HIGH-SPEED MACHINING METHODS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 371
• Publication Date: January 31, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
~/~ CLASSIFICATION ,CONFibEN~'IAI
CENTRALS NTELLIGENCERAGENCY
? - REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD IJO.
COUNTRY USSR
' DATE OF
SUBJECT Economic; Technological - MA~hine t 1 INFORMATION 1947 - 1952
n
o s.
high-speed methods '
PUBLISHED Daily newspaper and monthl DATE DI?T.31 Jan 1953
y periodicals
DATE
PUBLISHED Mar - 9 Aug 1952
LANGUAGE Russian
ren oo u. r r i , n?now ?nr~ ~ "`"!fie
.Ynrx~ u. mo mna~.~n nie r.~.u~,i.e or .nu u. rtcn a,~ .n
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SOURCE Newspaper and
. periodicals as indicated.
EXPIJ.INS HIGH SPEED DRILLING __ Moscow, Vestnik Mashinostroyenia, Mar 52
V. Zhirov, a Stalin Prize winner, operates a radial drilling machine
at the Kuybyshev Srednevolzhskiy Machine Tool Building Plant, The power oP the
motor is 20 kilovatta; maicimum apindl~ speed is 1,200 revolutions per minute.
He machines a hole according to the second and third classes of accuracy in
two swivel attachments. He mastered these operations in 1947, In 1948 he
started to use a drill vith hard-alloy tips xhich made it possible for him to
convert to high-speed drilling.
Using a drill 16 to 41,5 mi111meterr, in diameter and tipped vith VKd
hard alloy, he applies cutting conditions 1~ times as strenuous as those recom-
mended by norm-setters. For e;:smple, he dr111s a hole 16 millimeters in
diameter at a speed of 1,200 revolutions per minute and a feed of 0,43 milli-
meters and a 28-millimeter-diameter hole at a speed of 368 revolutions per
minute and a feed of 1.44 millimeters.
Increasing the cutting speed does not affect the durability of the tools
because the machining time of any drill does not exceed 0,5 minute Por one part,
and by the time the next part is to be machined, the drill has cooled off. p.
drill made of high-speed steel is cooled by emulsion, ,
Te increase durability, Zhirov uses a drill xith a double poin+, angt_
(s dvoynoy zatochkoy), This prevents crumbling of hard-alloy tips in operation
at high cutting speeds and feeds, especially as the drill emerges from the hole,
Such drills last 1.5-2 hours.
Instead of twist drills, he ~iaes dri7.ln with straight flutes which require
less labe~ consumption manufacture. Experience has shown that a drill with
straight ,lutes is not inferior to twist drills.
CTI.AeSSIFICATION CONFIDENTLII
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
Thick webs which increase thrust are Pound in both high-speed steel and
hard-alloy-tipped drills. To redu:e thrust, Zhirov thinned the xeb, $oxever,
with excessive thinning oP a web, especially oP s large-diameter drill, the
cool either breaks or borne.' Properly thinned webs permit an increase in
labor productivity.
Drills with inaertAd hard-alloy tips, which require a double point angle,
are more effective than high-speed-steel drills. Ia hie article, "Let Us Furnish
Stakhanovitea and $igh-3peed Workers With First-Clans $ard-Alloy Toole." I, I.
3emenchenko describes one drill design where the inventor tried to eliminate the
influence of a transverse edge. This was achieved by replacing one hard-alloy
tip with two, located in such a way that they resemble a Pork. Zhirov tested
drills of this design an?i xas convinced oP the exp?diency of their application.
Working with a drill 6.5 millimeters in diameter at a Peed of 0.55 millimeter,
he noted that the transverse edge was Frequently crushed in and formed similar
forks. Drills with a crushed-in web require leas physical st_ength in drilling
holes with hand feed. This fact inspired him to cut through the transverse edge.
A groove ~ee appended aketc~ decreased friction on the surface, increased the
durability of the drill, and permitted an increase in feed. Aa a result, labor
Productivity increased rapidly.
On his request, associates of the Kuybyshev Industrial Iasti':ute measured
the thrust and torque of a high-speed drill 16 millimeters in diameters at
different feeds and speeds. Aa can be seen from Table 1, the thrust decreased
about three times on drills with a grooved web as compared with and ordinary xeb.
This makes it possible to increase the drilling speed to machine cast iron of
increased hardness, and to conduct drilling operations oa less powerful machines.
In addition to drills, Zhirov also uses counterborea with hard-alloy tips.
The introduction of high-speed drilling has shortened machining time rapidly,
The output oY gearbox housings has increased from 12 to 14 housings per shift,
50X1-HUM.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
.4SI4'P~2 LONG WARD-ALLOY DRILLS -- 3foacow, Moskovskaya PraJda, y Aug q2
F:gh-apeefl methods of metalworking are usFd extensively at the Moscow
1Crasnyy Proletariy Plant imeni A. T, Yefremov,
Drilling-machine operators utilize their machine tools at fuel ~:ower and
at maximum speeds, up to 2,0!~ revolutions pe, minute. The greatest effect is
obtained not only as a result of high speeds, but by prope~? c.?ganization of the
working area, and by decreasing the time required for auxiliary operations with
the .use of different quick-acting chuc::s end high-duty ettachments,.etc. Drills,
counterbores,and reamers with hard-alloy tips are used throughout the plant. .
uCili ingvhightslpeedsnand hard alloy toolaris+far fromrexphausted.~i High-a ed-
tools have to be used in some operations because the hard-alloy combine [l~Oecow
Harz-Alloy Combin] has not yet set up production for a wide variety of tips for
drills, counterbores, and reamers.
For the most part, tool makers at the plant manufacture special tools.
Normal drills with hard-alloy tips moat be obtained from tool enterprises, is
particular, from the Moscow Frazer Plant, However, the Frazer Plant manufactures
only short drills:rhich are unsuitable for work with digs and bushings.
In March 1952, plant leaders turned to Rybkin, chief of technical control of
the Ministry of Machine Tool Building, with the request that long hard-alloy drills
be manufactured at the Frazer Plant, Incidentu~i,~, this problem interests dozens
of different enterprises.
Rybkin g,omptly ~^at a letter to Nadeinskiy, director of the A11-Union
Scientific Research Too'1 Institute, in which h~~ asked questions on how to solve the
problem of designing and manufacturing long 3rilla with hard-alloy tips. As yet,
no reply has been received from Nadeinskiy.
Hard-alloy drills have not yet been used for dr.i111ng steel. Only cast iron
has been drilled at high speeeis. Scientific research institutes sad laboratories
should help to solve this Froblem.
50X1-HUM'
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
 ~ Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
ORGANIZE SROP FOR BSGH-SPEED WORK -- Moscow, Morskoy F1ot,,Msr 52
{iZ'omVestnik :`.ashinosti?oyeniya, Sep 51 i
A shop for high-speed machining has been organized at the Leningrad
Machine Tool Building plant imeni Sverdlov. An interesting fact is that the
bnsic contingent of workers at the shop consists of youths 16-19 years old who
have completed trade schools.
The problems of organizing the shop were solved by reducing not only
machining time but auxiliary time, which comprised up to 25-30 percent of the
whole work day.
Special attention was given to modernizing the equipr,~nt by increasing the
spindle speed, Lire power of the machine, and the rigidity oY its units. The
control and equipment of the .chine were changed to shorten the auxili?.ry time.
A modernization work plan was worked out for each machine tool.
In replacing pulleys, provisions we*e made far the installation of V-belts,
which would. assure a higher coefficient of efficiency. In addition to increasing
the power of electric motors in milling machines, the worm pairs for table travel
were reinforced.
To simplify and regulate tool econoap~, the number of types of cutters was
decreased. The total number of type-sizes of cutters was reduced from 340 to 45.
Tlrrough and undercutting cutters with mechanical fastening of blades were designed
and manufactured.
These cutters assure chip breakage under any cutting conditions used at the
shop, The hsrd-alloy blaaes are cut identically on four eider. When une edge
becomes dull it is only necessary to change the position of the blade. Such '
changing can be done three times.
Protective rcreens were installed cn the lathes. Tool sharpening was
centralized.
The following measures were taken to decrease auxiliary time;
1. Dials for Longitud?nal movement were manufactured and i.natalled on the Peed
shaft. Using the dial in machining a group of gradua*,ed parts cuts in half the
auxiliary time for installing and checking them.
2. On,the top slide on the side opposite ttie basic tool holder, additional
tool holders were installed which held cutoff (or grooving) cutters;
3? Instead of ordinary tool heads, swivel heads which can be fixeu in 12
different positions were installed. This permitted the turning of tapered.
surfaces.
Simultaneously with the introduction of high-speed operating conditions,
the technology for machining ? number of parts was reviewed. For example, milling
plsne surfaces instead of planing saved a great deal of time.
A new system for. organizing anA. planning production was developed and
introduced. This includes: (1) a routine system for passing parts; (2; a simplified
system of calculating cork and workers' wages; and (3) a 24-hour schedule for
delivering parts for assembly, etc.
7.'he measures taken have shortened machining time 55 percent; time required for
auxiliary operations, 36 percent; and preparations and finishing time, 55 perrer~t.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371-7
H36h-Speed-Steel Dri7.1 15 mm in Diameter
for Machining Cast Iron
a,b-Groove up to 3 mm wide aad 2 mm deep
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/10/25 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700100371