ABSTRACT OF PROFESSORS V. N. SHCHELKACHEV AND B. B. LAPUK'S BOOK UNDERGROUND HYDRAULICS

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CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3
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RIPPUB
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C
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7
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December 22, 2016
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August 23, 2011
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180
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Publication Date: 
October 6, 1950
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REPORT
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 CLASSIFICATION CONF7DENTLAL CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY INFORMATION FROM DONFID?NT~gL COUNTRY USSR SUBJECT Scientific -Geophysics, petroleum HOW PUBLISHED Book WHERE PUBLISHED Moscow DATE PUBLISHED 19+9 LANGUAGE Russian THIS DOCVII[Ni COATAI[[ 1[-tl[IIRn011 Arr[ttllla iN[ MAnOMAL D[r[Mt[ 01 TN[ YMIT[D [TAi[t ?17x111 ixt ^UIIIII? 0! UlIOIIMI Att [D u. s. c.. tl AxD u,A[ AruotD. ro 7AAx[n[slDx o[ix[ uv[unox Or Ili COxT[xit III AMY xRxx[x 70 AM YMAYTxOAII[D ![[[Ox It 1110? MI AITtD Ai LEA, a[lAOOVCTIOx Or ixlr lOllr I! lllOxl[ITfO. DATE DIST. 1/o Oct 1950 SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT N0. THIS IS JNEVALUATED INFORMATION ABSTRACT OF PROFESSORS V. N. SHCHELKACHE4 AND B. B. LAPUK'5 BOOK "UNDERGROUND HYDRAULICS" ? This book, edited by Academician L. S. Leybenzon and authorized by the Ministr,; of uighcr uduc^~ica L'SSP. as a ylzxtbook for higher petroleum schools, is the first text publishdd ae a school course on underground hydraulics since 19+1. It stresses the priority of Soviet scientists in solving important prob- lems concerning the movement of fluids and gases in porous media. To this category belong problems on the theory of filtration, interaction of oil wells, elasticity, movement of gases, and gaseous fluids in strata. The book general- izes pY?evious findings in the field of underground petroleum hydraulics. The book is intended both for students in higher educational institutions specializing in petroleum and fir engineers and technical workers in the pe- troleum and gas industries. TABLE OF CONTENTS Sections marked with an asterisk are not -bligatory in a school curriculum.) 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 EONFIDEP~T4AL CORFIDEIPPIAL Chapter II. Fundamental Principles of Underground Hy- draulics 1. Development of Ideas Contributing to the General- ization of Technological Problems Involved in the Extraction of Petroleum and in Underground Hy- draulics ' 2 * Observations on?the Interaction of Qil Wells and 3.* Coacise:Data on the Classification of Underground Water` 4. Concise Data on the Classification of Processes in Petroleum-~ ?as-, and Water-Bearing Strata 5. Typical Systems and Patterns of Stratified Water- Pressure Systems 12 16 20 23 28 Chapter III. Short Description of the Properties of Fluids ~.n3 Gases 34 1 *? Properties of Petroleum 34 2 ~ Properties of Water Occuring in Petroleum Strata 43 3.* Properties of Gases in Petroleum and Gas Deposits 45 Chapter 7V. Fundamental Ideas 1. Definition and Peculiar Properties of Filtration. Ideal and Fictitious Soils Dior Pnodelingj 2. Porosity and Spacing of Fictitious Soil ~ ' 3. Transition From. Fictitious to Natural Soil 4. Rate of Filtration and Its Relation to Rate of Flow 5Q 5~ 57 59 Chapter Y. Theoretical Formulas Describing the 'Laws of Filtration of Fluids With a Generalization of These Formulas ~ 62 R 1. Laws of Filtration Through Fictitious Soils 62 2. General Expression for Various Theoretical Formulas Describing the Law of Filtration 65 Chapter VI. Linear Law of Filtration. Permeability of Porous Media ~ 67 1. Darcy's Experiments. Coefficient of Filtration 67 2. Permeability of Porous Media 71 Chapter VII. Limits to the kpplicability of Darcy's Law; Other Laws of Filtration 1. Experimental Research on the Limits to the Appli- cability of the Linear Law of Filtration 2. Theoretical Research on the Limits to the Appli- cability of the Linear Law of Filtration 3. Ronlinear Laws of Filtration 4. Deductions From the.Laws?of Filtration Based on the Principle of the Homogeneity of Dimensions, 78 84 87 89 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 PART III. PROBLEMS IN UNDERGROUND HYDRAULICS SUSCEPTIBLE TO SIMPLE SOLUTION Chapter VIII. Simplest Forma of Filtration Flow and Methods of Studying Them 94 1. Description of the Simplest Forms of Filtration Flow 2. Head and Reduced Pressure; Surfaces With Equal Head and Isobars 3. General Methods of Studying One-Dimensional, Plane- Radisl and Three-Dimensional] Radial Flow Chapter IX. One-Dimensional and Radial Flow of Incompres- sible Fluids Under Water-Pressure Conditions 103 1. One-D of Fi imensional Flow According to the Linear Law ltration 103 2. Plane Filtr , -Rau~ial. Flow According to the Linear Law of ation 108 3. Spher of Fi ical, Radial Flow According to the Linear Lax ltration 121 4. One-D linea imensional Flow in Accordance With the Non- r,Law of Filtration 125 5. Radia of~Fi l Flow in Accordance With the ftonlinear Law ltration 126 6. Pecul When trati iarities of the Flow of Fluids Into Wells There Are Two Simultaneous Processes of Fil- on in a Stratum 129 7. ~~ne I Time nfluence of Pressure Changes in the Course of 133 Chapter X. T a he Simplest Cases of the Flow of a Fluid With Free Surface 135 1. Introductory Remarks 135 2. Flow of s Fluid With a Free Surface Toward a Recti- linear G?sllery 136 ? 3. Flov of a Fluid With a Free Surface Toward Wells 140 Chapter 1. XI. One-Dimensional and Radial Flow of a Compres- sable Fluid in a Porous Medium in Accordance With the Linear Law of Filtration One-Dimensional, Steady Filtration of a Compres- 147 sible Fluid ~ 147 2. Radial, Steady Filtration of Compressible Fluids 152 3. Approximate Solution for the Problem of Nonsteady, Radial Filtration of Compressible Fluids 154 4. Nonsteady, One-Dimensional Filtration of Comprea- sible Fluids 162 5. Approximate .Solution for the Problem of the Non- steady Flow of Compressible Fluids in Porous Strata 165 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Chapter XII. 'One-Dimensional and Radial~F'lox of Gasea in Porous Medis 1. Law of Filtration of Gases. Experimental Studies ? on the Flow of Gases in Porous Media 167 2 * Thermodynamic Processes During the Flow of Gases in Porous Media 170 3? One-Dimensional, Steady Flow of Gases According to the Linear Law of Filtration 176 ~+. Radial, Steady Flow of Gases Accordi*_~g to the Linear Law of Filtration 181 5. ftonsteady, Radial Flow of Gases According to the Linear Law of Filtration 190 6. Steady Gas Flow Not Subject to the Linear Law of Filtration 200 7. Flow of Real Gases in Porous Medic According to the Law of Filtration 208 Chapter XIII. F1oW of Heterogeneo~is Flaida in Porous Media 217 1. Introductory Remarks 217 2. Phase (Effective) Permeability of a Porous Medium 219 3? Steady Flow of a Gaseous Fluid in a Porous Medium 225 ~+. Nodsteady, Radial Flow of a Gaseous Fluid in a Porous ?Medium 233 ? 5. Flow of a Idixture of Petroleum and Water in a Porous Medium 244 6. Flow of a Mixture of Petroleum, Water, and Gas 3n a Porous Medium 21}9 Chapter XN. Influence of the Radius and Degree of Hydro- dynamic Imperfection of Wells on Their,Pro- ductivity 256 1. Influence of the Radius of a Well on Its Productivity 256 2. Influence of the Hydrodynamic Imperfection of a Well on Its Productivity 268 Chapter XV. Certain Problems Connected With the Study of Wells Through Their Inflow 285 1:~ Introductory Remarks 285 2 ~ Laws Governing Changes in Drill-Hole Pressure -in a Well After Shutdown 285 3 * Factors Influencing the Form of Indicator Curves When Operating Conditions in a Well Are Stable 289 ~ * Classification and Analyticiil Expression of Indi- cator Curves 292 5 * Most Important C"aaracterietics of the Productivity Factors of Wells 296 6 * Observations on Research Methods for Wells 301 Chapter XVI. Influence of the Difference in the Specific Gravity of Two Fluids in a Stratum on the P t i i ressure D r s bution and Behavior of a Well 305 1. Analysis of the Phenomenon of the Rise of Bottom Water to the Face of an Oil Well ~ 305 2.~ Remarks on Certain Hydrogeological Problems 310 CONFi6~~~~?AL Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Chapter XVII. Flow of Fluids?.and Gases in Strata With Nonuniform Permeability 31?_ 1.. Introductory Remarks 312 2. One-Dimensional Flow of Fluids in Nonuniform strata 319 3. Plane-Radta3~7. Flow of Fluids in Nonuniform Strata 319 4.* Influence 'of the Nonuniformity of a Stratum on the Flow of an Incompressib7:e Fluid According to Krasnopol'skiy's Law of Filtration ?28 5. Generalizetion of the Foregoing Conclusions Water nt of Oil and Gas b Di l t XVIII h 332 335 ap er C 1. y sp aceme . One-Dimensional Problem in the Displacement of Oil by Water 336 2. Diap7:acement of Oil by Water During Plane, Radial Flow 344 3. One-Dimensional Problem in the Displacement of Gas by Water 350 4. Displacement of Gas by Water Under Radial Filtra- tion Conditions 357 5. Remarks on the Influence of the Viscosity of a Gas on the Advancement of Water-Bearing Contours During Displacement of Gas by Water 364 PART IV. NOPRADIAL FLOW OF FLUIDS AND GASES TnW_a.Rn QNF: WELL AND TBE THEORY OF THE INTERACTION OF WELLS (PROBLEM.4 SOLVABLE BY HYDROMECHANICAL METHODS Chapter XIX. Study of Filtration Flow From a Pressure Well to an Exploited Well and Study of Nonradial, Steady Flow of Fluids and Gases Toward One Well. Explanation of the Influence of the Shape of Con- tours of a Supply Area on the Yield of Wells and Distribution of Pressure in a Stratum 1. Re~arka on the Statement of the Problems 2. Study of Filtration Flow Frum a Pressure Well ho ? an Exploited 'dell 3. Nonradial Floe of Fluids Toward a Well When the Contours of the Supply Area Are Recti],inear 4. Nonradial Flow of Fluids Toward a Well When the Contours of-the Supply Area ,Are Curved 5. Influence of +.he Form of the Contours of the Supply Area on the Yield of the Well. R~:marks on 'the Possibilityr of Using the Formula for a . Radial Inflow'When the Flow of a F'.uid to a Well is Nonradial ' Chapter'XX. Theory of the'Interaction of Wells 1. Statement of Fundamental Problems 2. Basic Formulae Describing the Operation oP Two Interacting Wells 3. Analysis of Families of Paths, Isobars, and Dis- tribution df Filtration Rates in a Stratum in the Case of Two Interacting We11s 367 367 369 380 38l 385 389 389 395 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 4.*? Solution .of the Simplest Problem Under Condi- tioas Involving Capping of One of the Two Wells During the Course of Their Inte_action .. 411 5* Characteristics of Productivity Factors in In- teracting Wells 412 6. Numerical Evaluation of the Interacting Effect of Two Wells 419 7. Interaction ,of a Circular Bank of Wells 422 8. Evaluation?of the Interacting Effect of Many Wells When Disposed Along a Straight Line or in a Square Network 428 9 * Analysis of the Simplest Hydrodynamic Fields of Interacting Wells and Conclusions Regarding the Influence of Impermeable Stratum Boundaries on Their Operation 435 10.* Evaluation oP the Interacting Effect of We11s . . in a Rectilinear Bank in the PrPSence of Im- permeable Stratum Boundaries; Comparative Yield of Rectilinear~~k^+~+s sand ~Barika 441 Chapter XRI. Simplest Lawa Governing the Contraction of the Contours of 011-Bearing Areas in Wells. Conclusions in Connection with Rational Methods of Well Spacing. 447 1. Remarks on the Statement of Problems 447' 2. Conte'sction,pf 011-Bearing Contours of Different Shapes::forrOne Well~'~~~ ~ ~ .. .,,. r , ~ ,..~.~ .448 3. Contraction. of 031~?Bearing Contours for Two In- teracting Wells ? 45S 4.*? Contraction of Oil-Bearing Contours for Wells in Circular Banks 485 5.~ Peculiar Feats*es of the Contraction of Oil-Bearing Contours Extended in an Oval for We11s Disposed Along the Long Axis of the Oval 463 6.* Pe:culiar Features of the Contraction oP Oil-Bearing Contours fora One-Row Bank of Wells in a Stratum Closed on Three Sides 465 7 ~ A Few Ideas?on the Spacing of Wells in 0i1=Bearing Strata Under Water-Pressure Conditions 470 PART V.' DIFSEREHTIAL~:EQTJATIONS..FORr.UNUERGROUND HYDRAULICS. CONCLUSIONS Chapter XXII. ?Differential Equations for the Flow of Fluids and Gases in.Poroua Media According to the Linear Filtration Law and Their Integration in the Simplest Cases 1. Equation of Continuity During the Flow of Uniform Fluids and Gases in an Undistorted Porcius Medium 474 2. Ecjuation of Flow for Fluids Sufficiently?Compres- . sable to Form Drops and Incompressible Fluids in a Porous Medium Incapable of Distortion 477 3? Equations of Motion ibr Gases in a Porous Medium 484 4. Flow of a Gaseous Fluid in a Porous Medium 492 -6- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3 QQNFI~FHTIAL CONFIDB~IAL 5. Differential Sgnation for the Flow of a Ca~mpres- sible Fluid in an Elastic Porous Medium 6. Analogy Between the Flow of Fluids and Gases in a porous Medium and Other Physical Phenomena Chapy,.er %RIII.* Short History of the Development of Under- ground Hydraulics. Conclusions ~+q4 ~-97 501 510 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350180-3