ECONOMIC - STANDARD OF LIVING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600210319-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 23, 2011
• Sequence Number: 319
• Publication Date: March 14, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/24: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600210319-5
LANGUAGE
CLAS (CATION 12EaThIC19SD
CL14TRAL INTELL G CE G NCY REPORT
INFORMAT ED,
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY Tugoslavia
SUBJECT Economic - Standard of living
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED Yugoslavia
DATE
PUBLISHED Novenber 1948
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DATE DIST. f1 )arch 1949
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
STANDAtW LTY1Bfi -- Borba, zo 286, 25 Nov 48
If the averagq prewar %sonRumption of goods and gerviosa per capita in
Yugoslavia is taken as 100, the postwar standard of living i.e.,average
expenditure for goods and services, my be expressed as follows:
193
9
1945
1947
1
948
Food
100
60.92
82.14
1
02.28
Clothing
100
20.45
78.92
1
02.19
shoes
100
23.38
58.08
97.63
Fuel
100
88.67
90.38
97.42
Light
100
0.79
166.62
3
00.71
Recreation and medical
care 100
22.51
96.59
1
32.07
Social life
100
67
148
1
72
Since 1945, purchases of household goods have more than doubled. By
1941, expenditures for nultural and sporting goods increased 45 tines, and
purchases of hygienic and sanitary goods were four times greater than in 1945.
The average standard of living which was only about 54.88 percent of the
prewar Vgure in 1945, should exgeed the :mewaly figure by the and of 148, ac-
cording to the plan, which in general is being fg1fillsd.
The rglative position of the bourgeoisie has 'peon deteriorating steadily
from year to year; their stendn d of living has fallen, and they are no longer
able to op61i sthe rational incaoq. Neunvhile the standard of living of the
STAT
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laboring classes has risen out of proportion to the indications of the table. In
1-937, the snll group of the urban bourgeoisie Brew 46.18 percent of the national
income, the bourgeois government 15.9 percent, and the working classes, including
white-collar workers, 14.2 percent. In 1948, however, rural and urban capitalistic
elements received only 11.22 percent gross and 4.45 percent net of the national
income, the socialist government, 38.33 percent, and laborers and white-collar
workers, 25.07 percent. The remaining 25.38 percent went to craftsmen and to farmers
with medium or small farms.
1939 194 1947
1948
Cotton cloth for men's
clothing
Cotton cloth for under-
wear
Cotton dress goods
100
15,87
68.11
140.17
Woolens for
clothing
men's
100
69.12
106.05
126.92
Leather shoos
t0i
31.28
58.95
110
Purchases of farm implements 3... tools for handiorerts have increased sub-
stantially. Sales of plows, for example, have more than doubled since the war,
sales of other farm implements have almost doubled, sales of craftsmen's tools
have Increased one and one-half times, sales of motor vehicle equipment are 15
percent greater, and 34 percent more nails are-being sold than before the war.
Per oapita consumption of basic foodstuffs in kilograms is 4bova in the
following table:
1939
1945
1247
1948
Bread grains
395.64
294.96
321.52
342.98
Fate
14.10
8.10
9.53
14.7
Sugar
20.49
12.94
21.97
23.60
Meat products
0.59
1.41,
2.49
1.66
By 1951 the national income in Yugoslavia will increase 93 percent, from
132 btl.lion dinars in 3939 to 255 billion and the average per capita income will
increase correspondingly from 2,484 to 15,625.
the basic prerequisite for further improvement in the etmAe? of living
is the develo at of heavy industry. Iron and steel, for example, are in-
dispensable ,.or the mechanization of agriculture and for light industry, on
which the standard of living di'.ectly depends. The Five-Year Plan provides
per capita increases by 1951 in the production of coal aott steel, amounting to
about 300 percent; electric power, about 400 percent; fans machinery, 900 per-
cent. Most of the investment called for under the Plan is for the development
of heavy industry. Production of ocnsumer goods, according to the plan, will
increase over 200 percent over 1939 :or textiles, 250 percent for shoes, 400
percent for furniture, 150 percent for lard, 300 percent for vegetable oils,
200 percent for sugar, 1,600 percent for preserved fruits ant vegetables, ad
900 perovnt ?or moat prod.uctu.
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HOUSING DEVELOPME1 3 IN 3 L ADE Pclitika, 11o 13091, .?6 1Sov 48
The Jive-Tear Plan calls for the erection of 25,000 housing units in
Belgrade, about 8,000 of which are to be built next year. Restrictions on
building materials mks it imperative that new construction methods and materials
be developed.
A factory for cinder blocks has been built at the "Elektricna Centrala"
(Blectric Power Plant) on the Danube. The large capacity of this factory will
help to relieve the shortage of brick.
The "Polet" Construction enterprise has developed a metI;ou for using reeds
which grow in the marshes in unlimited quantities as a building material. A
one-story building erected on Gavriloviceva Street is built of wood and reed
blocks: The wooden framework we cut beforehand and assembled on the site. Than
a doh wall of reed blocks, with an air space between, was applied, The walls
were spread with stucco, and the building was-finished.
The essential advantage of such contraction is that the parts can be pre-
fabricated by mass production, and that they can be asa?mtbled by unskilled labor.
The lightness of the materials makes-the work quicker and easier. The only
disadvantage 40 the high cost of the blocks, 165 dinars per square meter. Two
large presses which will out the cost is half have Just been purchased.
By substituting reinforced concrete for the wooden framework buildings of
several stories can be built.
A ocsenmity of 17 apartment buildings is now being built of reed blocks in
Vosdovao IF suburb of Belgrade. This winter will test their practicability and
determine how many will be built in 'this manner during the next building season.
folitika, No 13062, 23 Oct 48: Each building will have two or four apart-
nents, each with one or two bedrooms, living room, and kitchen. They are not
regarded as barracks, nub will be tastefully furnished end arranged to give the
impression of a small o' unity villa.
The reed blocks are applied to the walls as a facing 5 centimeters thick.
The buildings will be ready for oocupanoy as soon as the construction is finished
because it in ,t ncss d to nit for them to dry out-7
:BUIIDIIG AOTIMI'iZ IN BOSNIA -- P9litika, No 13070, _ Nov 48
Rader the auspices and direction of the Ooxn mist Party, 119,500 dvellinga in
villages of aosnia and Hercegovina m:re repaired and 2,000 new ones built during
19+48. In the cities 6,161 dwellings were repaired and 1,853 new ones built,
besides 1,330 now un&sr construction. Eighty-six hospitals and over 1,200
-,altfmsntary and secondary schools and universities have been repaired. or built.
yurtheinore, 350 kilometers of steatard-geuge ana 35 kilometers of narrow-
gangs railvey have been built.
Members of the People's Front have repaired 7,592 kilometers of road, out
147 kilometers of new road, built 75 kilometers of telephone line, and built or
repaired 2,698 meters of bridges this year.
HOUSING JOB 1IUBS -- Politika, No 13083, 17 Nov 48
Housing bas been prepared for over 2,000 miners at the Zaeavaki mines,
470 at Nxeka, 40i, at Breza, and about 200 workers' families at aakna~ it is not
clear whether the Eraka and Breza figures are for individuals or families
The bossing game at Baeavioi, BorrTrepoa, and some other mines have slowed doer
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eonssiderabl7. and very little attention has been paid to the problem at Zen1Ga,
v ere there are not more than 32 dwelling unite.
COOPHEPA'TM HOWIRQ -- Borba, No 235, 24 Nov 48
Pour thoosead cooperative dwellings are now being built in Yugoslavia,
1,253 of these in Serbia, 227 in the Vojvodina, 174 in Kosovo and l4etohija,43O
of a projected500 in Bosnia and Hercegovina, 1,03.9 in Croatia, 197 of a pro-
jeeted 356 in)lcedonia, 57 in )Montenegro, and 529 in Slovenia. According to
present indications; the plan should b$ realized this year.
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