ECONOMIC - RAIL TRANSPORTATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250120-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 1, 2011
• Sequence Number: 120
• Publication Date: August 29, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250120-0
CENTRAL INTLLLI ENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
?4onthl;f periodical
Warsaw
may 1949
Sill SOCIM!MT 1117119 II}1IM*7OI MFMCPne TMI M*Tioal! 08AM91
01 "I 1111101 IT/10s ?ITO1% 111 MW1MI or NMOMWI ACT Ie
N. A. C.. 11 1MS II... *01150. Yn TMISe1sW1M e1 de MI1pAnel
01 in Co11 0111 II AMT MIIMII 10 AN 5O*I f0Imt % SIICJ II, MO?
Mnife n MI. IIPI/NCSnI Of Till FINN Is mm-T&e.
STAT
DATE DIST_? +,ug1949 .
NO. OF PA-",ES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT, NO.
THIS IS LINE'/ALUATED INFORMATION
TRANSPORTATIONPZAN FOR 1949
Standard Gauge Railroads
No adequate data exists to show the increase In the volume of production in
1947 over 1946. From data available on the most important products we can assume
that in 1947 production increased 25 percent over 1946. On the other hand, freight
carried by railroads increased from 67 million tone in 1946 to 89 n:l.ilion tons in
1947, an increase of 32.9 percent.
The National Economic Plan for 1948 estimated that production world increase
23 percent over the planned production of 1947. However, railroad freight traffic
increased from 89 million tone in 1947 to 113 million tons in 1948, an increase
of 27 percent.
The National Economic Plan for l9119 efts up the increase in total production
over the planned production of 1948 at 21 - 23 percent. The quota for railroad
freight traffic, set up in the plan for 1949, is 130 million tons or 30 percent
larger than the 1948 quota of 100 million tons. The planned increase in railroad
freight traffic exceeds the planned increase in total production by 8 percent,
creating a reserve which past experience has shown to be necessary.
On the basis of freight traffic planned for 1948 and 1949, the increase in
1949 is 30 percent over 1948. However, the freight traffic Tanned for 1949 is
only 15 percent greater than actual freight carried in 1948 113 million tons
instead of 100 million tons planne7. Therefore, a 15-percent increase in capacity
should be ample to take care of the 1949 plan.
Since the yearly increase of freight care in operation is incommensurably
smaller than the increase in freight ce.rried, the railroad administration will be
forced to equalize the distribution of freight over the 12 months to avoid sharp
peak loads in the fall. The efficiency of transport should also be increased by
developing a more advantageous average turnaround time for freight cars.
EX
sRS
f~l I
Psirninven
IeuTIOH
l
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In 1947 the actual turnaround time of a. fright car was 8.38 days and in 1948,
6.92 deys (planned 7.53); th :.1949 plan c-17 - --, fn- 6,,3days. The average comflieroia];
sped in frei-? ht traffic was 13,!t ki:lc ,_ er pcr hour is 1.947, 15.4 in 1948 (planned
I i.
To attain an even distribution of freight, the cooperation of shippers will
ale required; a markeu improvement in the efflci of Vie railroad personnel. will
be necessar ;,ince aconsi'.erable reduction in fe_,o Is foreseen in 1949.
The 19 plan estimates the total freight traffic at 130 million tone
of
,
which 11.? mil'ion tons will be commercial freight and the balance of 17.3 million
tone will comprise official and military freighi,
The commercial freight will include 7h.8 million tons of domestic consignments,
]
il
t
3
lion
m
ons of exports, 5.1 million tons of imports, and 1.8 million tons of
transit goods.
In 1947, 21.3 billion ton-kilometers ware achieved; in 1948 th plan called
for 28.2 billion ton-kilcm!eters but actual freight traffic was 32 billion ton-
kilometers. The 1949 plan calls for 32.65 billion ton-kilometers, using 251.2
kilometers as the average transport of one ton of freight.
It is equally important to estimate accurately both the average distance carried
for one ton of freight and the total volume of freight to be carried. The average
distance traveled of one ton of freight is a variable quantity and depends a great
deal on whether the exports and imports are shipped through the seaports or by over-
land route. The average of 251.2 kilometers for one ton of freight as planned for
1949 was corked out very carefully and is based on the results of 1948 and data for
191.9.
It has already been mentioned that total production is correlated with total
,ransport so that the volume of freight can be calculated, given the volume of
production. No such basis exists, however, on which to estimate passenger traffic.
The volume of passenger traffic depends on many economic, cultural, and social
factors. Irrational factors also have an influence so that an accurate estimate
of passenger traffic is difficult.
In 1946, the railroads carried 245 million passengers, in 1947, 331 million;
and in 19)!8, 387 million instead of the 320 million estimated in the plan.
According to the 1949 plan, the estimated volume of passenger traffic is 390
million which is on],, a 0.4-percent increase over the volume of passengers carried
in 1948. In prewar years, the volume of passenger traffic reached its peak in.
1938 -- 226 million.
I
Although the population of Poland decreased from 35 million, the prewar figure,
to 24 million at present, an unusual increase in the number of travelers has been
noted since the war. This movement was influenced by the vigorous resettlement
activities, the excessive development of small trade, unlicensed trade, migration
of people looking for work or frequently shifting positions, and changes in the
economic structure of Poland. In estimating further increases in passenger traffic,
it should be remembered that passenger traffic is lessening as conditions are being
stabilized and the necessity for traveling no longer exists.
In 1947. 17.9660.000.000 passenger-kilometers were nrhipvart_; in 194g, 18,5nn n,00,070
(plan called for 16,500,000,000); and the 19119 plan cotimates the figure at
18,240,000,000. The relatively sall. increase in the number of ncssenger-kilometers
as compered with the increase in the number of travelers is the result of the decrease
in the average distance traveled by one traveler which in 107 was 54.2 kilometers,
in 1948, 48.6 kilometers (plan estimated 50.0 kilo,.icters), and according to the
1819 plan will be 46.7 kilometers. The average passenger-kilometer noted in the early
portwar period (L014 , 64 kilometers) was unmsra]1;: influenced by the factors
responsible for the increased passenger tra..'ic; a gradual reduction in the average
passenger-kilometer can be expected.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250120-0
per hour, J1n,1948, 30.4'kilomsters per, ho,+, (pla.n estimated- 32-kilometers p*'h
riairow~.Gauge Railroads
6,900,060 tons (126 million ton-kilometere).ani passengers carried at 32,5Q0,000
(540 million passenger-kilomotere),. These estimates are about 2 percent over
actual' figures for 194.8,
(Polokieholeje Panstwowe, Polish State Raiiroade) ae of 1 January 1949, eight
Form of Transport
Total passengers carried
1,000 persons
30,776
50,000
58,000
State enterprise
13,040
23,500
32,800
th
17
736
26
500
25
200
O
er
,
,
,
Total freight carried
1,000
tono
817
3,300
7,050
State enterprise
"
153
800
3,300
Other
664
2,500
3,750
State inland waterways
Total passengers carried
1,000 persons
301.2
523
731.4Lic7
On the Wisla
"
278.6
443
696.4
On the Odra
22.6
80
35.6
Total freight, carried
1;000
tons
183
556
1,000.6ficj
On the Wisla
86
179
300
On the Odra
97
377
700
Air transport
Total passengers carried
1,000 persons
59.8
1
83
95
ht
t
l
55
8
76.5
80
ic f
ig
s
Domes
International flights
"
.
6.5
6.5
15
Total freight carried
1,000
'tons5i27*
630
850
1,100
Domestic flights
401
550
660
International flights
"
"
229
300
440
Totatl passengers carried
1,000 persons
31,136.8
50,606.8
58,826fsi T
~Br.
Total freight carried
1,000
tons
1 00 6
8
3,8 6.
si
8, o5150
f1
.8
o
/
%* - Probably should be tons.
Comvare totals at bottom of table]
Public motor vehicles
In connection with the table above, the following noints,should be noted:
-3-
w_
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/07/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600250120-0
1. Motor Vehicle Transport
Freight traffic on the Wisla, in cmparlsnn.with railroad freight traffic, was
in a critical condition due to lack of consignments, Water freight rates are not
much lower than railroad freight rates, offering no inducement to shipping on the WIsla.
According to agreement
the Ministry of Industry and Trade will allot this
,
enterpriso 200,192 tons of freight in 1949 which should greatly alleviate this
situation. Increased freight traffic on the Odra depends on the acquisition of
adequate equipment,
3. Air Transport
According to plan, .aviation will endeavor to develop long.dietanoe lines,
that is, international flights, leaving domestic flights at their present levels.
The 1949 plan estimates passenger traffic in international flights as 21 times
greater than that of 1948.
Conclusions
Railroads will retain'first place almost at an unchanged level. The table
below, which shows the percentage of participation of the various divisions of trcnepor-
tation under discussion in the total volume of traffic, indicates that certain eh+.fts
will take place in favor of motor-vehicle traffic in both passengers and freigLt.
Actual Volume of Traffic in 1948
Passengers
Form of Transport
Million
Pass
Railroads {standard
and narrow-gauge)
41?_.8
Motor vehiclea
50.0
Navigation flnlanQ
0.5
Air transport
0.1
Ral]Tnad ~qtn- nNI~ AT1
narrow-gauge)
422,5
Motor vehicle
58.0
Navigation Einland
0.7
Air transport
0.1
481,3
Percent
89.2
10.7
0.1
0
87.8
12.1
0.1
0
Million
Ions
Percent
119.8
96.8
3.3
2.7
0.0
0.5
0
0
136.9
94.4
j.l
4.9
0
G
0
0
100% 145.0
IDED
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