SOVIET MOSLEM POLITICAL REFUGEES ATTACK COMMUNISTS, PRESENT CASES FOR TURKESTAN, CRIMEA, CHECHENS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130081-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 81
• Publication Date: August 25, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130081-6
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY USSR; Red Ch:ia
SUBJECT Political5 Sociological
HOW
PUBLISHED Bimonthly Periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Cairu
DATE
PUBLISHED Feb, Apr 1953
LANGUAGE Arabic
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CD NO.
DATE OF
DATE DIS'I. 2.Ji(ug 1953
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
SOURCE Sawt at-Turkistan.
SOVIET MOSLEM POLITICAL REFUGEES ATTACK COMMUNISTS
PRESENT CASES FOR TURKESTAN, CRIMEA CHECHENS
fcomment: The bimonthly Arabic-language periodical, Sawt at-
Turkictan (The Voice of Turkestan), first appeared in Cairo in
February 1953. It is published by Ibrahim Vasil (Nasili) and Sa'd
ad-Din al-Walili, both or whom are Moolems from Turkestan. Articles
in the February and April 1953 issues, received in FDD, were written
mostly by Turkestani Moslem refugees in the Middle East. Excerpts
from four such articles, denouncing Communist treatment of Turkestan,
Crimea, and the Chechen people, are given below
"THE CASE FOR TURKESTAN"
arts I and II appeared in the February and April issues and
were written by Ibrahim Wasil, publisher and general manager of Saut
at-Turkistan./
As the people of Turkestan were awakening and looking to the future with
great hopes and anticipation, "the Russians set their filthy feet on the pure
and beloved soil of Turkestan, sinking their claws into the necks of its ear-
nest and peace-loving people." They butchered, interfered with every human
activity, put a stop to commercial, economic, and agricultural life in a very
brutal manner. They even captured and shipped away the females of all live-
stock to stop livestock reproduction. They put an end to spiritual and reli-
gious life in order to open the way for their new and evil doctrine -- Commu-
nism.
This vast country, Turkestan, enjoyed complete independence and freedom
throughout its history. Its political unity remained unchanged until the lat-
ter prrt of the 19th Century, when a part of it fell to Tsarist Russia and the
other part to China.
CLASSIFICATION
STATE NAVY eses
ARMY
AIR LKI rB:
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Western Turkestan, which fell to Russia, has an area of 4,106,000 square
kilometers and a population of 27 million. It is now divided into six soviet.re-
publics: (1) Uzbek SSR; (2) Turkmen SSE; (3)_ Tadzhik SSR; (4) Kazakh SSR; (5)
Kirgiz SSR; and (6) Kara-Kalpakskaya ASSR ithin the Uzbek SS].
That part usurped by China is known as Eastern Turkestan of Sinkiang. It
has an area cf 1,760,000 square kilometers and a population of 8 million. It
is now under a Sino-Soviet Communist condominium. Rich and strategic Sinkiang
dontalne 24 oil wells and the following number of mines: 25-gole; ...o-silver,
146-iron ore, 2=uranium, 32-lead, 70-coal, 13-sulfur, 2-aluminum, 2-mercury,
.and.63-sodium.
No people in the world have as many of the prerequisites for national unity
as do the people of Turkestan. They belong to the same ethnic group, speak the
same language (Turhi), profess the same religion (Islam), adhere to the same sect
(Hanafi), have the same aspirations for freedom and independence, and recognize
one common enemy -- Communism.
When the Russian Communists occupied Turkestan in 1918, they discovered that
the Moslem rc;.igion was the deadly foe of Communism, and decided to eradicate Is-
lam from the hearts of the people of Turkestan by killing Moslem scholars and
closing Moslem schools and mosques in order to create a new generation which re-
Jects God and believes only in destructive Communism.
Methods employed to exterminate the people of Turkestan included tarvation,
executions, imprisonment, and slave labor. Since 1920, the farmers of Turkestan
have been forbidden to raise anything but cotton so as to make the USSR self-
sufficient in this commodity. This farming policy resulted in a decrease in food
supplies, and caused a frightening famine which swept Turkestan in 1939. The
death toll or that famine was 6 million of Turkestan's Moslems. From 1932 to
1934, the Communists arrested 300,000 merchants and landowners on the pretext
of being capitalists, and sent them to Siberian concentration camps where death
awaited them.
Since its usurpation by China in 1885, :3aste-n Turkestan has revolted 16
times and triumphed over the Chinese eight times. After each revolt China con-
ducted a reign of terror intended to wipe out the Moslems of Eastern Turkestan.
Chinese government records at Peiping show that 1,100,000 Moslems were massacred,
and about 22,000 scattered about the interior of China.
In addition, China forbade the Moslems of Eastern Turkestan to build mod-
ern schools, and to publish newspapers and magazines. tt imposed heavy taxes on
the population, and ruled the country under martial law. Sun Yat-sea's plan to
sasimilate the Moslems of Eastern Turkestan into the Chinese population failed
and caused the 1931 revolt which succeeded in establishing a Moslem republic under
Hazi Khawjah Niaz.
Closely observing events in Eastern Turkestan and acting behind the scenes,
the USSR offered its assistance to General Shen SLih-tsai, the Chinese commander,
to put down the 1931 revert for fear that it might spread to Western Turkestan.
Thus, after a savage battle, the revolt waa crushed in 1934, and Eastern Turke-
stan fell completely under the influence of the USSR.
The first step taken by the Communists, in 1934, was a violent campaign of
imprisonment, oppression, and wholesale killings unparalleled in history for its
STAT
CTOT
STAT
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"THE CASE FOR CRIMEA"
part I appeared in the February issue, and was written by Yusuf
Uralkiri. Part II did not appear in-the April issue
While the Palestinian, North African, and other Moslem questions of inter-
national magnitude have their supporters and spokesmen, and while there is hope
for the eventual settlement of these questions, the same cannot be said of
Moslem questions in the USSR, where there is tight control on information to the
outside world and where every item of news is carefully sifted and scrutinized
by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs USSR.
The Intellectuals of the Islamic East are puzzled by the propaganda and
accusation leveled by East and West against each other. These intellectuals
should understand,, nevertheless, that both camps are in a straggle to split
the Moslem world?which is a bloc belonging to neither East nor West, for
their own selfish designs.
While there are countries dominated by Western imperialism, there also are
countries suffering just as badly under the yoke of Communist domination.
Crimea was liberated for the last time in 1941 wring the Nazi invasio 7.
it had previously been liberated in 1917, under the leadership of Ja'far Bin-
Ahmad. At that time, a constitution was drawn up and a President, Nu'man Chalbi
Jahan approximation from Arabi, Grand Mufti of Crimea, was elected. This
happened after Crimean participation in the October Revolution of 1917 to get
rid of the long-detested rule of Tsarist Russia, aid its atrocities and crimes
against the )oslems of Crimea who oat struggled constantly against the tyrants
of Moscow.
When Crimea declared its independence in 1917, Lenin and Stalin issued a
signed proclamation asking the Moslems for material and moral support, denouncing
Tsarist tyranny which had prevailed in Crimea, and supporting Moslem demands for
absolute freedom and independence.
No sooner had Lenin and his henchmen seized power and consolidated their
position than a Communist army invaded Crir,ea and, after a bitter battle, sub-
j
ugated the country. They seized the President and killed him on
23
hisFebruary and nose, by the back,
iutt, the gouging
tying cutting
sea after eyes,
it to a off big
rock to prevent it from floating to the surface. They made sure that his body
would not be recovered and buried on Crimean soil where his grave might become
a shrine and a rallying point for vengeance-seeking future gecerations.
Crimean guerrilla activities were revived when the Germans edvanced toward
Crimea is 1918, and the Russians were driven out of every town and village. On
25 June 1918, the Crimean republic was proclaimed once m,re under the presidency
of Sulayman ?asha Solikovitch fapproximation from ArabiJ , commander of the Moe-
lee army on the Rumanian front.
"THE CASE FOR THE CE HEN NATION"
/ppeared in the February issue over the signature of a Chechen
struggle]
In Central Caucasia there is a Moslem people, the Chechens, whose number
does not exceed one million. They are of Aryan stock, and have their own lan-
guage, customs, and traditions. Despite their small number, these ancient Cau-
casian people have lived there for thousands of years. They have never moved
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about; thus history does not mention them very much. These people, however, are
tough, proud, warlike, and very adventurous. Their physical characteristics are
closest to those of the Germanic peoples.
Their territory lies roughly between the Black and Caspian seas
It is bor-
.
dered on the north by the mainland of the USSR, and on the south by the Georgian
fuse to'acknovledge the superiority of an :near. The individual Chechen has a
life-?ong desire to liberate his country frum the usurper. From the early 19th
Century the Chechems fought constantly against the Russians until the fall of
the Tsarist regime.
when the Germans closed in on the Caucasus in World War II. At that timer the
Chechens were surrounded by the Communists, but stubbornly rejected orders to
surrender. They killed thousands of Communists. Besides the young people killed
in battle, old people, women, and children were forced to flee into the deserts
of Turkestan. Those who chose to remain behind and carry on the fight against
the Communists were exiled to Siberia.
The Chechens today despise the foreigners who move about like thieves, and
abhor the language, customs, and traditi.:is which are totally unfamiliar to the
Chechen people.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130081-6