USSR REPORTS LIVESTOCK INCREASES

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4
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RIPPUB
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C
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7
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
October 6, 2011
Sequence Number: 
496
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Publication Date: 
May 29, 1952
Content Type: 
REPORT
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 CLASSIFICATION C911IDINT A CENTRAL IINNTE L GI ENNCCEOAGENCY INFORMATION FROM FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS COUNTRY USSR \ SUBJECT Economic - Agriculture, livestock HOW PUBLISHED Daily newspapers; semimonthly, monthly, WHERE bimonthly periodicals PUBLISHED USSR; West Germany DATE PUBLISHED I-ANGUAGE REPORT CD NO. DATE OF INFORMATION 1 it - 1952 DATE DIST. 2.9 PAY 1952 NO. OF PAGES 7 SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO. "to r%Nr~T fxoTUn urfMUnN u,rCf1N Tllr ufwur rerun 01 VIII 111Th) runs emu fN sYON N UVINhn ?R N t U C.. O Low rl.u YON?? m frYNUNN or Tor rrfwnw O/ In Cornofs lr Nf OqN TO a aoronNlnr ntlrr lr no- .1_ni rT ur. rr,rrorrnoo Or Till r*Y U ryrlrlpr. THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION Newspapers and periodicals as indicated. USSR REPORTS LIVE8~{ INCREASSB umbers in parentheses refer to appended sources] USSR In 191+8, the number of livestock in kolkhozes iegsased as follows: cattle 23 percent, hogs 75 percent, sheep and goats 16 percent.(1) During the ar, the Germans killed or drove off to Germany 7 million horses, 17 million cattle, 20 million hogs, 27 million sheep and goats, and 110 million domestic fowl.(2,3) The total number of thoroughbred livestock in the USSR increased as follows in the period 1945 through 19149: cattle 88 percent, hogs 1.3 times, sheep 36 percent, and horses 72 percent.(2) Thoroughbred livestock in ko1- khozes increased during the same period as follows: cattle 206 percent, sheep 142 percent, hogs 250 percent. (4) At the end of 1949, thoroughbred livestock in kolkhozes constituted the following percentages of larval liw. stock in kolkhozes a cattle 3V pr(rcee&t l cent; (5) ' During 1949 and 1950, livestock in kolkhozes increased as follows: cattle 33 percent, hogs 1.3 times, sheep and goats 3b percent, fowl almost two times.(3) Other sources cite the following percentage increases for the same period: cattle 34 percent, including cows 52 percent hogs 129 percent, sheep and goats 34 percent, and fowl 19^ percent.(6,75 At the end of 1950, sovkhozes of the Ministry of State Farms USSR had increased their livestock holdings over 1940 as follows: cattle 20 percent, sheep and goats 29 percent, and hogs 36 peroent.(2,3,8) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Productive livestock in kolkhozes in 1950 increased as follows over 1940: cattle 40 percent,t shee and goats 63 percent, hogs 49 percent, and the number of fowl doubled.(8,9,10) The total number of productive livestock possessed by all categories of owners (kolkhozes, eovkhozes, kolkhozniki, workers and employees) in 1950 was 4 percent larger than 1940 (11,12) and the total number of fowl increased 14 percent in the same period.(8,12) J-he following table, taken from a Soviet refugee newspaper (13) published in Germany, purportedly quoting Soviet statistics, represents total livestock numbers in the USSR for the years indicated (million headyt 1929 1938 1949 1P 950nned Horses cattle 34.0 68 1 17.5 6 -- 1 .3 Sheep and oats . 4 3.2 58.0 65.3 g Ho s 1 7.2 102.5 98.2 121.5 g 20.9 30.6 20.6 31.2 As of October 1950, the number of cattle in kolkhozes was 38 percent larger than prewar, the number of sheep and goats 65 percent larger, and hogs 55 percent larger.(14) According to preliminary data, collectivized livestock on kolkhozes of the USSR increased as follows in 1950: cattle 10 percent, including cows 20 per- cent, hogs 28 percent, sheep and goats 13 percent, horses 15 percent, and fowl 44 percent.(15,16) During 1950, livestock on sovkhozea increased as follows: cattle 15 percent, hogs 39 percent, sheep and goats 13 percent, and horses 20 percent.(15) At the end of 1950, the total livestock population of the USSR was as fol- lows: cattle 57.2 million head, including cove 24.2 million head, hogs 24.1 million head, sheep and goats 99 million head, and horses 13.7 million head. (15,16) At the beginning of 1951, the proportion of collectivized livestock to the total livestock population of the -otztry was as follows: cattle 49 percent, sheep and goats 69 percent, and hogs >0 percent.(7,17) In 1951, the number of livestock held in kolkhozes of the USSR is to in- crease as follows: cattle 21 percent, including cows 27 percent, sheep and goats 28 percent, hogs 47 percent, and fowl 1.5 times.(7) From 1 October 1950 to 1 October 1951, livestock in kolkhozes increased as follows: cattle 13 percent, including cows 18 percent, hogs 27 percent, sheep e.i goats 7 percent, horse 9-11 percent, and fowl 11 percent.(5,18,19) During the same period, livestock on sovkhozes increased as follows: cattle 15 percent, hogs 16 percent, sheep and goats 8 percent, horses 15 percent, and fowl 37 percent.(5) In 1951, the total number of livestock in the USSR increased by almost 14 million head, including cattle more 'than 1.6 million head, hogs 2.6 million head, sheep and goats 8.5 million Kean, and horses almost one million head. During the year, the number of fowl increased more than 60 million head. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 In 1951 the number of collectivized livestock in kolkhozes increased as follows: cattle 12 percent, including cows 15 percent, hogs 26 percent, sheep and goats 8 percent, horses 8 percent, fowl 50 percent. In sovkhozes of the Ministry of State Faros USSR, cattle increased-15 percent, including cows 14 percent, hogs 21 percent, sheep and goats 11 percent, horses 14 percent, and fowl 27 percent.(20) From 1949 through 1951, the number of cattle on kolkhozea increased 49 percent, sheep 50.5 percent, and hogs more than two tiata.(21) For that same period, the number of fowl on kolkhozes quintupled, and at present totals four times the 1940 level.(22) During the first 11 months of 1951, the number of livestock on kolkhozes of the republic increased as follows: cattle 22 percent, hogs 49.4 percent, and fowl 43.7 nercent.(23) During the whole of 1951, the number of cattle in republic kolkhozes increased by 55,000 head.(24) For the same year, livestock on the kolkhoz livestock farms of the republic increased as follows: cattle 37 percent, including cows 12.7'percent, hogs 66.3 percent, sheep 32.8 percent, fowl 141.7 percent.(25) In 1951, total livestock in the republic as a whole Increased over 1950 as follows: cattle 22.3 percent, hogs approximately 50 percent, sheep 25 percent.(26) As of 1 January 1952, there were more than 14,000 geese and ducks in kol- khozes of the republic. In 1950, water fowl comprised 2 percent of all fowl in the Estonian SBR.(27) In 1952 the kolkhozes of the republic must increase livestock as follows: cattle 15 percent, including cows 14 percent, hogs 12 percent, sheep 5.5 per- cent.(28) In 1952, the republic as a whole must increase the number of cattle by 18.3 percent, and hogs by 12.3 percent.(29) Lithuanian _SSE In 1951, livestock on republic kolkhozes increased as follows: cattle 58.5 percent, hogs 67.7 percent, sheep 28.9 percent, and fowl 81.6 percent.(30) Belorussian SSR From 1949 through 1951, republic kolkhozes increased their livestock hold- ings as follows: cattle 1.3 times, including cove 2.8 times, sheep 1.7 times, hogs 3.7 times, and fowl 2.4 times-01) As of 1 January 1952, the number of cattle on kolkhozes was 49.8 percent greater than on 1 Jaauary 1941, the number of hogs 74.8 percent greater, and the number of sheep and goats 62.2 percent greater. In the eastern oblasts of the republic, where the collectivized live- stock population was decimated during the war, cattle at present number 16.3 percent, hogs 25.5 percent, and sheep and goats 24.6 percent more than prewar. (32) Sovkhozes of the republic exceeded goals of the Three-Year Plan for De- velolment of Productive Livestock (1949 - 1951) as follows: cattle 13.3 per- cent, bogs 8.8 percent, and sheep 22.8 percent.(33) In Belorussia in 1950, water Pow; -omprised 29 percent of all fowl.(27) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Ukrainian SSR During 1949, 1950, and the first 9 months of 1951, kolkhozes and sov- khozes of the republic increased their livestock holdings as follows: cattle 72 percent, hogs 269 percent, sheep 148 percent, and fowl 128 percent.(34) From 1949 through 1951, the number of cattle on kolkhozea increased 79.3 per- cent-05) During the same period, republic sovkhozes fulfilled the livestock development plan as follows: cattle almost 80 percent, hogs 105 percent, sheep 132.3 percent, horses 52.4 percent, and fowl 119.2 percent.(36) In the same 3 years, 1949 through 1951, livestock in Kiev Oblast increased as follows: cattle 60 percent, hogs 1.3 times, sheep 1.6 times, and fowl 2.5 times.(37) Red Steppe cattle are concentrated in the southern portions of Ukrainian SSR. They total 43 percent of all thoroughbred cattle in the republic. Of the total number of cattle of the Red Steppe breed in the USSR, 45.3 percent are located in the Ukrainuan SSR.(38) Moldavian SSR During the period 1949 through 1951, republic kolkhozes increase live- stock over 1948 as follows: cattle 6 times, sheep 4 times, hogs 7 times, fowl 16 times.(39) q In 1951, kolkhozes of Moldavia fulfilled the annual livestock increase plan as follows: cattle 123 percent, including core 118 percent, horses 102 percent, hogs 117 percent, sheep and goats 107 percent, and fowl 145 percent.(40) Georgian SSR In the course of the second postwar Five-Year.Plan [951 - 195577. a 220- percent increase in the number of fine-wooled, semifine-wooled, and semi- course-vooled sheep 1 Tanned in the republic. The 1951 plan called for the establishment of 220 artificial insemination points; actually ::45 were set up. By 1 November 1951, 455 200 sheep h,d been artificially inseminated, which Was 114.5 percent of the 101 plan. (41 Armenian SSE During the period 1949 through 1951, livestock on republic kolkhozes showed the following increases over 1947: cattle 26.6 percent, sheep and goats 51.7 percent, hogs 159 percent, horses 55 percent, fowl 39.6 percent.(42) For the same period, the number of livestock on kolkhozes of the Armenian SSR increased as follows: cattle more than 42,000 head, sheep 213,000 head, hogs 30,000 head, and fowl 233,000.(43) Azerbaydzhan SSR Animal husbandry in Azerbaydzban SSR is being developed in an extremely unsatisfactory manner. As of 1 January 19c2, the Three-Year Plan for Develop- ment of Productive Livestock (1949 - 1951) was fulfilled as follows: cattle 94.5 percent, sheep and goats 89.5 percent, hogs 93 percent. As a result of poor care, squandering, and plundering, the number of livestock on several kolkhozes has actually decreased. Kolkhozes in Martuninskiy, Mardakertskiy, and Steosnskertskiy rayons were guilty in this respect. In 1951, 62 kolkhozes did not fulfill the plan for an increase of sheep and goats, 57 kolkhozes for cattle, and 17 for horses.(44) The All-Union Cattle Census was completed 8 January 1952. The census will indicate the number of cattle, hogs, horses, goats on kolkhozes, sovkhozes, various state and cooperative organizations, and those privately owned. Approxi- mately 3,000 census takers were brought to Moscow Oblast alone to take the census. (45) -4- CONFIDENTIAL Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 In 1950, water fowl comprised 36 percent of all fowl in Velikiye Luki Oblast, and 13 percent in Pskov Oblast.(27) Kazakh SSR From 1948 to 1952, livestock numbers in the republic cent, while fodder increased 32.9 per_ procurement increased only 5.9 percent.(46) On Kazakh kolkhozes, there are approximately 700 livestock-breeding farms. In 1951, two times more breeding horses, bulls, hogs, and sheep were sold to kolkhozes of Kazakh, Kirgiz, Tu::kmen, and Uzbek SSRs than in 1950.(47) Uzbek SSR Kolkhozes of Kara-Kalpak ASSR obtained the following increases in live- stock during the period 1949 through 1951: cattle 27 percent, karakul sheep 33 percent, horses 28 percent, fowl four times.(48) The 1949 republic plan for increase of collectivized livestock was not fulfilled, particularly for sheep and goats; construction of livestock shelters and fodder procurement are also lagging in the republic.(49) 2hdzhik SSR During the period 1949 through 1951, kolkhozes of Gorno-?Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast increased livestock as follows: cattle 40 percent, sheep and goats 63 percent. In 1952, not lees than 200,000 head of Gissarskiy and other fat-tailed sheep must be inseminated by Saradzhinskiy rams in the republic. Each hundred sheep must produce not less than 110 lambs. During the period from 1949 through 1951, 11 poultry incubator stations capable of hatching more than a million chicks a year were set up in the re- public. In 1952, the incubator stations must sell one million chicks to the kolkhozes.(50) From 1949 through 1951, the number of cattle on Pamir kolkhozes increased 40.5 percent and the number of sheep and goats increased 63 percent. As of February 1952, kolkhozes have as many sheep, goats, and cattle as the minimum planned for by the end of 1953.(5l) Kirgiz SSR According to data for 1950, the number of cattle on kolkhozes of the republic increased 74.6 percent in comparison with 1945, sheep and goats 115 percent, and horses 78 percent.(52) During the Three-Year Plan for Development of Productive Livestock (1949 - 1951). the number of livestock in the republic increased as follows: cattle 41.8 percent, sheep and goats 42.6 percent; horses 29.1 percent, hogs 164.4 percent, and fowl two times. The increases for this period should have been: cattle 54.5 percent, sheep and goats 69.8 percent, hogs 302 percent, fowl 438 percent.(53) The republic as a whole fulfilled the three-year plan as follows: cattle 91.3 percent, sheep and goats 83.5 percent, hogs 65.1 percent, fowl 52.3 percent, and horses 99.2 percent.(54) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 During this samt 3-year period, sovkhozes of the republic increased their livestock holdings as follows: cattle 46.5 percent, horses 50 percent, hogs 206 percent, fowl 273 percent.(55) The foregoing percentage increases in the number of livestock represent the following plan fulfillment percentages: cattle 102.8 percent, sheep and goats 101.3 percent, hogs 104.7 percent, and horses 102.8 percent.(53) Kolkhozes of the republic fulfilled the three-year livestock plan as fol- fowe: cattle 91.8 percent, sheep and goats 83-7 percent, hogs 65.7 percent, 55.1 percent, and horses 99.4 percent.(53) Several variations have been reported in 1952 planned livestock increases. One source cites the following planned increases in the number of livestock on kolkhozes in 19c0: cattle 9 percent, sheep 19.4 percent, hogs 52.2 percent horses 1.7 percent.(53) Another source lists a 19.4-percent increase in the number of both sheep and goats.(54) The variations are more pronounced in planned livestock increases announced for sovkhozes. One source reported the following planned increases on republic sovkhozes in 1952: cattle 13 percent, bheep 24.3 percent, hogs 36.5 percent, horses 12.9 percent, and fowl 5.8 percent.(54) Another source gave the following figures: cattle 16.2 percent, sheep 24.6 percent, hogs 42.2 percent, horses 13.6 percent, and fowl 76 percent.(56) In 1952, average natural livestock increases in the republic as a whole are planned as follows: from each hundred females not less than 95 calves, 100 lambs, 110 kids, 80 colts, and from each sow 18 piglets.(53) In 1951, kolkhozes obtained from each hundred females 58 calves, 68 lambs and kids, and 49 colts. In 1952, the following must be obtained from each hundred females on kolkhozes: 90 calves, 100 lambs, 110 kids; 75 colts, and from each sow not lees than 12 piglets.(54) On sovkhozes in 1952 the following must be obtained from each 100 females: 82 calves, 100 lambs, 70 colts, and from each sow 13 piglets.(56) As of February 1952, Alatau cattle comprise 78.6 percent of the total thoroughbred cattle on kolkhozes of the republic. A large percentage of them are concentrated in Frunze Oblast. Only 21.3 percent of the total number of cattle in Kirgiz SSR are cows, a considerable portion of which do not bear offspring. The proportion of cows should be raised to 32-35 percent.(57) 1. ML;scowNauka i Zhizn', No 9, 1951 2. Moscow, Planovoye IOiozyaystvo, No 3, 1951 3. Moscow; Vestnik Statistiki, No 3, 1951 4. Moscow, Bol'ebevik, No 10, 1951 5. Moscow] Voprosy Ekonomiki, No 12, 1951 6. Mosccx Sotsialisticheskoye Zhivctnovodetvo, No 4, 1951 7. MoscowjKormovaya Baza, No 4, 1951 8. Voprosy Ekonomiki, No 5, 1951 9. Moscow, Sotsialisticheskoye Sel'skoye Khozyaystvo, No 9, 1951 10. Moscow, Moskovskiy Komeomolets, 28 Feb 52 11. Bol'shevik, No 24, 1951 12. Sotsialisticheskoye Sel'skoye Knozyayetvo, No 10, 1951 13. Limberg/Lahn Posev, 18 Nov 51 14. Sotsialisticheskoye Zhivotnovodstvo, No 1, 1951 15. Voprosy Ekonomiki, No 7, 1951 16. Kormovaya Baza, No 2, 1951 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4 17. Sotsialisticheekoye Zhivotnovodstvo, No 5, 1951 18. 8otsialisticheskoye Sel'skoye Khozyaystvo, No 11, 1951 19. Kormovaya Baza, No 12, 2951 20. Voproey Bkonomiki, No 2, 1952 21. Sotsialisticbeskoye Sel'ekoye Khozyayetvo, No 2, 1952 22. Moscow, Ptitsevodstvo, No 2, 1952 23. Tallin, Sovetskaya Bstoniya, 3 Jan 52 24. Moscow, Pravda, 3 Feb 52 25. Sovetskaya Estoniya, 3 Feb 52 26. Ibid., 1 Jan 52 27 Ibid., 20 Feb 52 28. Ibid., 28 Feb 52 29. Rigs, Sovetskaya Latviya, 29 Feb 52 30. Vil'ayus, Sovetskaya Litva, 1 Jan 52 31. Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya, 28 Feb 52 32. Ibid., 27 Jan 52 33. Ibid., 2 Mar 52 34. Sotsialiaticheakoye Zhivotnovodetvo, No 1, 1952 .35. Frunze, Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, 3 Jan 52 36. Leningrad, Leningradskaya Pravda, 24 Jan 52 37. Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 2 Feb 52 38. Moscor, Sovetskaya Zootekhniya, No 2, 1952 39. Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya; 28 Feb 52 40. Ibid., 1 Feb 52 41. Tbilisi, Zarya Vestoka, 5 Jan 52 42. Yerevan, Kommunist, 28 Feb 52 43. Ibid., 16 Feb 52 44. Baku, Bakinskiy Rabochiy, 17 Jan 52 45. Moscow, Moskovskaya Pravda, 4 Jan 52 46. Alma-Ata, Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 16 Feb 52 47. Lemingradskaya Pravda, 8 Jan 52 48. Tashkent, Pravda Vc%toka, 18 Jan 52 49. Planovoye Kbozyaystvo, No 1, 1951 ? 50. Stalinabad, Kommunist Tadzhikistan, 16 Feb 52 51. Ibid., 24 Feb 52 52. Sotsialisticneskoye Zhivotnovodstvo, No 10, 1951 53. Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, 12 Jan 52 54. Ibid., 7 Feb 52 55. Lesingrad.kaya Pravda, 16 Jan 52 56. Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, 10 Jan 52 57. Ibid., 1 Feb 52 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/06: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700060496-4