SOVIET WORK ON GAS ANALYSIS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330244-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 244
• Publication Date: July 28, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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CONFIDENTIACONFIDEN I t L
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Scientific - Chemistry, gas analysis
HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly and bimonthly periodicals
WHERE
PUBLISHED USSR
DATE
PUBLISHED Sep 1949 - Jan 1950
LANGUAGE Russian
THIN DNINT CONTAIN/ INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF TNI ONITID ITATIS WITHIN TNI NNANING or ESPIONAGE ACT NO
N. N. C.. 21 AND 2:.A8 ANIRMID. ITS TNANINNOION oN TNI NITILATION
MINITTOODC a, LAW. I IIPNODUCTIOlN1 OOF rxli TONS INI PONE ITID. II rNO?
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1949 - 1950
DATE DIST. ,t B Jul 1950
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
SOVIET WORK ON GAS ANALYSIS
fffumbers in parentheses refer to appended sources .7
At the opening meeting of the conference on gas analysis convened by the
Commission of Analytical Chemistry of the Department of Chemical Sciences,
Academy of Sciences USSR, in Moscow on 24 - 26 February 1949, (1) I. V. Tana-
nayev gave a detailed account of the contemporary status of gas analysis and
its importance in industry. He pointed to the necessity for very sensitive
methods to detect minute traces of gases in industry and stated that automat-
ization of the analysis, and microtechnique should form the bases of all gas
analysis.
During the first two sessions of the conference reports on the analysis
of natural gases were given. Doctor of Chemical Sciences E. K. Gerling gave
a general evaluation of the analysis of natural gases. Doctor, of Chemical
Sciences V. A. Sokolov reported on methods of analysis of natural gases based
on the absorption of the various components with suitable reagents. and the use
of gas analysis in the gas and oil industries (in all stages of the technology
of these industries). N. M. Turkel 'taub dealt with the adsorption method for
the fractional determination of small concentrations of methane, ethane, and
heavy hydrocarbons used in the geochemical exploration of petroleum. Prof
L.?A.. Potolovskiy named several methods and apparatus used in the analysis., of
hydrocarbon gases and in the Central Scientific Research Institute of Aviation
Fuels 'and Oils; he included a detailed description of the sulfuric acid method
and the quantitative determination of isobutane?in cracking gases.. Prof A. A.
Cherepennikov described his research work on the gases of potassium deposits,
results of which have been used for some time as the basis for gas determina-
tion and gas control in the Solekamskiy Mines. Candidate of Chemical Sciences
M. G. Gurevich told of his original research on methods and apparatus for the
analysis of coal gases (of interest both in explaining the formation of coal
and in solving the practical problems of the'Soviet coal industry).
wr~~Tlll
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The next two sessions were devoted to reports on the analysis of indus-
trial gases, Candidate of Chemical Sciences M. M. Faynberg reviewed contem-
porary methods for automatic industrial analysis of gases, including the de-
termination of oxygen, the analysis of multicomponent mixtures, and the de-
termination of combustible gases in the air, as well as some general problems
of gas methodics in the development of apparatus for this analysis. Doctor
of Physicomathematicat Sciences M. L. Veyngerov presented results of the use
of the opticoacoustic method for gas analysis.
Candidate of Technical Sciences A. G. Amelin described the photoelectric
method of analyzing gases through the formation of aerosols and gave results
of experiments conducted in the Scientific Research Institute of Fertilizers
and Ins'~ctofungicides which showed the possibility of determining the mois-
ture in gases by using simple apparatus which give an accuracy sufficient for
technical purposes. Candidate of Technical Sciences T. A. Zikeyev gave a de-
tailed report on the requirements which adsorbents of oxygen must satisfy and
told of work done in this connection at the All-Union Thermotechnical Insti-
tute. Candidate of Chemical Sciences M. I. Dement'yeva evaluated methods of
analysis of the C2 fractions of hydrocarbon gases, with emphasis on the errors
caused by improper selection of the required absorption methods and a descrip-
tion of methods designed for greater accuracy.
Engineer N. A. L'vov described the electrical gas analyzers built by the
Soviet Instrument Construction Industry. Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
A. V. Trofimov reported on the determination of the isotopic composition of
gases -- a new and very important field -- giving the principles of isotopic
mass spectral analysis and'results:,of such'studies.
The fifth and final session consisted of the following reports: Candi-
date of Biological Sciences 0. D. Khalizova described the use of gas analysis
in industrial-hygiene chemistry to detect and to determine quantitatively
harmful substances in the air of industrial installations; S. S. Gurvich, Sen-
ior Scientific Associate of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of
Labor Welfare, related methods developed by his institute for the determina-
tion of small concentrations of vinyl acetate, acetone, aniline, and sulfur
dioxide in the air; and Candidate of Biological Sciences Ye. A. Peregud de-
scribed a gas analyzer-colorimeter of the visual type constructed by the State
Scientific Research Institute of Labor Hygiene and Disease Prevention, an ap-
pliance to determine harmful gases in the air.
Resolutions concerning organizational problems, the production of appa-
ratus for gas analysis, the production of reagents necessary for gas analysis,
research, experimental, and construction work necessary to produce accurate
apparatus, personnel requirements, and published literature were then adopted
by the conference. These resolutions (2) are summarized as follows:
It was decided to enlist the aid of the Ministry of Higher Education to
further the training of personnel in analytical chemistry and also to induce
a wider range of subjects for dissertations. It was decided also to request
the All-Union Chemical Science Society imeni D. I. Mendeleyev to establish a
group for gas analysis in the society's analytical chemistry section. The
need for handbooks and reference books on the subject was cited.
Other recent work on gas analysis includes the following:
On the basis of work done in the Laboratory of Organic Catalysis imeni
Academician N. D. Zelinskiy of Moscow State University and in the Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry of Saratov Agricultural Institute, N. Z. Kotelkov of
the latter organization presented suggestions (3) fDr improving gas analysis
apparatus originally constructed by the VTI (All-Union Thermotechnical Insti-
tute). In this study of VTI apparatus, Kotelkov investigated the catLlytic
oxidation of gaseous mixtures of H2 and CHi with palladium deposited on
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CONFIDENTIAL
nichrome, and of CO, H2, and CH4 with platinum deposited on nichrome. He was
Fisher
of cupric oxide
able to establish that, in the VTIppara tus, the
could be replaced successfully by the
sity of a container for additional oxidation over a platinum wire was thus
eliminated. With platinized nichrome, carbon monoxide was quantitatively de-
termined by oxidation, and the necessity for its absorption in absorption con-
tainers is eliminated. :Kotelkov also suggested other concentrations of bro-
mine and pyrogallol aiud mentions that A. A. Tolstopyatova and associates at
the Laboratory of Organic Catalysis imeni Academician-N. D: Zelenskiy of Mos-
cow State University have made a similar suggestion.
1. "In the Department of Chemical Sciences, Conference on Gas Analysis,"
Vestnik Akademii Nauk SSSR, No 9,
2. "Resolutions of the Conference on Gas Analysis...," Zhurnal Analitiche-
skoy Khimii, Vol iv, No 6, 1949.
3. N. Z. Kotelkov, "The Analysis of Gases With VTI Apparatus," Zhurnal
Analiticheskoy Ithimii, Vol V, No 1, 1950.
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