CONGRESS OF HUNGARIAN SCENTIFIC SOCIETIES, JUNE 1952

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130094-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 23, 2011
• Sequence Number: 94
• Publication Date: August 28, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130094-2
CLASSIFICATION ' __6 r O C
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY !ll3,e1954REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY Hungary
SUBJECT Economic - Power, solid fuels
Sociological - Organization of science
HOW Biographic
PUBLISHED Monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Budapest
DATE
PUBLISHED Jul - Aug 1952
LANGUAGE
rrf3~~i~ i
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
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Magyar Technika, Vol VII, No 7-8, 1952.
ff-omment: The following contains a summary of an address to the
congress by Gyorgy Osztrovszki, the resolution adopted by the congress,
and a list of awards and member societies
Address by Gyorgy Osztrovszki
The MTESZ (Muszaki es Termeszettudomanyi Egyesuletek Szovetsege, Associ-
ation of Technical and Scientific Societies) held its third congress 21 - 22 June
1952. The congress was attended by several cabinet ministers and approximately
1,000 members of the societies represented. The main speaker was Gyorgy
Osztrovszki, whose address is summarized as follows:
Since the second congress of the MPESZ, held 2 years ago, the member
societies have been active in helping Hungary's economic development. In the
field of material conservation, the Ball Bearing Bronze Committee, established
within the National Mining and Metallurgical Society, has been particularly
successful and its work has resulted in savings totaling 20 million forints.
Other member societies have performed useful work in the conservation of wood,
steel, cement, and motor and railroad fuels.
On the other hand, little progress has been made in the development of
natural resources. It is particularly regrettable that the Geological Society
and the Society of Hungarian Chemists have failed to produce any results what-
ever and that their members participated only sporadically in the work of
other societtes.
Hungary's economic future depends to a large extent on the development of
the country's resources for power production. In this flcld the Society for
Power Production and Distribution and the Hydrological Society have achieved
outstanding results. The Society for Power Produc ion and Distribution has
given valuable help in solving the problem of heating Budapest, in the drying
technology employed by the textile industry, in the heat technology of the
- I - GO ,.~1, 0EH-117a SAL
STATE NAY?
ARMY )C AIR
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paper manufacturing industry, etc. The Hydrological Society has been actively
engaged in problems concerning the utilization of the water power of the Danube
and Tisza rivers.
A general fault of the specialists and committees doing research work in
water power has been the neglect of irrigaton, canalization, and water trans-
port. As a result, for a long time it was doubtful whether the building of
water power works would be profitable. However, recent investigations, and the
experience gained in is constru,tion of the Tiszalok and Soviet water-power
works have clearly shown that water-power projects would be highly useful in
supplementing domestic coal production and providing irrigation to the Great
Plain.
Anocher fault was the view that prime-quality coal should be economized
and the mining and use of lignite of low calorie content should be developed.
Had this been followed in practice, Hungarian coal mining wou)i soon have been
brought into a very difficuit position. Last year, the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences re-examined the question and decided that it would be best to design
the new power works to fire good-quality coal waste, or part coal and part
slate, instead of lignite. The new mines in the Tata-Doreg-Egeresehi basin
will, therefore, be designed to exploit good-quality coal deposits.
Aside from raising the output volume of the machine-manufacturing in-
dustry, largely as a result of the efforts of the Scientific Society for the
Machine Manufacturing Industry, technological progress in this field has been
unsatisfactory. Currently, Hungarian machine manufacture is running the danger
of falling qualitatively below the products of foreign competitors. Hungarian
machine tools are expensive and conservative in design ana Hungary still lacks
a ball-bearing industry. Hungary is also losing ground in communications and
vaL2um-tube technology, responsibility for which rests largely on the Scientific
Sociel.r for Communications Technology.
Thr mechanization of labor and electrification axe other fields in which
progress has been disappointing, largely because an over-all program is lacking.
The mechanization of agriculture, for example, hinges on two machines: the
plowing tractor and the harvester combine. Also, Hungarian engineers are
generally unfamiliar with modern tooling and with automatic installations,
especially in open-hearth furnaces, rolling mills, and railroad traffic.
On the other hand, good work has been performed in the dissemination of
modern technology by the Society of Optics and Kinotechnics, which laid the
groundwork for the manufacture of plastic film and sensitized emulsions; by
the Scientific Society for the Textile Industry in organizing modern cotton
mills; by the Michurin Society for Agricultural Science in fertilizing methocs;
and by the National Forestry Society in afforestation work.
In general, the member societies have neglected to pay attention to the
improvement of quality in production. On the ther hand. it is gratifying to
note that the work of member societies in introducing modern techniques has
been based on Soviet experiences and the support of the Stakhanovite and in-
novation movements.
In this connection it may be noted that the main obstacle to the intro-
duction of innovations is the antagonistic attitude of managements and tech-
uical personnel. In addition, the training of technical cadres is also neg-
lected, thus retarding, for example, the employment Df coal-mining combines
and the Kota blasting method. For these reasons, the sub-
stantial advance in technical education, especially in engineering, during the
last year is highly gratifying.
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fl
z~FIDENTI
it is undeniable that research in plant-organization methods declined last
year. The member societies agpumed that they were not required to continue
their work in this field, , in 'vibw_'of the creation of the Scientific Society for
Plant organization. However; this assumption is erroneous and the member socie-
ties wil. do well to dpVelop modern methods in the cyclic work system. planned
production; even flawot.produbtion, etc. Similar problems in agriculture are:
labor organization onlargc fatpm,'>proper location of farm buildings, fodder
crop rotation, etc.
The high level of.Hungarian.?technical literature is indicated by the fact
that 28 technical periodicals are being published by the member societies.
However, most periodicals fail to engage in the ideological struggle. One of
the few exceptions in this respect is the Magyar Kemikusok Lapja (Journal of
Hungarian Chemists). *As regards the introduction of Soviet experiences, it
may be stated that never before have so many Hungarian specialists studied
abroad as at present.
The relationship between the member societies and government authorities
is relatively satisfactory. On the other hand, cooperation between the socie-
ties and the plants is pc,r. To improve cooperation, the introduction of
socialist contracts is recommended. Such contracts have already been con-
cluded between the Scientific Society for the Building Materials Industry on
the one hand and the labetlani oementgyar (labatlan Cement Factory) and the
Salgotarjani Uvegarugyar (Salgotur?3an Glassware Factory) on the other.
Resolutions
The congress adopted the following resolutions:
1. The 25 member societies of the MTESZ will place their work in the
service of the Five-Year Plan.-
2. The member societies will devote their work to the following princi-
pal fields:
a. Basic materials, quality, costs: (1) research leading toward
broadening the production of basic materials, particularly in the fields of
coal mining, ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, and the building industry;
(2) conservation of materials, especially in imported products; and (3) im-
provement of quality and modernization of industrial products and technolog-
ical discipline.
b. Soviet science and technology; dissemination and introduction of
Soviet scientific methods.
c. New techniques: broa3 dissemination of new industrial, mining,
and agricultural techniques.
d. Planned production: (1) introduction of the iispatchei service
(see 0O-W-23175); (2) production according to charts; (3) preventive mainte-
nance; (4) better cooperation between plants; and (5) higher level of manage-
ment.
e. Stakhanovite movement: (1) study and dissemination of Stakhanovite
experiences by the Kovalev system, and (2) conclusion of socialist contracts
between scientists and workers.
f. Cadre training: (1) advanced study b, members; (2).support ex-
tended to the Mernoki Tovabbkepzo Intezet (Institute for Advanced Engineering
Training); and (3) correspondence. and night courses for enjtneers.
ur, !1I
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3. The MTESZ pledgeo to remedy its past shortcoming in the guidance of
scientific work. To realize this object, it undertaken the following tasks:
(1) to include younger people in its membership; (2) to check the implementa-
tion of its resolutions; (3) to create a nonindustrial organization for the
purr,)se of conducting ideological debates; (4) to tighten cooperation between
the NTESZ and local groups throughout the country; (5) to arrange technical
conferences and cooperation between member societies on the problems of the
Five-Year Plan; and (6) to organize groups in all large-scale plants for solving
local technical problems and giving aid to the managements and to the Stakhano-
vite and innovation movements.
Awards, Lis*. of Member Societies
A memorial plaque (emlekiap) in recognition of successful sociological
work erformed in technical and scientific societies was awarded to the follow-
ing note that the award was made for sociological rather than scientific wor):
Akarat, Endre (Magyar Elektrotechniksi F;yesulet, Hungarian Electrotechniccl
Society)
Balla, Imre (Magyar Elektrotechnikai Egyesulet)
Barcza, Laszlo (Hiradastechnikai Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for
Telecommunication Technology)
Bence, Mrs Gyorgy (MEESZ)
Benedek, Attila (Orszagus Erdeszeti Egyesulet, National Forestry Society)
Bohm, Nandor (Gepipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for the Machine
Industry)
Daniel, Mrs Lajos (Orszagos Banyaazati eo Kohaszati Egyesulet, National Mining
and Metallurgical Society)
Edinger, Karoly (Magyar Elektrotechnikai Egyesulet)
Felkai, istvan (Uzemi Tervghzdaaagi. es Szervezesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scien-
tific Society for plant Planned Economy and Organization)
Ferenczi, Gyorgy (Gepipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Fekete, Bela (Micsurin Agrartudomanyi Egyesulet, Michurin Scientific Society
for Agriculture)
Fischer, Inwe (Textilipari Muszaki Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Technical Scientific
Society for the Textile Industry)
Fodor, Gyorgy (Uzemi Tervgazdasagi es Szervezesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Frank, Laszlo (Gepipari Tud.omanyos Egyesulet)
Frank, Tibor (Textilipari Muszaki Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Garadnai, Antal (Gepipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Garai, Laszlo (Hiradastechnikai. Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Gardos, Erno (Magyar Kemikusok Egyesulete, Society of Hungarian Chemists)
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Gerendas, Istvan (Magasepitesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for
Building Construction)
Hilvert, Elek (Kozlekedes as Mel;'epitestudomanyi Egyesulet, Scientific Society
for Transportation and Subsurface Construction)
Horvath, Gyula (Merestechnikai es Automatizalasi Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scien
tific Society for Metronomy and Mechanization)
Hodi, Endre (Bolyai Janos Matematikai Tarsasag, Bolyai Janos Mathematical
Society)
Izsak, Miklos (Hiradastecb 'xai Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Kadar, Miklos (Optikai es Kinotechnikai Tudomanyoa Egyesulet, Scientific Society
for Optics and Kinotechnics)
Kenese, Istvan (Boripari Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for the Leather
Industry)
Knizsek, Ferenc (Uzemi Tervgazdasagi es Szervezesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Korany , Gyorgy (Epitoanyagipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for
the Building Materials Industry)
Kulin, Istvan (Magyar Meteorologiai Tarsulat, Hungarian Meteorological. Society)
Lanczi, Laszlo (Gepipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Lengyel, Sandor (liagyar Kemikusok Egyesulete)
Libik, G;rorgy (Magyar Kemikusok Egyesulete)
Lorand, Ivan (Dc'ipari Tudomanyos Fgyesulet)
Lorand, Sara (Magyar Elektrotechnikai Egyesulet)
Lorincz, Imre (Energiagazdalkodasi Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society
for Power Production and Distribution)
Martos; Fereenc (Orazagos Banyaszati as Kohaszati Egyesulet)
Mate, Gyorgy (Magyar Technika, Hungarian Technic rmonthly periodicag)
Maucha, Rezso (Magyar Hidrologiai Tarsasag, Hungarian Hydrological Society)
Meszaros, Janos (ozemi Tervgazdasagi es Szervezesi ?Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Mi.ncsev, Mrs Mihaly (Magyar Kemikusok Egyesulete)
Mokry, Flora (MLTSZ)
Mosonyi, Emil'(Magyar Hidrologiai Tarsasag)
Morvay, Sandor (Paper es Hyomdaipari Muszaki Egyesulet, Technical Society for
the Paper and Printing Industries)
I:agradi, Iaszlo (Kozlekedes.es Melyepitestudomanyi Egyesulet)
Rados, Kornel (Magasepitesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
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NUENTIAL
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CONFIDENTIAL 50X1-HUM
Roka, Pal (Faipaxi Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for the Wood Industry)
Sattler, Tame (Magyar Kemikusok Egyesulete)
Sebestyen, Endre (Textilipari Muszaki Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Sebok, Laszlo (Gepipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Somos, Gyula (Mezogazdasagi Ipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet, Scientific Society for
the Agricultural Industry)
Rakosi Istvan (Energiagazdalkodasi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Renyi Alfred (Bolyai Janos Mate-natikai Tarsulat)
Striker, Gyorgv (Merestechnikai es Automatizalasi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Szabo, Denes (Faipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Szadeczky Kardoss, Elemer (Magyar Foldtani Tarsulat, Hungarian Geological
Society)
Szanto, Tibor (Papir es Nyomdaipari Muszaki Egyesulet)
Szelenyi, Ferenc (Micsurin Agrartudomanyi Egyesulet)
Takata, Laszlo (Magyar Technika)
Talyigas, Ferenc (Goplpari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Telegdi, Sandor (Magasepitesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Tokar, Peter (Magyar Tavirati Iroda, Hungarian Telegraph Bureau fnews agenc,il)
Torok, Gabor (Mezogazoasagi Ipari Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Ungar, Ferenc (Uzemi Tervgazdasagi es Szervezesi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
Vajda, Mrs Zoltan (Magasepitesi Tudomanyos Egycsulet)
Varga, Ferenc (Orszagos Banyaszati es Kohaszati Egyesulet)
Varga, Jeno (Kozlekedesi es Melyepitcstudomanyi Egyesulet)
Vince, Mrs Pal (MTESZ)
Zsigmond, Bela (Energiagazdalkodasi Tudomanyos Egyesulet)
fonly 24 member societies are named in the foregoing list. The 25th was
identified as the Eotvos Lorand Fizikai Tarsulat (Eotvos Lorand Physical Society)
in a separate item in the same periodical