THE YUGOSLAV POSTAL, TELEGRAPH, AND TELEPHONE SERVICE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700080066-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 66
• Publication Date: August 27, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION, MMIM'M
CENT.,AL INTEL.IG ENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO t* OADCASTS
11IlNTR' Ynga?lsvia
HOW
PUBL15! IED
WHERE
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
REPOR1
CD I.O.
C60iological
Hen~aotrk
Xanpowor, training
DATE DIST.,2,7 ling 1952
NO. OF PAGES
11
7-950 - 1951
Sarbo-Croatian
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
no on nn, /Am a~1n~n on WM.. of n,lo411 Leo on
tT a50 $2.05 5.705.5. tee ta@nlnton a 105 tmwno.
oom 077 an I, 0701505050. W TW PON I5 psoamuon. N Plro?
THIS IS UNEVALUPD INFORMATION
Innor~.^tivni x iruSri:: o L.^.0:: I, So ttoa 9, 1,0;
Book , On 13, 1951.
The foi?^ving report is one of several tak9n from Inforaativai
Prir =aik Jet oslaviji, a handbook published irreguiar a ce
late 1TJ40 by the TUZOIDAav Directorate for Information.
Postal, telegraph, sad telephone facilities in peevar Yugoslavia lagged
far behind otbar countries. There vas one post office per 8,221 persons in
193', or one post office par 130.1 square kilomets e. `Pha postal; telegraph,
ad teleph~t netvork vas even more handicapped bT boing unevenly distributed.
In 1939, a single postal, t?r1egraph, eM teleph;= office served the following.
n r of people:
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er+ald not be considered _., __..._ .,
ea_ t
regular post offices. 4he relatively low
n snot state post offices in cosnxtriexon with the number of contract post
offices WO due to contracts th Ptl Adiit
eosamnsration male with private
persons (Varcbente, tavern keepers, etc.), who contracted to run the pout
office: concerned for a low salary. The majvrity of these post office
managers employed sa.called dispatchers, who performed post office services
for a small salary. Dispatchers were considered employees of the PTT
(Postal, Telegraph, sad Telephone Service). Their salaries were very low
and they were mercilessly exploited by the enntrwctors.
In 1939, Yugoslavia did not have telegraph or telephone channels (instal-
lations which allowed one line to carry more than one telephone conversation
or to send more than one telegram airxle neoualy) or domestic radiotelephone
coaa'ections, while the international radiotelegraph aeraice was contro le b
y
The PIT was considerably damaged during the National Liberation War,- but
reconetruotion was eta tad right after the liberation, The Five-Year Plan
calls ffo.; taleihoae connections to be established between Belgrade and all
republic and oblast cent rs by the end of 1951. Telephone genes,ions are to
be established also in all industrial centers, all ores councils, and all
state fares and stations.
At the and of 1950, Yugoslavia had 3,802 postal, telegraph, and telcp'one
establishments: The number and di--tributic+a of PIT offices were as follows:
1930 I P45 1946 1947 948 9 10
Serbia 580 557 580 618 743 1,0l8 1,144
Croatia 745 6oo 688 787 842 960 1,050
Siorunia 360 363 366 437 555 561 561
Bosnie.Sersegovina 186 103 125 143 328 735 765
Montenegro 69 75 73 70 77 183 2.0.
Ifacedonia 61 48 6o 79 121 85 88
Of the total number of postal
telegraph
and telephone establish
t
,
,
men
s
,
there wore 2,659 permanent and 1,143 subsidiary poet offices. The latter are
local`peopigs~sAcouncil m1sge3 the post office in addition to his other duties.
To enlarge the postal network and include as many villages as possible,
mail carrier service was introduced in 1948. There were 1,195 mural m"
carrier s. in.l9Y8_ 2,'04+ in '^L^ an 2,16/ in ].950.
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141U41*p- To keep the rent as 1m, as possible, buildings were rented which
30the, eo sliadWith the technical requirements of the PPP nor provided
' Jltliftt1working conditions. Only 121 PIT establishments were housed in
buildings owned by the Ministry for Foot Offices. In 20 yearn, only 60
-,)ui iage were eotsstructed w'ai sh net the requirements of the FIT.
Prca the liberation to 1 October 1950, 50 PIT buildings were contructed.
Nine now buildings were constructed for the FM in 1950.
At tip and. of 1950y sail tam port routes covered 168,296 kilometers.
The typos and length of postal routes were as follows (in kiloseters):
Road routes
1939 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950
Other vehicles 0,176 5,227 5,579 30,825 64,875 68,176
Air routes 4,857 3,330 5,339 480 6,907 14,190
The large increase in the length of mail routes resulted from putting
into operation newly constructed railroads, new post offices, =we rural nail
carriers, now Yugoslav transoceanic ships, and new domestic and international
air lines.
Dail transportation routes in Yugoslavia are handled by state economic
enterprises, while s ny land routes in prover Yugoslavia were handled as
coIIsessiona by private persons for which the PTT paid expensive transportation
rates.
Railroad sail cars 306 114
Notor vehicles 201 343
NW, "e I arts 810 494
1846
1 -
198
1949
1950
168
194
222
247
270
509
375
384
356
326
2
12
12
10
10
864
864
864
1,276
1,00,
768
1,;.76
1,276
1,003
2,276
24
24
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1945 1946 194T
244,331 2,523,082 5,314,162
-- 451,107 767,268
244,331 ?_,97&,189 6,081,430
2
6,627,145 6,988,606
6o4,855 962,394
7,232,0 7,951,000
4 - .
MMMOM
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At the en. of 1948, the ncnber of letters ert3 postal cards sent through
t,r.,=i7to 1 $ Rs fellow:
1'ot 3. 3309,6 '',166 159,327,056 232,343,155 291,081+,328 333,150,333
1`4&= 404=3 34,730,467 -- 15,397,965 22,539,910 22,726,989
1939 1945 '4+6 ?9,'7 1943
The i crease in the transmiasion of letters and poetal cards vas the re-
salt of the enlarged postal network and the increased literacy of the popula-
tion.
1939 1946 1'7 1248
Domestte 252,214,709 290,534,600 243,501,510 321,047,369
Total . 270,489,474 191,372,'+24 249,118,120 330,842,449
International 18,274,765 39(,824 5,616,610 9,795,080
Aorootic 746,695,999 763,885,677
Ya rlaTla enil also of including viilag6 nays mire and gore in tie r:r_sa.
12
Dcmeatie `.,OO9,951
International 259,363
Total 5,69,314
Boeo6stio 5,967,892
Enterffit1c a 652,530
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6,93P,368 132,707 3,122,b67 b, TT, 1,721,896
3,558,535,588 3,477,355,O23 5,197,033,595 5,500,650,852
16,613,532 2,344,89^ 13,575,407 25,016,304 ?5,631,837 15,678,633
31,423,980,549 ?- 53,352,269,007 59,224,141,963 59,949,782,945
Other i'ostal Fiasnciai Tranea&-tions
(aS41ge an accounts,
_.Sp ALtA tatters of e*gdit)
Aupber
Maws
* Includes pastal accounts
80,394,681:' dipare for all pcratal financial traneacttans in 1950
16, 2h2,110
11,181,776 'T,3.38,140
67,114,020,250*
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a , 1 1 .n lr
a8. In 1949 acrd 1950, the length c- telegraph
ed4telephone knees, cables, ant) ehma^le wan as follovs:
-~~, ynuuc tin?d ancrea em in length to 111 in
U U6
15r in 397, sad! 127 Sn 19b8; Brad telegraph l,nes iuccemsud to 152 in
196 x55 in 10?
-
!al!Qral - Tmloph.me Lines
.3e1edraph lines
Tal_esp aPh e~M Telephone Oabies
TleBr&* cables
. T40hoae cables.
'l~elrr~h sad Telephone Chaaaelo
171 242
479 514
? UWJaria Aae m=eet radio-
caaa iuatisce vith Bern, Beirut, London, lfoscoe, :Acv York, Prague,
, , if aiceirarV_ w.1, m..n..... _ _ --- _.
The nmk2r of telephone subscribers has bee increasing as follevs.
106
1947
1949
1950
No of Subscribers
53,636
59,635
66,971
74,994
76,513
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587 115,616 121,0081
 :i"L.~,,: .a
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Niaiber'of inter-
nntiaaal tele,U$
Humber of vords in
domestic telegrams 65,484,591
Huber of aorgs in
ir`;raetional
telegrams 1.3,049,085 3,540,303 12,305,2
2,170,8112 3,601,275
56,158,911 77,669,820
2,051,966 3,259,626
118,876 344,649
52,618,609 65,364,543
The number of dcmlestic, and international long-distance telephone calls has been increasing as folla:s:
ig 2 550
1
1939
Domestic telephone
calm
International
teleghone.calle 372,211
-94
~
3, 10,737 7,095,007 11.,041,:?20 14,979,512
11ot available 37,603
1
(
1243
1943
195h
~.
4,487,024
5,7'0,8614
6,883,000
7,6,000
93,009,230
121,910,412
142,954,727
145$07j,196
3,960,096
5,156,5"4
6,236,785
6,931,090
526,932
584,290
596,215
554,91(,
77,153,296
104,576,957
125,735,700
28,815,258
15,855:934
17,333,405
17,219:027
16,2`9,936
'.18,066
4,748,611 3,540,737 7,132,610 11,150,210 15,155,342 20,262,000 23,245,000
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Through 1918, porecnuel increazea in the PW vere as follows:
1U
1545
1946
1947
1948
15,928
15,293
18,696
20,045
23,441
The ministry for Poet Offices;, Telegraphs, and Telephones gives special
attention to the improvement and devalopmeut of new personnel. In 1947, three
postal, telegraph, and telephone technical institutes, a two-year PTT school,
end two in ustrial telegraph and telephone schools for mechanics were opened.
These schools had 510 students enrolled in them in ..1947.
In 19I9, three technical institutes, two industrial schools for tole-
plume ad telegraph mechanics, ani one trade school at the "Bikola Tesla"
Telegraph and Telephone Equipment Factory (Fabrika Telegrafsko-'elefonshih
Vs'edta3a) in Zagreb were in operation.
to=ss at the Technical Institute in Belgrade, 288 students attended the
postal course at the ease institute, and 152 students attended the postal
One bwdred fifty students were enrolled in the industrial school for
telephone and telegraph mechanics is Zagreb and 62 students in the industrial
school in Ljubljana.
The trade school in the "Hikola Toole" factory wee attended by 62 st+-A_e_,te.
In addition to, these schools, many aiversified courses were given to
develop new personnel and improve existing personnel, aa} follows:
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 rsilrom4
postal"
ei~rvicaj],
postal,,
a~ a te7:e-
*iriice 50. 492 105. 2,224 .122 1,542
n pastSi .
0,00
of+eratian
Postal, te7Le-
graph, "L
teaepnone'
operators
Hamgere q[
sash paa,t
offices - -
IN,Isgraph
ant tele
phone
nechenic4; 1 5a
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 *.Telegraph and telephone mechanics were tredued in industrial schools, courses for sk13 ed eexd semiskilled
workerh, and osi the job. _
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 Paatdl; telegraph; n.t telenb'ma establishments in Tugoslavia am managed
by t'.,* Federal Mt4istry for Post Offices, Telegraphs, and 'alephones through
directorates, organized as enterprises and located in the capitals of the
i pablics. Serbia, in addition to the Directorate of ;?oat v'f'fiee?, Telegraphs,
end Telephones in Eelgrade, has another directorate in Novi Sad, which covers
the Ycjvodina. Because of the geographic situation and specific nature of
operations in Dalmatia, Croatia has a directorate in Split, in addition to
the directorate in Zagreb. In addition to the directorates in the republics,
the ministry also ages the following enterprises: the "Nikola Tesla" Factory,
the "M1baijlo Pu#in" Telephone Equipment Factory (Fabrika T7lefonskih Uredjaja
"lii.baijlo Pepin"), the ",3 gofilatelija" Staap Enterprise in Belgrade, the
Belgrade Printing Enterprise (StanpariJa) and its subsidiary in L3ubljsna,
the Ent:erp:'ise for the Procurement of Post Office, Telegraph, and Telephone
Material (Preduzece za Nabavku Postaneko-Telegrafsko-Telefonskog Materijala)
in Belgrade, and the Belgrade Publishing Enterprise (Izdavacko Preduzece u
BeogreAu),
The Ministry for Post Offices, Telegraphs, and Telephones acts as a higher
economic association, for it manages .'.ts own enterprises. With the decentral-
ization of state administration in 1950, the personnel, of the ministry was
reduced and operational functions connected with the operation of its enter-
...c~m~. fuser?-' ^ ant,.ated t0 a ea. Lain da?rea in tba uinint=c, wart t:it".:--zl
over to the enterprises thnueolves. Workers' councils end administrative
countila were elected in n11 enterprises, and the councils assumed management
of the enterprises. To accomplish even broader decentralization, managerial
bodies were elected in basic units of enterprises and directorates, and arez
post offices were given special responsibility in post office managenent within
the area area concerned.
The postal service is organized so that a area post office manages all
post offices in the srez concerned, and cooperates with the area people's
agencies regarding problems and general business concerning the PTT. Srez
post offices were first established at the beginning of 1946, with 282 such
poet offices being established by the end of 1948. In the srezes, there were
1,902 local poet offices and 470 subsidiary post offices in operation by the
and of 1948. P. subsidiary poet office is located within tre area of a local
people's council and is managed by an offical of the local people's council.
The budget for 1939 and 1945 - 1948 of the Ministry for Post Offices,
Telegraphs, and Telephones was as follows:
Expenditures
diners
1939
413,208
533,E
1945
393,'99
264,928
,.-n
7 _ r5o 71'2
171,-1
_
1947
944,982
1,402,122
191
1,457,345
1,920,466
Financing of the FLT before the we- was done through a
centralized
budget. The Niniatry for Post Offices had to distribute and approve credits
to F!T directorates on the basis of quarterly requests, making is i,upu..ible
for directorates to sake financial decisions freely, thus not giving them
the necessary flexibility.
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