CCP REPORTS FOOD PRODUCTION, EVIDENCES OF FARM MECHANIZATION; KIANGSU IMPROVES COTTON STRAIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330667-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 667
• Publication Date: August 9, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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-CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIALY~~~~~~~~~{, 50X1-HUM
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS. CD F:O.
SUBJECT Economic -Agriculture
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE 1; yang-thou; Hong Kong;
PUBLISHED Tientsin; Shangha
New 'York
DATE
PUBLISHED 24 May - 20 Jul 1950
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DATE OF
INFORMATION 195G
DATE DIST. q Aug 1950
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SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT N0.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CCP REPORTS FOOD PRODUCTION,
EVIDENCES OF FARM MECHANIZATION;
KIANGSU IMPROVES COTTON STRAIN
ESTIMATES CHINA'S WHEAT CROP -- Hong Kong Wen-hui Pao, 4 Jul 50
Peiping, 3 July (Hain-hua) -- The wheat harvest has now been pmto~ldof
in most of China and the 1950 Yield compares favorably with 1949.~d prelimi-
375 million mou was devoted to wheat 30 million more than 199,
nary estimates indicate that the yield will reach 1+0 billion catties, or 6.6
billion catties more than 1949.
Contributing to the increased production in all districts were trevention
dance .f rainfall, the increased use oY fertilizer, prompt calamitY-P
measures, and more attentive crop cultivation by the masses.
EAST CHINA REPORTS WHEAT HARVEST -- Shang-hai Chieh-Yang Jih-pao, 24 May 50 -
In 1950 the East Chine District planted a total of 120,000,000 mtheihar-
vestthasEbeentuniYormly goodgand iahnow beinggplaced onrtheomarkety~
Shantung Province placed ~-5 million mou under wheat cultivation, of which
330,000 mou suffered damage from excessive rainfall. The remainder averaged
130 catties per mou.
The North Kiangsu District planted 27,600,000 mou in wheat and had a
harvest oY 67 percent of an optimum yield.
The North Anhwei Disroximatelyt80 percentiof the harvest has alArneha~i
District, 1,500,000. App
been placed on the market.
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The South Kiangsu District planted 10,200,000 mou and had a harvest of
60 percent, despite the development of disease among the plants.
Chekiang placed 9 million mau of wheat under cultivation, averaging 110
cattier per mou. Fukien, breaking a 20-year record, averaged 140 cattier per
mou.
INNER MONGOLIA PRODUOES MILLIOft TONS OF FOOD -- New York Hua-ch'iao J'h-pao,
2 Jun 50
Peiping, 23 May (IIsin-hua) -- In 1949, despite encountering various natu-
ral calamities, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was able to produce
1,100,000 tons of foodstuffs. According to present population estimates, this
allows 1,000 cstties of foodstuffs per person, representing a great improve-
ment in the livelihood of the people.
NORTHEAST FARMERS WELCOME IMPROVED MACHIIQERY -- New York Hua-ch'iso Jih-pao,
20 Jul 50
Mukden, 6 July (IIsin-hua) -- A total of 43,000 improved cultivating imple-
ments hss been distributed in the Northeast area this year during the period
of summer cultivation. This shatters all precedents in the agricultural vil-
lages since the liberation.
Sixteen types of improved cultivating implements were distributed through-
out the district in 1950. These are of special importance because they can
conserve manpower, heighten efficiency, and raise 1950 food production consid-
erably.
A total of 17,000 high-frame cultivators, well suited to local agricultu-
ral conditions, is being distributed throughout Kirin Province this summer.
These machines save the work of three men in the cultivation of a 10-mou plot.
Farmers in Heilungkiang also welcome the widespread distribution of Fu-min
~rade mark? cultivators, which operate at about the same efficiency.
More than 7,200 Chun-chung ~rade mark? weeders have been distributed
throughout the district, where they will be of great use. These farm machines
can save the work of four to six men in the weeding of a 10-mou plot. Three
of the machines may be used together.
Since large lots of this improved farming equipment have been distributed,
many mutual assistance teams (hu-chu tsu) completed their first weeding earlier
than in recent years and they can all realize the need for many more weedings.
A team in Kirin used two-way cultivators in the summer pro3ect and completed
its initial weeding 6 days earlier than in recent years. It also saved the
labor of 160 men and 40 horses.
In distributing this improved farm machinery, cadre leaders in the various
g hsiens and ch'us first make an examination to determine the quality, quantity,
and general characteristics of the equipment. When they release the machinery,
they go out to the agricultural villages and make trial distribution. This
process hen been well received by farm people everywhere. The various provin-
cial people's governments have strived to build up technical leadership in the
field of improved machinery, which the farmers use in their summer cultivation,
by establishing short-term training courses for large groups of ch'u-level
cadres prior to the summer cultivation. More than 800 have been trained in
Sungkiang and Heilungkiang provinces.
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CONFIDENTIAL ~~'~~ 4'"'
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TRACTOR FARM USES SOVIET MACHINES -- Tientsin Jih-pao, 25 May 50
The State mechanized farm at Kao-li Ch'u, Hopeh, under the control of
the Po-hai Agricultural Control Bureau, after a bad start in 1949 owing to
lack of good technicians and proper equipment, has undertaken to open up un-
cultivated alkali land on the coast of the Gulf of Hopei.
The farm secured. 12 Soviet STZ and ATZ type 52-horsepower tractors, 8
Ford 12-horsepower Victory tractors, four Mai-ssu ~rade mark? 14-horsepower
tractors, and 97 disc harrows, spiketooth harrows, seeders, mowers, and self-
propelled combines. Fifty-six experienced drivers were secured and organized
into four groups.
Tluring the 40 days from 21 March to 30 April these outfits were run on a
three-shift 24-hour program with tractors operating 21 hours out of the 24.
Over 30,000 mou of land were plowed to a depth of 6 inches and more than
10,000 mou were harrowed.
To secure the beat results from Soviet agricultural techniques, the fol-
lowing measures will be taken:
1. The farm will work a three-shift, 24-hour schedule with two men on
the heavy tractors and one on the lighter. A record book shall be provided
for each tractor in which at the turn of each shift shall be recorded the
amount oP ground worked, fuel and oil consumption, damage to machines, etc.
Heavy tractors should plow 7 inches deep, with a gasoline consumption of 2.5
catties per mou. Light tractors should plow 5 inches deep and consume not
more than 2 catties of gasoline per mou. The plowing should be straight,
even and complete, with no overlap. Field ends should be even and narrow.
2. Each machine shall have one to 12 hours of rest each 24-hour period
and one cursory inspection and one thorough inspection each week. Careful
records shall be kept of all repairs to machines.
3. Tractor operators shall not run them without a load, and shall not
start and stop the tractors at will. When on a hill, crossing ditches, and
when standing, the throttle shall be cut; the engine shall ttot be carelessly
raced. Tractors shall not be driven forward when the machines they pull are
not in order. No parts or oil products may be used without permission of the
crew foreman. Soviet tractors outclass American in durability, economy and
amount of work that may be turned out,
The following shortcomings are mw evident in Chinese tractor farming:
(1) disparity in the depths of plowing; operators do not yet sufficiently ap-
preciate the value of deep plowing; they are careless about the ends and
edges of fields; (2) poor and dilatory inspection, and insufficient greasing,
causing unnecessary wear; (3) improper combination. of implements, resulting
in waste; (4) shortage of repair tools and equipment; and (5) operators have
little sense of responsibility for equipment.
The leaders have set up a competitive program involving (1) holding
breakdowns to a minimum, (2) saving fuel, (3) mutual good will and helpful-
ness between teams and within teams, and (4) completion of production targets
on time.
NEARLY MILLION MOU MORE THAN IN 1949 -- Yangchow Su-psi Jih-pao, 26 May 50
Cotton farmers throughout Northern Kiangsu have practically completed
their cotton-planting movement. In Ch'i-tong and Hai-men, the cotton sprouts
have already grown to an inch or more. In certain parts of Yen-ch'eng and
other areas where calamity and famine have been severe or the soil and climate
CONFIAENTIAL ~,t,l;~~~~~~~~
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CONFIDEN'T'IAL
are unfavorable, another week will be nee~~d t00fmous orh94310001mou more
planted area this year is estimated at 3, 3,7 ,
than 1949, which nearly satisfies the original plan to increase the planted
area by one million mou.
Plans have been formulated to select the best from mixed seed to pro-
mote the growth of~pure strains of cotton. The Bureau for Reclaiming Cotton
Land (mien-k'en chu) has specified the Following areas as administrative cen-
ters for the planting of Tai-tzu and Te-tzu pure cotton strains: (a) 14 vil-
lages in Chueh-tung,Ch'1~, Ju-tong Hsien, and San-yu Ch'u, Nan-t'ung Hsien;
(b) seven villages in R'en-nan Ch'u and Ta-chung Ch'u, T'ai-pei Hsien.
The yield from this area of about 262,044 moo is expected to be about
212,522 piculs, of which 126,000 piculs of seed can be obtained by ginning.
Assuming that 8 catties of seed must be planted per moo, the 1951 planting
of pure-strain seeds can be expanded by 1,500,000 mou and, within 2-3 years,
all the cotton fields in Northern Kiangsu will be planted in the superior
type of seed.
In some areas, food land has been given over to the cultivation of cot-
ton. Propaganda is being disseminated to counteract the feelings among cot-
ton farmers that "you can't exchange cotton for food" and "cotton is cheap
while food is expensive." To alleviate the shortage of food, commonly char-
acteristic of the cotton areas, the government has released large quantities
of relief provisions.
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