperative Union will set up 12 machinery stations,
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Puy: ;,6 h ying-and-selling cooperatives .n the Strumica district have
a virtual trade monopoly in their villages since private commerce was
eliminated In 1947. .By the middle of July 1948 the Union of District
Gooperritiree in Stru_,aica had bought manufactured goods worth 91,937,000
dinar9at fixed prices, and, in June alone, 3,800,000 dinars' worth of {
agricultural produce.
This year, cooperative eatat3c were formed in Turnovo, Murtino, said
laabi'ja, the last consisting of 20 heotaree. By fall, eight more villages
will hove cor;perative farms for fattening hoge. Cooperative seed stations
are being forme3 in tan villages of the district. During the summer, the
plots with tue best crops are selected and blocked off for seed production.
By the end of 1948, the cooperatives will have about 20 seed stations. Four-
teen cooperatives have established sections for agricultural-machinery
gerrice. The Distriot Union of Cooperatives has ordered 43 large agricultural
machines and much other equipment.
Cooperatives have taken over 13 water mills from local Peop'le's
Committees. A cooperative in Bosturino has opened a limekiln. Two dgiry
cooperatives are operating in Pasi-ljevo and Strumica, Six cooperative
handicraft shops have been opened, and preparations are betag made to open
34 more., This year, 13 cooperative sheep farms will be organized in mountain
villages; in other villages, five oooperatiie drying plants for tobacco,
fruit and vegetables, 21 veterinary stations and 18 apiart_ee will be built;
cooperative bakeries will be opened in 15 villages; three cooperatives will
begin a fruit-tree nursery; and two vi?Aages will build hotbeds for ?age-
table-seed production.
Some villages, including Vasiljevo, aradosorci, and Angeloi, have
already set up farm workers' cooperatives, and it is believed that may more
will be formed by the and of 1948. The present buying-and-selling ooopera-
tives will be transformed into commercial-retail sections of these cooperatives.
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