ELECTRICAL FLUCTUATIONS AS A METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES IN METALS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330690-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 690
• Publication Date: August 10, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/31: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330690-9
CLASSIFICATION CONF]:DFNr,,LC6jR0f V 1 FAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Scientific - Physics, metals
HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Moscow
DATE
PUBLISHED Apr 1950
LANGUAGE Russian
OT T"l 011T1D 1TAT1/ "IT"11 T"1 OAww- yr ......---- --. U. S. C.. 11 AND 11. AS A011D10. ITS T0A11IIl0I011 01 T"111T1LATI01
00 1TO COAT10TO IN All 1A1111 TO A" 01A0T"011110 011001 is PIG.
1101T0D BY LAW. 11P1000CTI01 OF 11111 So.. If PROHIBITED.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950
DATE DIST. /a Aug 1950
NO. OF PAGES 2
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Vestnik-Akademii Nauk SSSR, No 4, 1950.
ELECTRICAL FLUCTUATIONS AS A METHOD
OF ANALYSIS OF PROCESSES IN METALS
New results on electrical fluctuations have been received from Ye. Ya.
Pumper, a'candidate in mathematical physics at the Physics Institute imeni
Lebedev, Academy of Sciences USSR.
Fluctuations in current and voltage in wires were experimentally ob-
served about 25 years ago. The existence of such a process follows immedi-
ately from molecular-kinetic concepts of thermal motion. For this reason,
electrical fluctuations in wires have received the name "thermal fluctua-
tions" or "thermal effect." The theory of the thermal effect, developed
for a system in thermodynamic equilibrium, gives the possibility of quan-
titatively characterizing fluctuation intensity. Measurements carried out
shortly after the experimental observation of electrical fluctuations showed
that the the theory of the thermal effect in the first approximation is just-
ified by experiments.
The investigation of electrical fluctuations developed considerably in
the course of recent years in connection with increasing the sensitivity
radio-receiver installations, amplifiers, measuring apparatus,
indicator devices. The problem of electrical fluctuations became an impor-
tant practical problem, since electrical fluctuations at present set limits
on the sensitivity of apparatus. The greatest part of the conducted works
proceeds from the theory of the thermal effect,.and its main problem is the
search for the optimum relation between the parameters of electrical systems
to obtain the most useful relation between signal and fluctuation level in
an indicator.
The investigation conducted by Pumper on the nature of this phenomenon
differs from these works in that the problem of the physical nature of elec-
trical fluctuations is set up anew in his work, which nature was already con-
sidered solved by others. A more perfect measuring and amplifying apparatus,
now in existence, permitted the investigator to study electrical fluctuations
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in wires more accurately than in previous works. It was shown that the fluctuaa
tion level in a number of wires is higher than that given by the theory of the
thermal effect. The results obtained are explained by the fact that such wires
must be considered as systems in the state of thermodynamic equilibrium. This
means that in these systems electrical fluctuations are due not only to thermal
movements, but also to processes initiated by certain supplementary sources of
energy within the wire. Experiments have shown that such energy sources, which able
to in lic lattice ofcthereaswiree nergy boundedl
with the processes occurring in the lattice. Experimental determinations of
the lfluctuation permit one to
study the kinetics of microscopic processes occurring
The results obtained by Pumper afford this fundamental consideration: meas-
urements of electrical fluctuations open up possibilities of creating an extremely
sensitive method for the analysis of microscopic processes occurring in metals and
alloys, which are often not at all accessible to observation by means of ordinary very
indirect
met methods used in metallophysics obseriable
observed by the variation inhthe;hard-
exnple, the aging g process
ness of the alloys.
In order to realize such a method, it is necessary, of course, to conduct a
great number of various investigations with the purpose of systematizing the results
and connecting them with data afforded by present-day metallophysics.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/08/31: CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330690-9