REPORTS PROGRESS IN HUAI HO CONSERVANCY PROGRAM; OUTLINES KWANGTUNG WATER CONVERSATION PLANS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060486-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 5, 2011
• Sequence Number: 486
• Publication Date: May 26, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
Economic - Water conservancy
Daily newspapers
Hong Kong; China; New York
CD NO.
DATE OF
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
CENTRAL INTS EL GE NCE
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUB
LISHED 2 Feb - 10 Apr 1952
LANGUAGE Chinese
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INFORMATION 1952
DATE DIST. _1_b 4,y 1952
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SOURCE Newspapers as indicated.
REPORTS PROCRFSB OR HUAI $0 COIIBERVANCY PRWIRpyi
OVP 4N EWARQTURO WATER C VA'pIOA PLA1P3
The planned objective of the Huai Ho Conservancy Commission
for 1952, the second year of its program, is 200 million cubic
meters of earthwork and masonry.. Of this amount, 72 million
cubic meters'was accomplished by the end of January 1952.
After Chinese New Year, work has resumed by approximately
2 million laborers, about half of whom are working on projects
it Anhwei, a large number on the northern Kiangsu irrigation
canals, and about 90,000 on Ronan projects. The 1952 work pro-
gram has recently been hindered by several periods of inclement
weather.
Work has started on the Po-Tzu-linE$eservoir on the o'i Ho,
in Ho-sham Rsien, Anhwei with the conetructior- of a hullos-core
dam 53O-meters long and 70-meters high. It is to have a storage
capacity of 470 million cubic meters, permitting the development
of over 1,000 kilowatts of electric energy and the irrigation of
500,000 mou of farm land.
Flood prevention and irrigation projects in Kvangtung in 1952
are to receive from the Central People's Government financia,~ as-
sistance to the extend of 48 billion yuan. These projects are ex-
pected to protect 4,390,000 moo of land from inundation and assure
increased rice production.
It is alleged in the "three-anti" and "five-anti" movements
that a dishonest businessman has sabotaged the Huai Ho conservancy
work.
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NEW YEAR'S RESPITE IN HUAI HO CONSERVANCY WORK -- Shanghai, Chien-fang Jih-pas,
2 Feb 52
Pang-fou, 31 January (Hain-hua) -- Due to the approach of the old Chinese
Itev Year, field work has been temporarily suspended on the second-year stage of
the Huai Ho conservancy projects, except on a portion of the reservoir locks
and sluice gates. The first period (winter period) began in November 1951; the
second period expected to get under way in mid-February 1952. During the
first period, an aggregate of 72 million cubic meters of earthwork and masonry
have been accomplished, which is one third of the total of 200 mi1'1 cubic
meters of work -^heduled for the second-years stage, not counting an equal
amount of work to be done by the peasant masses on their own fields. The degree
of accomplishment of work during the past 2 months is regarded as quite satis-
factory.
In Homan, altogether, the work has included over 9 million cubic meters of
earthwork, 46,000 cubic meters of masonry, and 8,000 cubic meterr of concrete
work. The outlet conduit and the overflow spillway for the Par-th'iao Reser-
voir are finished; and the 46.5-meter high, 1,200-meter long earth fill dam
is half done. The outlet conduit for the Li-sha Reservoir will be finishes
shortly, and its 23.5-meter high and 1,700-meter long earth fill dam is half
done.
In northern Anhwei in connection with the conditioning of more than tin
tributary rivers, over 39 million cubic meters of e rthwork had been complet.,d.
In northern Kiangsu, 23 million cubic meters of earthwork has been com-
pleted on the. Main Irrigation Canal. The admission control lock for this canal,
situated at Kao-liang-chien, and the earthwork required in connection with the
sluice gates in the east side embankment of the Grand Carat near Huai-an, are
partially finished. Generally speaking, work has not yet started on the small-
scale dikes and dams to be done by individual farmers on their own lands.
RESUMPTION OF HUAI HO WORK -- Hong Kong, Hsing-tao Jih-pas, 24 Mar 52
Peiping, 22 March -- Work on a large scale on the second (rpring 1952)
period of the second-year stage of the Huai Ho Conservancy projects was re-
sumed about one month ago. At present, some 2 million laborers are at war-
on the more than 1,000 kilometers of dikes, rivers, and control atructu*es,
including the following; 90,000 at work on jobs in 13 hsiens in Ronan, be-
sides several thousand engaged in related transportation services in and out
of K'ai-feng and Cheng-chou; 800,000 on the irrigation canal projects in the
Yen-ch eng, Huai-yin, and T'ai-chou special administrative districts of north-
ern Kiangsu; and nearly one million on the numerous projects in Su Hsien, Fou-
yang, and other special districts in northern Anhwei.
The most important unfinished tasks which the vast army of skilled and un-
skilled laborers are attempting to accomplish before the flood season arrives,
includes the following:
In Ronan, complete the Pai-sha and Pan-ch'iao Reservoir projects, and c-n-
dition the river channels, banks, and dikes, of the Hung Ho, the Ju Ho, and the
Ying Ho. In Anhwei, build the mammoth Fo-tzu-ling Reservoir on the upper reaches
of the P'i Ho in Ho'shan Hsien, and condition the Hsi'fei Ho, the T'o Ho, the
Chung Ho, the Tung Ho, and others to the number of ten tributaries of the Huai
Ho; in the localities downstream from Wu-ho-hsien, make the c"+rtinge for the main
channel of the Huai Ho and branch channel for the north side tributaries from the
Su-hsien district; build the accessory control structures for the said channels;
and develop the Sha-fou-hu and Meng-ho-wa as retention basins. In northern
Klangsu, push the digging of the Main Irrigation Canal.
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Since the resumption of work, several periods of inclement weather have
increased the difficulties and greatly hindered the progress of the work.
DESORIM FO-TZU-LING RESERVOIR -- Sian, Ch'un-chung Jih-pao, 12 Feb 52
Pang-fou -- After nearly a year spent in engineering preparations, more
than 5,000 engineers, skilled workmen, and unskilled laborers have bean assem-
bled at Pang-fou to begin the construction of the Fo-tzu-ling Reservoir on the
P'i Ho. This river, a large tributary on the south side, flows into the Huai Ho
near Cheng-yang-kuan. This reservoir will be one of the largest in the whole
Huai Ho conservancy area, having a storage capacity of 470 million cubic meters.
It will be located in the southern part of Ho-shan Haien, in northern Anhwei.
The main engineering feature of this project will be the construction of a
reinforced concrete hollow-core dam, 53O-meters long and 70-meters high, connect-
ing two rows of hills. After exhaustive consideration of five types of dams,
this modern type was selected as most suitable because it is the only type that
offers sufficient resistance to the effects of earthquake !hocks which occasionally
occur in this region.
By holding this immense volume of water, not only will the seriousness of
flood conditions in the Huai Ho be lessened, tut also the water will be avail-
able for the irrigation of some 500,000 mou of farm land. Furthermore, in the
discharge of this water, from 1,300 to 2,000 kilowatts of electric energy may
be developed, and the water will render navigable, for wooden boats of 50 tons
burden, 90 kilometers of the middle and lower reaches of the Psi Ho betweer
Hang-p'at-tlou and Ying-ho-chi.
Materials such as pine timbers, cement, reinforcing steel rods. ail, equip-
ment, and food supplies are being transported to the work site from such places
as Mongolia, the Northeast, Tsi
ngtao, Tainan, Shanghai, and Nanking.
1CWA TMG TO (ET 48 BILLION YW FOR WATER CONSERVANCY -- New York, Hua-ch'iao
Jib-pao, 10 Apr 52
Hong Kong, 3 April -- According to information received from Canton, 48
billion Yuan have been appropriated by the Central People's Govern nt to assist
Kwangtung to carry out, in the spring of 1952, large-scale flood prevention and
irrigation projects. This amount is more than double the total amount spent
for these purposes in 1950 and 1951 together.
Earthwork, aggregating 9,950,000 cubic meters, and 140,000 cubic meters
of masonry are Involved. Of this 50 percent, was accomplished by the end of
February 1952. Most of the remainder is expected to be finished before the
arrival of the flood season. Thus, 4,390,000 mou of cultivated land will be
protected from inundation. This will make possible the production of 152 million
cattier of rice more than if the land suffered inundation. A large number of
below-surface watergates are to be constructed.
MERCHANT ACCUSED OF SABOTAGE OF HUAI HO CONSERVANCY -- Shanghai, Cbieh-fang
Jih-pao, 23 Feb 52
Corrupt merchants are deliberately making use of the Huai Eo conservancy
nrniacts as opportunities for illicit private profit in a degree seriously det-
rimental co the success of these great public works and to the welfare of the
more than 50 million people in the affected regions.
STAT
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In March 1951, Sun Ying-ts'ai, manager of the Li-sheng Company of Tsinan,
Shantung, learning from an inside party that the Conservancy Commission needed
instruments for meteorological and hydrographic measurements and records as a
basis for engineering planning, submitted in Pang-fou samples of new first-class
instruments. On the basis of these samples, preliminary contracts for the pur-
chase of a large quantity of instruments was made later in Tsinan by an assis-
tant engineering cadre named Chao Tau-1.
Sun claimed that the instruments to be supplied were being manufactured
in Tientsin and in the Northeast, and would be delivered shortly. During the
interval of waiting, Sun heaped all kinds of corrupt blandishments upon Chao,
and after bribing Chao to the extent of 2 million yuan, slipped in with the good
standard instruments, a number of defective secondhand instruments bought in ,
Tientsin.
In October 1951, the commission again had to buy a quantity of instruments
for scientific measurements and sent Cadres Kao Sheng-ch'i and Chen Chin-lin to
Tsinan to arrange the purchase. There they were introduced by Chao to Sun of
the Li -aheng Company who corrupted these cadres and indulged in unrestrained
fraud against heaven, the government, and the people.
According to calculations, in deals totaling one billion yuar, %n, by
substituting inferior instruments for goon' ones, made a profit of 380 million
Yuan, and caused a loss to the government or over 450 million yuan. Worse
than this, due to the defective instruments, the accuracy and reliability of
the observations and sasurementr made at some 150 meteorological and hydro-
graphic stations in the Huai Ho Basin, have been impaired and their value for
planning purposes largely destrc ed. Hence, the work of the staffs in the ob-
servation stations has been wasted. Furthermore, the projects for 1952 could
not be carried out according to engineering plans based upon inaccurate and un-
reliable data, and thus the losses entailed are simply incalculable.
The actions of Sun, in conspiring with the Conservancy Commission cadres,
Chao, Chen, Kao, and others, to defraud the government, included the establish-
ment in Pang-You of a branch office of the Li-sheng Company. This office had
entree through the cadres to the inner councils of ti's c-rmniselon. Such actions
are exactly what the "three-anti" and "fiveanti" movements u.e uesigned to com-
bat.
Sun, anticipating trouble not only refused to come forward in Tsinan with
a frank and full confession but sneaked down to Pang-fou for a sessior 'with his
fellow conspirators. There he said to them, "Do not confess, to do so will not
do you any good. As 'or me, they might close my shop; but what about you, your
wife, and children? Who will support them? I also v111 not confess. If, as is
most unlikely, you are unable to avoid being brought to took. then admit only
the acceptance of a commission. of entertainment at feasts and in bathhouses,
and such small matters. A- to the establishment of a brivirh office in Pang-fou
and the receipt of bribes, on no account mention such things."
In this conference they also decided upon a course of future action and
assigned duties, as follows: Kao Sheng-ch'i was to be responsible for smoothing
matters over with their superiors and subordinates; Chat. Tsu-i was to keep him-
self and associates posted on developments, and to get the families cf accom-
plices to return to their native places prior to the culprits' flight to avoid
arrest and harsh handling.
No matter bow sinister, and artful these dishonest busineasmen may be, in
the end, they will never escape the hands of the people. To protect the rights
of the more than 50 million people in the Huai Ho Basin, the people's govern-
ment has arrested the crook, Sun, and his fellow conspirators who refused to
confess, and will deal with them strictly according to law. -- Liu Ch'un
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