LENINGRAD PLANTS SLOW TO ADOPT PRECISION CASTING; MOSCOW PLANT TURNS OUT NEW FOUNDRY EQUIPMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000600390032-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 19, 2011
• Sequence Number: 32
• Publication Date: April 13, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
CLASSIFICATION SECRET
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1950 - 1951
Economic; Technological - Foundry machinery
DATE DIST.j3 Apr 1951
Daily newspapers, monthly periodical
USSR NO. OF PAGES 5
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
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LAW.
LEN]GRAD PLANTS SLOW TO ADOPT PRECISION CASTING;
0 a n COW FuA-T TURNS OUT NEW FOUNDRY RQ-0Me.
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FAIL TO UTILIZE PEW PROCESS IN MASS PRODUCTION -- Leningradakaya Pravda,
31 Jan 51
Precision cast'ag is assuming ever greater importance in the field of
founding, since it enables workers to turn out parts of complex configuration
with minimum tolerances.
Patterns used in this process are made of organic substances (stearin
or paraffin), in precision press-molds. After the casting molds have been
formed around them, the patterns are either melted or burned out, leaving
an empty recess. Getting the pattern out of the mold in this fashion pre-
cludes the risk of damage and deformation which the mold may suffer when
a solid pattern is removed from it. The inside surfaces of the mold are
coated with a special refractory material, insuring a high-quality surface
for the casting. The metal is poured into a heated mold under action of a
vacuum, or under pressure, so that the metal will completely fill the complex
receeses.
In many cases, precision casting is cutting the cost of parts 50-6(6 per-
cent. This reduction in cost is largely attributable to the minimizing of
subsequent machining operations, with only grinding required.
The process should be of, particularly great importance in mass production.
Its use is also well justified in small-series production, where parts of par-
ticularly complex shape are being produced. For example, a certain plant which
converted to precision casting in the manufacture of seven small parts was able
to free over 30 machine tools and several units of forging equipment. The
changeover saved the plant 70 tons of rolled petal and about ll million rdbles.
Precision castings may be made of any steel or alloy, including those
metals which cannot be compressed or cut.
SECIET
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Newspapers and periodical as indicated.
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SECRET
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Outstanding success was achieved at the Leningrad Plant imeni Stalin in
the precision casting of special 6-kilogram blades for high-pressure steam
turbines. Instead of sending forgings weighing 25-28 kilogreas to the machine
shop, 7-kilogram castings were'sent. As a result, the t'-me for machining the
blades was cut from 56 hours to only 2 hours. A group of these blades was
turned out at nearly one fourtirthe cost of blades made in the old nay. The
production cycle for this group of blades was reduced from 3 months to 2 weeks,
thus permitting a powerful turbine to be completed within the planned time.
The collaboration of Moscow and Leningrad scientific research institutes
and laboratories with industry has helped to improve precision casting methods
and to broaden the area of their application.
Further development of the process demands the services of specialists
in various branches of industry. Successful work in collaborative operations
has been carried out by the Metals Institute, the Scientific Research Insti-
tute of Plastics, and the Chair of Glass of the Technological Institute imeni
Lensovet. Precisior. casting of drill cones for the petroleum industry, intro-
duced and established by the laboratory of the Leningrad Electrical Engineering
Institute imeni U1'yanov (Lenin) has resulted in great savings.
The work of scientists has helped solve many problems in the search for
cheaper pattern and mold materials. The achievements of our industry sur-
pass those of foreign countries in the development of cheaper materials and
better methods.
Precision casting is now being mechanized. Several Moscow plants of
the Ministry of Automobile and Tractor Industry are already pianving to
mechanize their precision-casting shops.
An all-Uni.on conference on precision casting, recently held in Lenin-
grad, was attended by delegates from 140 plants, scientific research insti-
tutes, and planning organizations, representing 28 cities. It was reported
that present applications of the new process included production of motor-
cycle parts, ball bearings, cutting tools, measuring instruments, rotor and
stator blades for both steam and gas turbines, an? motion-picture machine
parts.
In spite of certain advances, however, unfortunately it is true that
precision casting is only slowly coming into its own in Leningrad. Only a
few enterprises utili..e it in mass production, as, for example, the Lenin-
grad Tool Plant. While Zany Leningrad plants are trying out the method in
small experimental shops, their tests only constitute repetitions of what
has already been found out in the field of precision casting. Because of
this difference, large plants, such as the imeni Lenin and the Kirov, are
feebly starting to apply the method, but have not yet actually established
precision-casting shops. Several enterprises simply do not wish to take on
the additional work load which the introduction of precision casting would
demand. The Pnevmatika, the Linotip, and other plants now mass producing a
great many items which would lend themselves admirably to precision casting
techniques, rre just making the first steps toward its introduction.
At present, it is not so important to produce separate, individual
items by this method, even though they be of complex form, as it is to
establish mass production of precision castings. Leningrad industry must
make greater efforts toward this end.
- The scientific research institutes and the Leningrad plants which al-
ready have had experience with precision casting should help other enter-
prises to introduce the method. It is the duty of the Society for the Dis-
semination of Political and Scientific Knowledge, and its House of Scientific
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Technical Propaganda, as well as of the Leningrad Division of the Scientific
Technical Engineering Society of Foundry workers to popularize all precision-
casting techniques.
The Moscow Krasnaya Presnya Plant met its 1950 gross-production quota on
5 December, and by the end of the year had turned out several dozen above-plan
molding machines. The cost of production was cut 25 percent, while over one
million rubles in above-plan profits were taken in. Work proceeded smoothly
and according to schedule during the entire year, and the program for range
of products was exceeded.
A centrifugal crusher-roll sand-conditioning machine recently produced
at the plant is ten times as productive as other machines of this order. It
is electric and pneumatic powered, and all processes are completely automatic.
The plant's production of an entire "family" of machines designed to
mechanize all production processes in a foundry constitutes a signal achieve-
ment. In addition to centrifugal sand conditioners, the group includes sev-
eral original types of high-duty molding machines, a stationary sand slinger
for serving large flasks, and a special machine for pouring.
This year the plant is faced with greater tasks. It must not only in-
crease its present volume of output, but must put 13 new models into produc-
tion and mo'?eriize two others- The new machine to be put out this year will
include new die-casting machines for nonferrous metals, which vill exceed
the productivity of present models by 200 castings per shift. A projected
sand Slinger with removable hopper, designed for handling large flasks, All
be better than the existing models of similar type. New types of high-duty
molding machines, including a pneumatic jolt-squeeze machine with lift-pin
flask removal; and a new automatic sandblast machine will also be produced.
The equipment which the plant is now either producing or putting into
production differs sharply from the machines it put out 2-3 years ago. For
one thing, the new machines are very much larger. A new sand slinger, for
example, is nearly 10 meters long, over 47 meters high, and weighs nearly
10* tons. A machine is now being built which has indivilual parts weighing
several tons.
The changes in the types of machines produced have made it necessary to
enlarge the assembly area and to intensify the mechanization of the shop in
which large parts are machined.
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In 1950, considerable additional space was found for working on small
equipment by adding an entresol to the machine wing. The first machine shop,
where heavy parts are machined, was rearranged to clear 400 square meters,
making room for some heav machine tools. This reorganization should raise
the output of the first machine shop 40 percent.
Saving of metal has been a vital factor in production techniques and
design at the plant, and special efforts have been made to reduce the weight
of the latest machines. In the-metal structures shop over 20 tons of metal
were saved by improving cutting methods and using metal scraps in .he manufac-
ture of small parts. -- V. Muradov, director
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SECRET
BOOST OUTPUT OF DIE-CASTING MACHINES -- Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 24 Jan 51
This year the Moscow Krasnmya Presnya Plant is increasing its output of
new, high-duty foundry machines, including a die-casting unit which can turn
out up to a thousand castings of nonferrous alloy in one shift. In all, 30
percent more die-casting machines will be produced this year than last year.
Working in conjunction with the Central. Design Bureau for Foundry Equip-
ment, the plant ,.cently built a new sand-conditioning machine. Operated by
nne worker, it is ten times as productive as other mixture-preparing machines
made at the plant. In 2 minutes, it turns out as much molding mixture as
other machines can in an hour. Furthermore, the material which it prepares
is of better quality. So far, the plant has built two of'these sand condi-
tioners, and they have been given a high rating by the State Certifying Com-
ndssion..
PRODUCE NEW CORE MAKER -- Moscow, Vestuik Maehinostroyeuiya, Jan 51
The new 287 high-duty core-making machine put out by the Moscow Krasnaya
Presnya Plant was built according to the plans of the Central Design Bureau
for Foundry Equipment. It makes cores in boxes having either vertical or
horizontal joints, blowing the sand in with a stream of compressed air at
6-7 atmospheres pressure.
The machine consists essentially of a table, having a mechanism for
clamping the core box in place, a sand reservoir and the device which moves
it into place, a sand-blowing mechanism, and a draw apparatus. A hopper for
the core mixture is situated at the top of the machine, and the compression
chamber for the air blast is situated in the base of the frame.
To operate, the core box is secured to the table, the reservoir is moved
into positi-i over the core box, and automatically filled from the hopper.
The table is then raised, fixing the core box securr.y against the bottom of
the reservoir. The core mixture is then blown through openings in the bottom
of the reservoir and the holes in the top of the core box into the core recess.
To protect the operator of the machine, an automatic device prevents the
air-blowing mechanism from operating until the core box is flush against the
reservoir.
Specifications
Productivity (cores/hr)
Maximum weight of core (kg)
Maximum dimensions of core boxes
With vertical joint
With horizontal joint
(mm)
450 x 240 x 200-240
550 x 240 x 200-340
Periphery of core (sq cm)
1,130
Volume of hopper (lit)
150
Volume of reservoir (lit)
60
Working pressure of blowing system (atm) 6-7
Expenditure of air during one blowing
(cu m)
-4-
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NEW CORVET R SYSTEM MARKS, STACKS MOLDS -- Moscow, Moskovskiy Kommsomolete,
25 Jan 51
The Leningrad Metal Structures Plant has began series production of
foundry conveyers for nonferrous metallurgical enterprises. The new con-
veyers have a metal belt, and a device for marking and stacking the finished
molds. All processes of the conveyer are mechanized.
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