SCIENTIFIC - PLANT HORMONES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600210779-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 23, 2011
• Sequence Number: 779
• Publication Date: April 5, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/24: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600210779-5
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
DATE
CENTRAL INTELI RL,'tNCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
DATE DIST. 3'Apr i l 1994 9
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
PUBLISHED 11 July 19118
LANGUAGE Russian
Prof Yu. nakatin and K. Ovcharov
It is customary to consider growth substances, or growth hor-
mones (Phylo-hormones), as regulators of plant growth. As IS well
known, growth substances which form to plants are necessary growth
factors and regulators of food distribution. Thus, if the lamina of
the leaf, that is, that part of the leaf in which occurs not only
the formation of surars and albumins but also growth substances, is
cat off, the petic_., withers away, If, however, a paste containing
the growth substance is applied cn the end of the petiole where the
lamina vas, the petiole will survie.
A similar situation is obsurved among fruit-bearing plants.
The growth substances produced in the fruit seed which flow down
the fruit stem delay the formation of the detaching layer, thereby
aiding the fruit in holding on to the plant. With the maturing of
the fruit, the formation of growth substances is sharply decreased.
This leads to the rapid formation of the detaching layer and hastens
Kommunist Tadzhikistana, No 138, 1948. (Information requested.)
PROSPECTS OF USING GR.OWTR SUBSTANCES IN PLANT CULTIVATION
ducing synthetic growth :ubstances into the fruit, experiments
have shown that the r~mova_ of seed3 from the cotton boll and the
will keep the boll from falling off. Quite a different phenomenon`
boll in this case falls in a few days. Why does the application of
growth r?ibstances have such a positive effect? $talles on this
q;:aation proved that t:ie intro .n of growth substancesincreases
Findings made by the expedition of the institute of Plant
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50X1-HUM
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of Sciences USSR have snown that it is actually possibit to retard
both the fall of the leaves and th? fru".t by the appl',:.tion of
these growth substances. Practical application of this characteristic
of the growth substances was decided upon to prevent the fail of
cotton bolls.
oitivo results ,r. nd proved that cotton
produced positive
Experiments
shrubs sprayed at an appropriate time with a solution of growth sub-
stances had a smaller percentage of fallen bolls, This fact is
of practical value and indicates the necessity in organizing appro-
priate work an the largest possible scale..
Experiments with tomatoes have likewise produced pnai.tive re-
sults. Application of growth substances on flowering racemes improved
the rel+ttion between the fruit and the plant and promoted the growth
and ripening of the fruit. The yield from treated plants also proved
to be larger.
Both the data acquired by the expedition and the results of
other investigations show that an increase of two to three times in
the tomato crop depends not only on the decrease in the fall of the
flowers but also on the basis that the fruit was considerably larger
in size than the control fruit. Thus, for example, if the average
weight of the fruit from the control plant of the Tuksvud ~Tuckswocd?7
variety is 65.6 grams then the fruit from the treated plant -elghed
164:3 grams. The quality is likewise improved along with this con-
siderable increase in weight.
If the growth substance falls on flowers which have not been
fertilized, seedless fruit is formed. The seedless fruit far surpasses
the seeded fruit in quality, The ease with which tomatoes maybe
treated with growth substances, the high degree of effectiveness
of this method, and the possibilities of producing seedless fruit bS
this means accentuate the desirability of introducing this work in
1948 on the widest possible scale.
TI'e application of these growth substances to tomatoes has be-
comethe objective of not only the scientific and experimental
institutions but also of the kolkhozes, sovkhozes, and individual
truck farmers in many USSR republics.
The application of growth substances to prevent the fall of
tomatoes proved similarly promising on other fruits as well. Thus,
according to the findings of Professors Yu. V. Rakitin and S. V.
Krylov, the spraying of growth substances reduced the falling of
apples one-fourth to one-sixth.
That seedless fruit can be obtained with the aid of growth
substances can be bated on the fact that while the growth substances,
necessary for the growth of the fruit, are supplied by the seeds
and without which the fruit itself will not grow, it is also knows
that certain types of grapes, cucumbers, and a number of other plants
have no seeds at all and yet in these cases the growth substances are
available in sufficient quantity in the unfertilized germ. When
the growth substances are introduced into unfertilized flowers, the
growth of the fruit is stimulated even though no seeds are present.
Experiments on the application of growth substances in aiding stalks
to take root have also produced some interesting results The stalks
of the Tadzhik dandelion, discoverer) by Prof P.I. Ovchinnikoy,
take root more energetically than the control plants when the growth
substances are applied in an optimum concentration. A,plication of
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greater doses of growth substances on the dandelion brought about a
delay in the formation of leaves and a greater abundance of roots
These results prove once more that leaves are much more sensitive
than roots to supplementary applications of the growth substances.
It is precisely this that explains the fact that the application
of identical quantity of growth substances inhibits the development
of the leaves and stimulates the formation of roots. These present
experi=nents refute once again the claims of certain foreign scien-
tints that there are specific substances, the hormones, which affect
only the formation of items, roots, or flowers.
The study of growth substances is a new division of plant
physiology, but in spite of this it has provenits worth in playing
an outstanding role in the discoveries of plant secrets. Growth
processes in any desirable botanical field are made possible with
the aid of these growth substances.
There exists in Tadzhik 3S1 a great field for theadditiorial
use of growth substances un a large scale, but their application
must proceed with the following objectiveso
1. Control of the fall of cotton buds and bolls as well as
the fail of flowers and fruits of apricot, peach, apple, pomegranate
and other trees.
2. Use of growth substances for increasing the roots of
dandelions, the best types of local and Japanese mulberry trees, the
plane tree, poplar, and sugar cane. Growth substances are being
widely used by the Pakhtaabad ester-bearing plant station in
aiding the geranium to take root and increase the yield of this
valuable crop.
3. Devising of methods for destroying weeds.
4. Use of growth substances to delay he flowering buds of
almond, peach, apricot, and other trees and preserve the blossoms
against spring frosts. These substances can also be used to inhibit
thz sprouting of potatoes and preserve the qualitative and planting
characteristics,
5. Increasing the yield and obtaining seedless fruit from
tomatoes and other plants.
At the All-Union Conference on growth substances recently held
in Moscow, speakers from Republic scientific institutions pointed
out that the use of growth substances is not limited to the atove-
mentioned data, but could be successfully applied in many other
fields of agriculture. When combined with high agrarian technology.
these substances have a particularly great effect.
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