CHINESE FLOOD CONTROL AND IRRIGATION PROJECTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700090059-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 11, 2011
• Sequence Number: 59
• Publication Date: October 17, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
LANGUAGE
COUNTRY China
SUBJECT Economic - Flr'od control, irrigation
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED China
DATE
PUBLISHED 6 - 21 Jun 1952
1.I1 0MOet1T 7007011 INFO ..Alo1 AnIRUI n: 1AlIC1...nett
or nt O1In1 .?Ant WInn nI ..Ae1H Of ttnollMl An t0
O ? C.. tl A11 tt.1! ..'.. In.AAe111nloe f1 nt n1 Iot
art C0mW IN All .Ae. 11 n 1. o*AOno11R10 n1101 ?w
0..1711 17 LAP. . uVto1OC1IOe o1 Tell rote It tooeltlno.
DATE DIST. 1 7 Oct 1952
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
A three and one half year project of flood control and provision
for increased irrigatica on the I and Shu rivers in Shantung and Ki-
angsu was declared completed as of 1 June 1952. The project radically
changed the channels of both rivers. This, together with other con-
struction along the streams, required the moving of 310 million cubic
feet of stone and 3,875,000,000 cubic feet c' earth. Approximately
one million people worked on the undertaking. The completion of the
project will prevent the almost yearly flooding of 3 million acres of
land which formerly occurred.
The Tsinan Ta-chung Jih-pao statistical department reveals that a
total of 60,000 pumps are to be supplied to the people, 1,030,000 ir-
rigation wells dug, and 44,060 erosion control dams constructed in
Shantung Province during 1952.
A directive issued by the flood. control authorities of the Central
People's Government emphasizes the need for constant watch on all
dikes and locks before and during flood season and mobilization of the
masses for expansion of flood control activities.
I AND S7UU RIVER CONSERVANCY PROJECTS COMPLETED -- Teingtao Jih-pao,'19 Jun 52
The conservancy program for the I and Shu rivers in Shantung and Kiangsu
has been completed as of 1 Juue 1952. This operation required the removal of
3,100,000 fang , ne fang equals 100 cubic feet7 of rock, 38,750,000 fang of
earth, and the construction of 53 engineering structures such as culverts,
spillways, and locks. The pr,)gram was begun in 1949 and carried on since then
in winter and spring months. Seven stages were required to complete the work
on, the Shu and three stages on the I. The Shu River was diverted to a new chan-
nel.by digging a 14-kilometer canal across the Ma-ling Mountain Range. The Shu
now reaches the sea via the Sha River in Shantung instead of in Kiangsu as for-
merly. Ot should be noted as a matter of background information that the Chi-
nese'Communist government has moved the border of Shantung Province southward in
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r
this area to approximately the line of the Lung-hai Railway. The new Shu River
channel enters the sea Just north of the Lung-hai Railway near the town of Hsin-
p'u, actual its old mouth, which it formerly reached only after meandering 130
kilometers south and back.7
The I River formerly flowed into the Grand Canal. It has now been diverted
at a point near the village of Chi-chi anA. carried by a new channel to the sea
at a point considerably south of the Lung-bai Railway. It enters the sea
through the mouth of the Kuan River about 2 kilometers no h s
Chen-chic-chiang j4 21, 119 527.
The new channel of the Shu River through the Ma-ling Mountains was designed
to permit a flow of 2,800 cubic meters of water per second.
At approximate.y the point where the Shu River has been diverted eastward
into the new channel a cut has been made across to the old channel from the I
River which is about 20 kilometers distant at this point. This will divert a
part of the water from the lower reaches of the I into the old channel of the
Shu in times of high water. Since the new channel of the I River east of the
Lo-ma Lake runs for a short distance in the old channel of the Shu River, this
diverted water will return to the new channel of the I at this point. (See ac-
companying sketch.)
These two rivers formerly reached the sea as a part of the Huai River Sys-
tem. Some 700 years ago the Yellow River flowed into the area and silted up
the course, forcing the I and Shu to cut new courses, which resulted in nearly
annual flooding of 18 million mou of land Zone mou equals one sixth acr).
This vast project has been completed almost entirely by the use of primi-
tive, locally produced tools and equipment. The cutting of the new channel of
the Shu across the Ma-ling Mountains through 14 kilometers of solid rock is the
largest piece of conservancy work of its kind ever undertaken in the history of
the nation. About one million persons were employed in the course of the whole
project on both rivers.
to report in the Shanghai Gen-hui Pao 11 June 1952 giving details as to
the purpose or nature of the 53 engineering structures mentioned on the accom-
panying sketch, indicates that they are locks, culverts of varioup aorts, and
spillwaya.7
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f ?
l~ISri' {o..
mrh tae'.,
o 5A,
tens {rut fear
Jh.R...
S4,000OOO cu n/
4M 1. /00.000 cu .>.
y=_y 39 SFrt.c1Nr 's
Lira yun- KC/IO?
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SHANTUNG IRRIGATION AND FLOOD CONTROL PRJJECTS -. Tsinan, Ta-chung Jih-pao,
6 Jun 52
The statistical department of this paper has gathered and collated the fol-
lowing statistics for 1952 water co..servancy projects in Shantung Province. The
statistics are broken down area-vise by Special Administrative Districts as fol-
lows:
Pumps
Distributed
Erosion control
Sp Adm Diet
irrigation)
Wells Dug
Dams Built
Te-chou
8,500
loo,ooc
_
--
T'ai-an
8,000
180,000
11,000
T'eng-hsien
4,000
150,000
2,000
Hui-min
4,500
35,000
--
Tzu-po
5,500
69,018
2,000
I-ahui
1,000
?4,000
12,060
Lin-i
1,000
12,300
1,000
Chang-vei
12,500
187,500
6,500
T'eng-thou
3,500
148,555
4,500
Lai-yang
8,000
83,000
4,000
Wen-teng
1,500
28,588
1,000
Tsinan Municipality
1,000
1,000
--
Taingtao Municipality
1,000
1,000
--
Yen-t'ai (Chefoo) Municipality
Hsu-thou Municipality
300
-.
Total
60,000
1,030,561
44,060
Flood control activities are projected for the nn,rthern section of the
Grand Canal, the Mei Ho, Ta-wen Ho, Kwang-fu Ho, Pal-ma Ho, T'ao-p'an Ho, Mi Ho,
Wei Ho, Ta-ku no, I Ho, and Shu Ho. fFlood control work on the last two rivers
is now reported completed according to first story above.] Soil and water con-
servation projects are also being carried out on the upper reaches of the Shu Ho
and in the Kunlun Mcuntain6 on the Shantung Peninsula.
CENTRAL FLOOD CONTROL RICH COMMAND DIRECTIVE -- Shanghai, Hsin-wen Pao, 21 Jun 52
The Central Flood Control High Command at Peiping has issued the following
directive on flood control:
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1. Mobilize, organize, and prepare. Overc..ne tendencies to relax.
2. Before and during the flood season keep a careful watch on all dikes,
locks, and other flood control structures. Mobilize cadres and people for this
purpose.
3. Comhine flood control with drought control.
4. Keep flood prevention costs down.
5. Mobilize the people and secure their active cooperation in preserving
and expanding flood control activities.
-5-
CONFIDS6TIAL
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