CALL FOR FULLER MECHANIZATION OF SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS; PLANTS ADOPT NEW TECHNIQUES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600370894-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 27, 2011
• Sequence Number: 894
• Publication Date: February 13, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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WHET
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Economic; Technological - Production technology
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED' USSR
DATE
PUBLISHED 2 - 26 Nov 1950
LANGUAGE Russian
THIS GOCUM.NTCONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATUS WITHIN THE MEANING OF ESPIONAGE ACT SO
U. S. C.. II AND IE. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AM UMAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO'
HIIITED SY LAW. REPR000CTION OF THIS FORM IS PRONIIITEO.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950
DATE DIST. /3 Feb 1951
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
CALL FOR FULLER MECHANIZATION OF SUBSIDIARY OPERATIONS;
PIANTS ADOPT NEW TECHNIQUES
HAND FINISHING TOO SLOW, COSTLY -- Leningradskaya Pravda, 2 Nov 50
Leningrad machine builders have made great strides toward mechanization
of productive processes, but the fact remains, that even in the leading enter-
prises of the city a great part of these operations are still carried out by
hand. In the imeni Stalin and the Elektrik plants, for example, hand opera-
tions in'basic shops consume half the labor time. This is because most of
the engineers and technicians of. the enterprises and the specialists of the
scientific-research institutes and planning organizations devote their at-
tention chiefly to perfecting techniques of metalworking on machine tools,
while overlooking the problem of mechanizing labor-consuming hand operations
such as chipping, sawing, cutting off, scraping, grinding, thread cutting,
and nut tightening.
An excellent way to reduce labor-consuming operations is through reduc-
tion of tolerances in forging. To illustrate, take the turbine bearing, which
must not exceed an allowance of 0.2 millimeter. To finish it by hand takes
10-12 hours. If the allowance is reduced, and the finishing operation is com-
pleted on a machine tool, working time is cut to one tenth. Reduction of per-
missible allowance i.; parts going into an assembly depends to a great degree
upon the technical level of the workers in the machine shops. Parts of high
,'precision can be turned out with available plant equipment, and if the tur-
bine bearin~'y can be satisfactorily turned out on a lathe, why should there be
such large allowances? Assemblers should demand that the machine shops pare
them down.
STATE
ARMY
The Kirov Plant deserves recognition for the original indicator devices
it has made. With these attachments one can set up a cutter to the desired
measure with extreme accuracy. It remains only to '-lean off the markings and
send the part to. the asembly . shop'' A16hg';with the introduction of progres-
sive methods of rpchini,ng metal, :the proper' technology of, designing must be
pushed. A typical example of this need may be seen in-the'Plant imeni Lenin.
Here certain blades were once finished by hand, wasting a great deal of work
time. Plant engineers improved the design of the parts, and now they are ground
on a machine.
MAW`
AIR
NSRB
FBI
. SECREIT
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Transferring finishing operations gum hand labor to machines should greatly
increase productivity of labor. Much may be gained, for example, by turning
sfofor rlfifinishing such parts
aas cy-
from flat hand scraper to grinding machines
linders, bearings, diaphragms, keyways,
for machine-tool parts. Finishing of the bed plates, carriage rests, and
other parts put out by the Plants imeni Il'ich and imeni:Sverdlov could be
done on grinding machines. At the Linotip Plant productivity increased ten-
fold when the band scraping of slides on bedplates was replaced by grinding.
Application of high-duty attachments and tools means an increase in pro-
ductivity of labor, a higher quality product, and lower production costs.
But, unfortunately, this is not receiving enough attention. In many assembly
shops there are no special stands and equipment to make the fitters' work
easier. Use of pneumatic and electrical tools should greatly increase ef-
ficiency. The Carburetor Plant imeni Kuybyshev tripled labor productivity
in one operation by using electric nut tighteners. In a number of other enter-
prises, protable milling and drilling machines, mechanized tap wrenches, presses
and other devices are in operation. All Leningrad enterprises should profit
from the experience of these plants.
Special attention should be given fitting and gaging work. Gages are
made by hand in the majority of enterprises, using the resources available at
the plant. However, experience has shown that in gage work it is practically
a necessity to use surface-grinding machines. They considerably speed up the
machining process, and ensure high accuracy of finished parts. In this con-
nection, industry is faced with the problem of creating universal finishing
and polishing machines, and special mechanical laps. It is further necessary
to apply more widely new progressive metalworking methods -- electromechanical
and chemical-mechanical -- in gage-making work. The House of Scientific-Tech-
nical Propaganda recently organized a seminar under the direction of Professor
N. P. Sobolev to study gaging and fitting technology. In these seminars, the
work of the Institute of Precision Mechanics and optics will be widely popu-
larized, as well as the achievements of innovators.
The so-called "light mechanization" of metal-cutting machine tools is
also destined to play an important role in raising labor productivity. This
entails the utilization of autostops, mechanisms which set up and automatically
back off the tool. These autostops should cut down time of subsidiary opera-
tions, speed up machining time, and improve the quality of the work.
Specialization of production is becoming more important. It permits wide
application of assembly-line methods, and conversion to mechanized processes.
These points are well exemplified by the Krasnaya Zarya, Vulkan, and imeni Kuy-
byshev plants, where specialization is leading to an increase in mechanization
of labor-consuming processes.
To achieve mechanization of technological processes, industry must go
from individual production of devices and structures of the same type to central-
ized production of them. This demands national type-designation and standard-
ization.
ADJUST TO NEW. PRODUCTION -- Alma-Ata, Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 26 Nov 50
When the Alma-Ata Heavy-Machine Building Plant was given an order to build
drilling tools for the construction of the Kuybyshev GES, it was faced with the
manufacture of an entirely new item. Production processes had to undergo-partial
changes, and the equipment had to be adapted for the new products.
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The first impact of the task fell on the tool shop. To produce the boring
bars and couplings, special cutters and measuring instruments had to be made.
During the consequent period of increased-, activity,,:tho?,prodiictivity' of labor
in the shop'rose.nearly one third.
Next, a group under Chief Designer V. M. Kolesov made provisions for the
additional accounting and calculating necessitated by the new production.
It took some time for the forge shop to master the new techniques called
for in turning out the boring bars, which are 6 meters long and weigh 900 kilo-
gra^ls. Forging of the squared part was particularly difficult, requiring skill
and coordination on the part of the forger, the steam-hammer operator, and the
crane operator. The first tries at it were not altogether successful: one time
the square would turn out as a rhombohedron, another time the bottom swage would
be placed unevenly, so that the angles did not conform to the blueprints, etc.
Finally, however, success was achieved.
In the final stage of production, forged boring bars are machined on a
DIP-300 lathe. Here, the cutting of the conical threads on the bar proved
the most difficult operation to master. With the completion of the first
successfully made boring bar, there was considerable elation at the plant..
The Stalingrad GES construction enterprise has ordered three high speed
SLK-42 scraper-converyer winches from the plant. These winches are standard
products for the plant, but the importance of the new order has spurred on
workers to redouble their efforts.
FOUNDERS AIDED BY OTHER PLANTS -- Yerevan, Kommunist, 5 Nov 50
The Yerevan Small Hydroturbines Plant, given the task of producing hydro-
turbines for rural electric stations of the Armenian SSR and sister republics,
depends on the work of its foundry for the successful filfillment of this task.
To help improve casting technology, meetings have been held, with specialists.
on foundry work from other Yerevan machine-building plants participating. The
foundry is comparatively new, but, is gradually improving. Devices for inter-
shop. transport and for lifting parts onto machine tools have been recently in-
stalled.
Formerly models of the new turbines were obtained from other enterprises,
but the plant made its own models for its new powerful hydroturbines.
There are still many serious shortcomings in the work of the plant, but
the management is striving hard to overcome them.
NEW MACHINES AID FOUNDERS, WELDERS -- Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 18 Nov 50
The Central Scientific-Research Institute of Technology and Machine Build-
ing has collaborated with machine-building plants in creating dozens of new
machines and devices.
The wear-resistance section of the laboratory has developed a machine de-
signed by Engineer M. I. Chuloshnikdv.? Capable of exerting a maximum force of
30,000 kilograms, it can measure to an accuracy of one percent the force at
which breakage or deformation of a material occurs. Curves depicting the char-
acteristics of the materials tested are automatically drawn. Plans have, been
made for series production of the machine.
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In the foundry section of the institute, there is a new device for test-
ing molding materials. It measures their resistance to breakage and deforma-
tion`at temperatures of up to 1,440 degrees. Findings are recorded on a paper
strip, or on film. The machine heats the mold mixture electrically.
The institute's welding section has produced a special unit for coating
electrodes under high pressure. Coated electrodes are used in hand electric-
arc welding. The device greatly speeds up the coating process, and improves
the quality of the electode. There is a press which puts out hundreds of elec-
trodes per minute. Several dozen such machines are being made in plants for
industrial application. Another, better press, has since been built by the
workers of the section. Its small size allows it to be used for research work
in a laboratory.
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