REVIEW OF KIRGIZ SSR AGRICULTURAL PROGRESS AT REPUBLIC PARTY CONGRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100092-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 92
• Publication Date: December 29, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100092-7
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
CENTRAL IggEC9I tLiCTNffW69N
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
Economic - Agriculture, crops, livestock,
animal products
PUBLISHED Daily newspaper
WI iERE
PUBLISHED Frunze
DATE
PUBLISHED 21 Sep 1952
LANGUAGE Russian
SUBJECT
HOW
TIT- I, T.1
Sovetskaya Kirgiziya.
REPORT
CD NO.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1952
DATE DIST.aq Dec 1952
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
REVIEW OF KIRGIZ SSR AGRICULTURAL PROGRESS AT REPUBLIC PARTY CONGRESS
The report on 20 September 1952 by I. R. Razzakov, secretary of the TsK KP(b)
Kirgiz SSR, to the Sixth Congress of the KP(b) Kirgiz SSR contained the following
information on the progress of agriculture in the republic:
During the period since the Fifth Congress of the KP(b) Kirgiz SSR in 1949,
further progress has been made in the sphere of agriculture. The sown area has
been expanded, crop yields have risen, gross harvests of agricultural crops have
increased, and the number of head of collectivized livestock has increased.
During the Fourth Five-Year Plan, the sown area in kolkhnzes of the republic
increased by 13.7 percent, including that under industrial crops by 21.7 percent.
In 1951, the total sewn irea was 49,500 hectares'greater than in 1948.
in 1950, as compared with 1945, the yield of grain crops had risen by 26 per-
cent; cotton, 2.2 times; and sugar beets, 100 percent. During the 5-year period,
production of grain increased by 33 percent; cotton, 3.5 times, and sugar beets,
almost 100 percent.
In 1951, several million more pud of grain, hundreds of thousands more quin-
tals of raw cotton, and several million more quintals of sugar beets were delivered
to the state than is 1945.
During the period 1946 - 1950, capital expenditures for irrigation amounted to
77.5 million rubles. An increase of 38,000 hectares of new irrigated land was at-
tained. An area of 274,000 hectares of kolkhoz land was prepared for conversion to
the new system of irrigation.
Tractor power in I4CS and sovkhozes rose by 42.7 percent. The republic re-
ceived a large number of tractors, combines, hay mowers, cotton pickers, bulldozers,
scrapers, and excavators.
DISTRIBUTION
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At present, more than three fourths of all plowing in the republic is per-
formed by tractor, and more than half of the area sown to grain is harvested by
combine. Soil preparation for sowing and care of growing cotton and sugar beets
are almost fully mechanized.
During the period 1949 - 1951, the number of head of alltypes of livestock
in kolkhozes increase considerably.
thestockrandepubfowllic
Oneifourthsof all kfaras olkhozeschaveng
livestock numbers in e,;cess of the established minimum. In 1951, aso compared
with :945, the number of purebred cattle in kolkhozes of the republic increased
2.8 times and that of purebred sheep almost doubled.
In 1951, kolkhozes delivered 28.5 percent more meat and 47.5 percent more wool
to the state than in 1948.
Considerable work has been done with respect to consolidation of small ''kol-
khozes. There are now 752 kolkhozes as compared with 1,620 before consolidation.
Despite these successes, many serious deficiencies still impede the develop-
ment of agriculture in the republic.
Animal Husbandry
Although the most important branch of agriculture in the republic, animal
husbandry is still the most lagging branch of the republic's economy. The Three-
Year Livestock Development Plan was not fulfilled.
Epidemics (padezh), pilferage, and diversion of collectivized livestock are
permitted in kolkhozes of the republic. Increases of young livestock in kolkhozes
are small because of failure to breed the adult females and because of poor care
of those which are bred. Wintering of livestock was especially poor in the re-
public the last two winters. In 1951, the birthrate of yang animals per 100
adult females was very low; 49 colts, 58 calves, and 68 lambs and kids.
The problem of increasing the productivity of collectivized livestock is
also bear; solved very unsatisfactorily. The tasks of supplying livestock with
adequate supplies of coarse and succulent fodder and concentrated feed, as well
providing livestock with adequate shelters, lave not been accomplished. Live-
stock is maintained on pasture under the open sky almost the entire year. The
plan for sowing of fodder crops is regularly not fulfilled. The necessary work
for hey meadow and pasture improvement is not carried out.
Thus far, the matter of fattening and finishing livestock to be delivered to
the state for meat has not been organized. With expert organization and rational
performance of these tasks, it would be possible to deliver high-quality meat to
the state and to save tens of thousands of head of livestock.
Construction and repair of livestock shelters are unsatisfactory year after
year, Also unsatisfactory are such measures as improving herd composition, quality,
and providing veterinary service.
During the Fifth Five-Year elan, the republic faces great tasks in the sphere
of animal husbandry. especially in the development of sheep raising. To accomp-
lish the :esks set by the plan, it is necessary to eliminate each and every one of
the deficiencies cited above.
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Soil Tillage
The basic task of obtaining large and stable harvests of all agricultural
crops has not been accomplished in the republic. The prewar gross grain harvest
level has not yet been reattained. The development of both cotton growing and
beet growing is lagging seriously. During the last 3 years, the republic has
not fulfilled the plans for yield or procurement of cotton and sugar beets.
The grass-field crop rotation system has been introduced in 410 kolkhozes
of the republic, but has been metered in only 195 kolkhozes; in many kolkhozes,
the crop rotation system is being grossly violated.
There are great deficiencies in the work of MPS. Important tractor work is
performed at improper times, with long delays, and is of low quality. Tractors
and agricultural machines are not utilized at full capacity. Machines are per-
mitted to stand idle, with attendant waste of fuel.
MPS and MZbS do not cope with tasks of mechanizing labor-consuming opera-
tions, especially in fodder procurement.
Electrification of kolkhozes and sovkhozes is being carried out unsatis-
factorily. The plan for construction of kolkhoz electric power stations is not
being *ulfilled. Since 1949, 92 such stations should have been built and put in
operation, but only 37 were built.
For the pe:iod 1952 - 1954, 250 million rubles have been allotted for new
water resource construction; this sum is more than three times as great as that
spent for irrigation construction work during the postwar Five-Year Plan.
Construction of the Orto-Tokoyskoye Reservoir and Bol'shoy Chuyskiy Canal
projects is pointed out in the Fifth Five-Year Plan directives. In addition, it
is planned, in 1953 - 1954, to reconstruct the Karauntur-Say and Ak-Bury irriga-
tion systems, to irrigate the vCvzyl-Dzharskaya Steppe, to construct small water
reservoirs in Frunzenskaya Oblast, and to begin reconstruction of the On-Archa
and Echki-Bashi irrigation systmes in Tyan' -Shan'skaya Oblast. Completion of all
contemplated irrigation projects during the Fifth Five-Year Plan will permit ex-
pansion of the area under irrigation in the republic by more than 120,000 hec-
tares.
During the Fifth Five-Year Plan, not less than 5,000 hectares of shelter
belts must be established in kolkhozes and sovkhozes of the republic.
In 1953 - 1954, 10 MPS and MZhS are to be built and existing MPS provided
with additional new machinery. During the same period, a number of rural hydro-
electric power stations with a total capacity of 23,000 kilowatts are to be built
and put in operation,
Party organizations of the republic have performed some work to eliminate
Kolkhoz Charter violations. Many thousands of hectares of diverted collectivized
land and much livestock, grain, and money have been recovered and returned to
the kolkhozes. However, pilferage and diversion of land, livestock, grain, money,
and other property continues in many kolkhozes. It is necessary to deal deci-
sively with these antistate, antikolkhoz tendencies.
Many kolkhozes have no repair or t.uxiliary enterprises. A goal to be striven
for is that in the next years, each kolkhoz will have a well-equipped blacksmith
shop, machine shop, carpentry shop, and minor repair shop, as well as enterprises
producing construction materials.
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For transport purposes, many cotton and beet-growing kolkhozes have only
five to six light horse-drawn vehicles (brichka). A goal to be striven for is
that within 1-2 years, each kolkhoz have not less than 30-40 such vehicles. It
is necessary to organizs mass production of such vehicles in local, timber in-
dustry, and cooperative enterprises, as well as on kolkhozes themselves.
Sovkhozes
Sovkhozes of the Ministry of State Farms Kirgiz SSR fulfilled the Three-Year
Livestock Development Plan. However, there are substantial deficiencies in the
work of sovkhozes and horse farms. Many sovkhozes have still not eliminated lives-
stock epidemics (padezh skota) and failure to breed adult female stock; sovkhozes
produce young stock of poor quality and fail to increase livestock productivity.
In some sovkhoze., and horse farms, field cultivation and particularly fodder
production are in deplorable condition. In many sovkhozes, little attention is
paid to economical operation of the farms.
The most important tasks of sovkhozes are to increase sharply output of fine
and semifine wool, meat, and milk and to supply kolhozes with purebred stock.
It is necessary to complete mechanization of all labor-consuming operations
in sovkhozes. Construction of homes and farm buildings must be carried out on
a wide scale.
Six out of 26 sovkhozes in the republic are laggards which regularly fail to
cope with their tasks. The Ministry of State Farms continually fails to provide
adequate supervision and has for that reason not eliminated lagging in these sov
khozes. It is necessary to demand of Minister Turatbekov that he put an end to
lagging in these sovkhozes and elevate them during the next years to the level of
leading sovkhozes in the republic.
Conclusion
Successful accomplishment of the great tasks facing agriculture in the re-
public requires solution of the following problems:
1. Considerable rise in labor productivity,
2, Elimination of lags in agricultural operations such as plowing of winter
fallow and harvesting.
3. Improved supervision of kolkhozes, MPS, and sovkhozes.
More than one half of the kolkhoz chairmen in the republic have a low educa-
tion so that it is very difficult for them to deal with questions of agronomy,
machinery utilization, labor organization, and financial matters. Altogether,. only
84 agricultural specialists serve as kolkhoz chairmen. Furthermore. 23 MPS direc-
tors and 13 sovkhoz directors do not have even an average specialized education.
During the last 2 years, the Kirgiz SSR has engaged in socialist competition
with the Kazakh SSR for further progress in animal husbandry and with the Uzbek SSR,
for further progress in cotton growing. The experience of these 2 years shows that
socialist competition and periodic checking on the progress of the competition per-
mit the workers of the republic to acquaint themselves with the experiences and ac-
complishments of other republics and to emulate their successes. The competitions
between the three republics should be continued.
For the remainder of 1952, the republic still faces difficult and great tasks.
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Kolkhozes and sovkhozes of the republic fulfilled the plan for delivery of
grain to the state 30 days earlier than in 1951; several million more pud of
grain were delivered than in 1951. The plan for procurement of medicinal poppies
was successfully fulfilled.
Tasks which have not yet been fulfilled are harvesting and threshing of grain
crops and sowing of winter crops. The experience of 1951, when a considerable
portion of grain crops remained unharvested under the snow, must not be repeated.
Harvesting and procurement of cotton and sugar beets began and is continuing
in,an unorganized manner. Fulfillment of the plans for developa,nt of collectivized
livestock and procurement of animal products is proceeding entirely unsatisfactorily.
Fodder procurement is going badly.. Equally unsatisfactory is the progress be-
ing made in construction and repair of livestock shelters.
Heads of Party, Soviet, and agricultural organizations and agricultural special-
Sets:: should bear clearly in mind that on successful completion of the current
agricultural year depends to a great degree successful fulfillment of the Fifth Five-
Year Plan in the sphere of agriculture.
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