DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOVIET FERROALLOY INDUSTRY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350684-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 22, 2011
• Sequence Number: 684
• Publication Date: October 31, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

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HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Moscow
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL ~o~~I~~~~w~L
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS O.; RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
Apr -Nov 1947
Russian
THIS DOCV YlMT CO NTAIMS IM fORYATiON Aii[CTING TN! NATIONAL D[fLN3t
Ot TN! UMITLD f1AT[f MITNIN TN[ ^GNING Oi [3 il0 NAG[ AR fD
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1931 - 1947
DATE DIST. 3 I Oct 1950
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
umbers in parentheses refer t?o appended list of sources_~
Beginning in 1931, the Soviet ferroalloy industry grew by leaps and
boundaD With 1931 production taken as 100 percent, 1933 Production was
460 percent; 1937, 3y700 percent; and 1946, 5,600 percent. The Zsporozh',ye
Plant before the war 2isd approximately s 90,000-kilovolt-ampere capacity,
and supplied ferrosiiicon avid ferrochrome to all southern plants> The loss
of production from the ZaporozhTye Plant during the war has been made up
fully by the completion of the Aktyvbinsk and Kuznetsk glants and the in-
creased productivity of the other plants in the Es_t.(i)
In 1950, t?he production of ferroalloys is +cheduled to be 80 percent
higher than it wss in 1945. The L~a~or increase in the smelting of ferroalloys
will be attained after completion of the Zaporozh'ye and Lipetsk ferroalloy
plants now undergoing reconatruction, aG well as by the more effective utili-
zation of the capacities of existing p].anta. The Zaporozh'ye Plant will have
been restored to full capacity by the end of the current FivemYear Plan, it
will be considerably better than the old plant and will be able to operate
on the basis of al'_ the contemporary achievements of electrometallurgy. The
Lipetsk Plant is being rebuilt according to the prewar plan for its develop-
ments It will have a new furnace for production of ferroeilicon and will uti-
lize waste gases of this furnace as fuel for production and community needs.
The production of rare alloys and complex deoxidizes will be organized at this
plant,
Construction of the Aktyubinsk and Kuznetsk ferroalloy plants and consider-
able expansion of production at the Chusovoy Plant have been planned during the
Five-Year Plan. New furnaces will be built at the Klyuchevskiy Ferroalloy Ple_nt
and its production will be sharply expandedo
The development of machine building and the demand for high-quality steels
requires the ferroalloy industr.,y to start production of new alloys, particularly
silicozircor. and ferroboron, and to make a substantial increase in output of
silicocalcium, nitrite3 ferrochrome, and a number of complex deaxidi.lers: Anew
shop for production of electrolytic manganese will be built at the Zestafoni
Ferroalloy Plant .
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One of the fist tasks for the _-:3~=try fie tc imprev_ the auslity of
raw materiels and the m??hocle for shippiz~r, e.d stori.ng `_he_e materials st
plantsa Fcr m_Any ,veers, tre ferroalloy industry hs? beRn obtaining for re-
duction processes ungraded coke .`fines, and sometimes even coke residue, in-
stead of 15- to 20-millim,ter graded coke fines A~ s result, tt:~ ferroal-
loy Plante have had s consid.=.rsbly higher power con~umptior. p=.r u_n~t of pro-
duction then if they had had rorm?1 supplies o.f graded coke fires,
The Chelyabinsk and KuznetsY. plants mint be supplied with good-quality
quartzite. The quality of the Bakal quartzites can b? consid=_red sufficiently
high, but the mining of th?m at present is rot ?ffi^.i~n~'_y organnized and s
crushing and screening plant is n?eded.. Fcr thi_ r=e.aor_, the rhelya3lnrk Plant
has been getting quartzi+.es which rcr?ai^ up to ?0 per?:+ fines not suitable
for production,
Of psrtic.ular u_rgerry is the prob.em of supplying q~.~e.rtzi.te tc ,he Kuz-
netsk Plant which.st present is operating or. ^hug.:nash (Kemerovo Oblasi) quartz-
ites of very low q~iali.ty~ ~cnsumption of po:+>r it *+orking with these quartz-
ites is 600-800 kilowatt-hours high=r par ton of 4 percent ferrosilicon than
in working with good-quality Antonovski.y qusrt?ite~, Necessary qusn+_i.ties of
the litter should be supplied regularly to the Huar_e*.sk F1sat.
.Another equally importart.ts=k i. the classification of Aktyubink chromate
ores and improvement in th?fir shinment~ Akt?}n.~binsk cre_ range in silica con-
tent from 5 to 12 per: eat and ire chrome oxides from LL5 to 6P percent. However,
the different quality ores are mined unsystematically and their shipmen~ by type
has not been organized: ?This situation causa~ additi.onsl difficulties in the
production of ferrochrome and '_rwerrtrate_ and having a high silica content, each
surplus fraction of which leads to an unneceeFary loss of .s high a= 4 percent
manganese in the slag. The decr'es~e of eillca. in the ore to 2-3 percent has
helped to achieve s considersb.Le ircr?ass is the ccnver=ion of manganese without
the use of a flux and to. improve ether technical indexes o? productior,~
There. are '_erge-scale plans afoct for rebuilding large ferroalloy furnaces
with a view toward improving their capacity and ?implifyi.nR th? structure of
the electrode holders. This will make it posible to smelt'successfully such
alloy? as silicocsicium and siiicoehrcme by the slag method end, in the smelt-
ing of siliceous alloy=,, ~e simplify and facilitate to a considerable extent
servicing of the furnaces; sr well a=_ to increase labor productivity by 25-30
percent
The industry predating refined ferroc:hrome has the task of increasing the
chrome recovery up to 90 percent and decreasing sharply the consumption of the
reducing agent, This project will be realized by the gradual substitution of
inclined furnaces for stationary furnaces and by organization of the recovery
of metallic regulus from the slags, as well ss by striving to rombst other types
of loss,. There also should be s subetsntial improvement to t?he quality of the
lime used as :a flux
The considerable volume of slags ?orm=9 zt ferroallcy plants have reuaiaed
almost unused until row, They should be used in the production of cement and in
construction of highways.. '
There should also be s gradual trend '.;award uniformity of equipment, making
it possible by the en3 of the five-year Plan to set up a centralized machine and
electrical repair base and to cut. dove. en expenditures far current and capital re-
pairs. This will eliminate the extraordinary condition row prevailing where b0-50
percent of the ferroallc~~ plant=' wcrlcers are repair men.(2)
?CO~f~~~~~TIA~
3_
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l
~O~~~ID~~TIAt
Ia connection with the increased needs of machine building for steels
with a higher content of phosphorus, the smelting of phoaphoritic alloys in
blast furnaces has been stsrted~ For ex3mple,.production of ferrophosphorus
has been started in one of the small (114-cubic-meter volume) blast furnaces
in the Urals, as well as low-r_arbon ferromanganesephosphorus, a small quan-
tity of which has been made experimentally in the same furnace.(3)
SOURCES
1~ Stal`, Vol VII, No 11, Nov 47
2, Stal', Vol VII, No 10, Oct 47
3~ Stal', Vol VII, No ~+, Apr 47
50X1-HUM
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