NEW SINO-SOVIET AGREEMENT ALLOWS JOINT CONTROL OF THREE SPECIAL MILITARY DISTRICTS IN CHINA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700030415-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 14, 2011
• Sequence Number: 415
• Publication Date: December 15, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL v V r"I IULIII IHL
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
CD NO.
COUNTRY China; USSR
DATE OF
INFORMATION
1951
SUBJECT Military - 0/B, special military districts
HOW
PUBLISHED Weekly perioiical
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
Hong Kong
18 Aug 1951
LANGUAGE
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
TNIs OOCUNINT CONTAINS IIroUATON ArviCTNI Txl NA-ONAL OOrBS
01 Txx OUTNO OAT. NANOI TMr. NOANINN Of Ur1UANN ACT IA
~. N. C.. xl LNO IA. AS NOIO.O. Ih TNANrnUt10N ON T R NNxLLATIU
01 ITr CONT. IN AN'A NAUU 10 AN ONAUTMONIT S POISON IN M.
x161llS rT LAW NVNOOOCTIU OI TMU IOU IN INVbIOIO.
NEW SINO-SOVIET AGREEMENT ALLOWS JOINT CONTROL
OF THREE SPECIAL MILITARY DISTRICTS IN CHINA
The following article, written by 'in Kuan-yang (1) Lnumbers in
parentheses refer to appended character, states that in February
1951 the Chinese Communists and the Soviet Union agreed on the joint
control of three special military districts in China, namely, A-shan
in Sinkiang, Taingtao, and East Chekiang. The writer describes in
detail the present setup of the East Chekiang Special Military District.
STATE
ARMY
In February 1951, the C:,inese Communists and the Soviet Union agreed on the
so-called Supplementary Articles to the New Sino-Soviet Military Agreement which
permit joint control of the three special military districts of A-shan in Sinkiang,
Tsingtao, and East Chekiang.
Under the Supplementary Articles, the present political administrative set-
up the three designated districts will temporarily remain as before and will
not we interfered with by the Soviet Union. On the other hand, the articles
stipulate that the USSR has the right to station troops; to control and use,
jointly with the Chinese Communists, all military installatione; and to establish
military installations. They further define that the Soviet Union has the re-
sponsibility of paying thm operational expenses jointly with t:.e Chinese Com-
munists, and of joint defense and the arming of the Chinese Communists troops
stationed in the three districts. The Chinese Communists are responsible for
supplying livelihood necessities of all the Soviet personnel. Each district
headquarters will have a Chinese Communist commander and a deputy chief of staff,
a Soviet deputy commander and a chief of staff, and an equal number of Soviet
and Chinese staff workers.
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CONFIDENTIAL
Jurisdiction and Officers
The East Chekiang Special Military District was established in February 1951.
It controls the Chou-Shan islands, the vast area south of the Yung Chiang (2), east
of T'ien-t'ai Shan (3), and north of T'ai-thou Wan (4). The military district
headquarters was first located at Chen-hai (5), but was later moved to Ting-hat
(6) on Chou-span Island.
The commanding officer and staff of the military district headquarters are
as follows:
Commander: Su Yu (7), deputy commander of the Third Field Army.
Deputy Commander: Major General Similenko fall Soviet names are Chinese
approximation, chief adviser to the Third Field Army.
Chief of Staff: Major General Soyavskiy, reported to be the former deputy
chic of staff of the Primorskiy Kray Military District.
Deputy Chiefs of Staff: Colonel Shalovich; and Liang Hsing (8), former
chief of staff of the Ninth Army Group.
The officers of the arsp+, navy, air, and supply departments, under the
jurisdiction of the military district headquarters, are as follows:
Army Commander: Major General Shementov.
Army Deputy Commander: Chang Hung-wen (9), former deputy commander of the
Ninth Army Group under Chen Shih-ch'u.(10)
Navy Commander: Lieutenant Commander Chiniyakov, former naval adviser to
the Third Field Army.
Navy Deputy Commander: Chu Jui (11), former deputy commander of the naval
headquarters attached to the Third Field Army.
Air Commander: Pukoyan, a major sent from the Port Arthur-Dairen Military
District Headquarters.
Air Deputy Commander: Lin Chi (12), former political commissar of the Ct.ia-
mu-ssu Air Academy.
Supply Commander: A Soviet lieutenant colonel is at present holding this
position. He will be replaced later by a Soviet spr"talist from the Soviet Mili-
tary Affairs Liaison Department in China.
Supply Deputy Commander: Lu K'un (13), former d:puty chief of the supply
department of the Third Field Army.
The East Chekiang Special Military District is divided into the Chou-Shan
Military Subdistrict, Yung-nan (14) Military Subdistrict, and the San-men (15)
Military Subdistrict. The Chou-Shan Military Subdistrict controls the Chou-
Shan islands, including the Ch'eng-ssu (16) Archipelago. The Yung-nan Military
Subdistrict controls Chen-hai Hsien, Yin Hsien, Feng-hua Hsien, Hsiang-shan
Hsien, etc. /he area under the control of the San--'-ien Military Subdistrict is
not given-.] The principal function of these subdistricts is to plan and execute
the construction of military installations, and to control and direct the affairs
of each port, harbor, and strategic area.
CONFIDENTIAL
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GODEIDEAD
The ommanding officer and staff of the three subdistricts are as follows:
Chou-shan Military Subdistrict Commander: Hung Tse (17), concurrently holds
the post of the commanding officer of the Twenty-fifth Army.
Deputy Commander; A Soviet colonel is designated to take this position.
Yung-nan Military Subdistrict Commander: Colonel Silochivov, concurrently
adviser to the Naval General Headquarters.
Deputy Commander: P'an Yu-wen (18), former head of the staff office of the
Third Army.
San-men Military Subdistrict Commander: Li Mou (19), former deputy commander
of the South Kiongsu Military District.
tionDeputy Commander. A Soviet lieutenant colonel is slated to hold his posi-
.
Military Strength
The main force of the Ninth Army Group is assigned to the special military
district. The army group headquarters is located at Ting-hai. The Twenty-fourth
Army is stationed in San-men Subdistrict, the Twenty-fifth Army in Chou-shan
Subdistrict, and the Twenty-sixth Army in Yung-men Subdistrict. A division and
an artillery regiment of the Eight Army Group under Sung Shih-lun (20); and a
Soviet heavy artillery battalion and a small number of Soviet antiaircre?t units,
formerly stationed on the Ch'eng-sou Archipelago, were transferred and placed
under the direct command of the East Chekiang Special Military District Head-
quarters.
Two regiments of the 73d Division, and other subordinate units of the Ninth
Army Group and the Twenty-fifth Army are stationed on Chou-shan Island. A marine
regiment, an antiaircraft regiment, and a searchlight battalion of the Chinese
Communist Navy, and a small number of Soviet "special" units are also stationed
on Chou-shan islands.
Soviet heavy coast artillery units are stationed at Shen-chia-men and Ta-
sha (21) on Chou-shah Island, and the coastal regions or Chen-hai Hsien, Hsiang-
shan Hsien, and San-men Hsien. During June 1951, a Soviet artillery division
and a Soviet marine brigade were sent from the Northeast and stationed on Chou-
shan Island, Liu-huang Island, and both banks of the Hsiang-shan and San-men
harbors. This Soviet artillery division has equipment which includes modernized
antiaircraft artillery, heavy artillery, and heavy rocket-gun units. Recently,
a Chinese Communist paratroop brigade that had been sent to Ting-hal, was moved
elsewhere. In the very near future, Chinese Communist paratroopers will be flown
to Chou-shan islands from Shanghai and Hangchow airfields for jumping maneuvers.
An infantry regiment and an artillery battery are stationed on each of the
following islands: Chin-yang, Liu-huang, T'ao-hum, Chu-chia-Chien, Chang-tu,
Tai-s2ian, P'u-t'o, and Ta-ch u. An infantry battalion or company and a small
unknown number of artillery units are stationed on each of the following small
islands: Hsia-chih, Ma-t'ou (22), Tung-fu, Hsiu-shan, and Lo-chic (23).
The repair and expansion work on the Ting-hai and Fend-hua airfields have
been completed. The runway on the Ting-hai Airfield was lengthened by one third
and reconstructed with a gravel base and asphalt surface. The apron of this
airfield is paved with cement, and facilities for the take-off and landing of
jet planes have been provided. Two hangars were renovated to accomodate more
than 2_p different makes of aircraft. A control tower and a meteorological sta-
tion were also constructed. The airforce headquarters of the special military
district is located here. At present, the airfield has about ten Soviet and some
Chinese Communist aircraft.
CONFIOENTIM1
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t.,811rluLriii m
Soviet submarines drop anchor regularly in the waters between the mouth of
Hsiang-shah Harbor and Chou-shan Channel. At one time, there were some ten
Soviet submarines anchored there. Most of the small vessels of the Chinese
Communist East China Naval Fleet are anchored in Chou-shan Channel.
About 15 dredging vessels are now dredging in Hsiang-shan Harbor. The con-
struction of defense installations around the harbor is progressing rapidly. The
work is being done by some 20,000 civilians and military personnel recruited by
the Yung-nan Military Subdistrict Headquarters and the Feng-hua Hsien and Hsiang-
shan Hsian people's governments. The construction work, expected to be completed
in 18 months, is in charge of the Hsiang-shah Harbor Affairs Bureau headed by
Colonel Silichivo?.. The Soviets plan to construct rows of gun emplacements on
the north and south ends of Liu-huang Island, at Chien-ts'ang and Hsing-ch'u on
both sides of the harbor entrance, and at Huang-Shan and Ch'i-yen on both shores
inside the harbor. The dredging of the harbor will make possible the anchorage of
vessels of over 10,000 tons.
Several naval barracks will be constructed at Hsiang-shay, Hsien to quarter
a large number of naval personnel. The Chinese Communists are to complete the
construction of the Shanghai-Hangchow-Ningpo rail extension to the harbor entrance
during 1951. The Hangchow Railway Bureau is now recruiting workers to construct
this extension.
Most of the permanent coastal defense installations, being constructed from
Chen-hai to T'ai-chou wan and around Chou-span islands, have been completed. The
installations consist of a series of stone fortifications with outer perimeters
protected by a network of trenches which can be flooded in case of emergency.
Encompassing each group of fortifications are antitank facilities and electrically
charged barbed wire.
In addition to constructing military installations, the special military
district headquarters is responsible for giving amphibious operations training to
the Chinese Communist troops. The entire Third Field Army was formed into
amphibious combat units. Most of the training is carried out on the Chou-ahan
islands.
Two types of training are being pursued -- training of officers and of com-
bat soldiers. The training of officers emphasizes operational tactics. A train-
ing corps was established at Ting-hai where officers of company level or higher
and political workers of the Third Field Army are being trained under Soviet
guidance. The training corps is headed by Major General Similenko. The train-
ing of combat soldiers is also carried out at Ting-hai. At present, those divi-
sions one each from the Eight Army Group, Ninth Army Group, and Tenth Army
Group under Yeh Fei (24) are being trained.
The training period of the combat soldiers lasts from 3 to 6 months. Each
unit is temporarily commanded by Soviet personnel during amphibious maneuvers.
Occasionally the units participate in a joint nav,.1, air, and artillery unit
landing practice. Except for wooden "essels built at the Chiang-nan Shipyard in
Shanghai, the Chinese Communists lack land:,_ craft. Many wooden or bamboo rafts
are still being used as substitutes during landing practices. There are some
dilapidated Soviet landing craft which the USSR obtained originally from the US
under the lend-lease program.
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CONFIDENTIAL
Control of Civilians
Prior to the establishment of the special military district, the Chinese
Communists conducted an extensive campaign to eliminate special agents on each
island and executed many reactionary elements. Subsequently, healthy youths on
each Island were conscripted Into militia units. Later, the Chinese Communists
made military training compulsory and the youths were forced to join the army.
Many old weak women and children were forced to leave the islands Those
elements who resisted the Chinese Communist orders were branded "reactionaries,"
and "heavy offenders" among them were executed while "light offenders" were sent
to the mainland labor camps for "correctional education."
Important Chinese Communist and Soviet officials make periodical inspection
trips to the Chou-shan islands. Kanovich, Soviet commander of the Port Arthur-
Dairen Military District, visited the Chou-shan islands in May '951. Malinskov
chief of Soviet advisers in China, and a group of army, navy, and ; officers,
make periodic inspection tours. Chu Te and Liu Shao-ch'i, on sepa-ate occasions,
visited the islands. When Chu Te visited Ti:,g-hai, he said to the military of-
ficers trainees: "Your future duties are very difficult and important. In the
Pacific Ocean, which you now face, countless oppressed peoples are waiting for
you to liberate them. To your right is Taiwan, which you must free quickly."
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CONFIDENTIAL
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