ECONOMIC - AGRICULTURE, STATE FARMS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140175-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 175
• Publication Date: October 19, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140175-1
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECCR2 Piz INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY China
SUBJECT Economic -Agriculture, state farms
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspaper
WHERE
PUBLISHED Peiping
DATE
PUBLISHED 19 Jun 1953
LANGUAGE
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REPORT
CD NO.
DATE OF
DATE DIST. /9' Oct 1953
N0. OF PAGES 2
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
~ummary~ This report des.-ribes tY,e expansion of state farms
in Honan and Chekiang provinces and points out mis*,.P~ces made is the
expansion that .'save aroused opposition among the farmers
Cadres in certain subdivisions 1a the previnces, ch'us, and hsiens have
been so eager :o promote s?ate farms that they have engaged in blind expansion
and disputes with the people over land. This has caused farmers near state
farms to become dissatisfied and hay hindered the es*.ablishment of the close
relationship which should exist berveer, stn's farms and the farming masses,
Moreover, it has hindered crop production.
Last spring, Hsia-i Hslen State Farm in noaar, Province sent .12 cadres to
each hsiang chief with enthusiastic propaganda about mutual land exchange between
state farms and individual farmers: This land transfer involved 5 ch'us and
more than 2,000 farm families. The I.o-yang Special Administrative District State
Farm had to transfer land involving 14 hsiang, This situation led to local mass
dissatisfaction and opposition. The Nsn-yang Special Administrative District
forced farmers to exchange and and compelled mass removal of households. After
blir.3ly expanding cultivated areas, Wei-shlh Hsie~ had more than 2,000 mou of
fields without anyone to care for ?hem.
During March and April of 1953> l-vu nsien State Farm in Chekiang Province
put into s*.ate farms more than 129 mou ~f land around the hsiang and ts'un which
had been reserved at the time of the laid reform, and arranged with farmers to
take other land in return for the farmers' land in the vi:?nity of the state
farm. This land transfer involved 8 hsiang and then (market towns), 25 ts'un,
sad 195 farm families. The land for which property rights had to be shifted
totaled 320 mou of irrigated lend, and 50 mou of nonirrigated land
Farmer Sung Chao-kuei, of Mao-lien Ts'un, had more than one mou of good
fields near the town but vas ordered to exchange his good fields for pond bot-
tom land 2 li from his home Farmer Lou Tsung-yao had one field of good land
STATE
ARMY
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140175-1
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140175-1
which could yield 800 catties of rice per mow, but after the exchange he had
two fields oP poor land which could yield only 600 catties of rice. Having
suffered from the transfer and finding no relief for his problem he said, "The
only suitable thing during land reform is not to split up the land."
Farmers near the state farms who had not yet suffered from the land trans-
fer, lost interest in production and ceased applying fertilizer because of fear
of dispossession. There were people who feared land transfer so much they cut
down and carried off trees which were growing on the dykes between fields. Some
farmers were opposed to state farms, and were neither willing to enter the state
farms nor to help them.
The state farms have continued to expand their areas of cultivation, although
the increased expansion did not arise from an actual need. The state farms did
not and could not use suitably the expanded area.
This condition was the result of several important factors. Leadership
cadres of the state farms, together with their leadership units, failed to under-
stand the course that the state farms were embarking upon st that time and failed
to carry out their work conscientiously. Moreover, they disregarded the party's
and people'sdovernment policies in regard to agricultural production and rural
activities. Since they did not give thoughtful attention to actual needs in
doing a good ,job on tY.e farms and approached the situation in an unrealistic man-
ner, they followed the rule of "the bigger the better," blindly expanding the
areas under cultivation by state farms and not getting good results.
In 1952, I-vu Hsien State Farm in Chekiang had over 100 mow of irrigated
land and nearly 60 mow of nonirrigated land which is quite large for a single
farm. This farm's rice production was much lover than that of local farmers in
1952, but in 1953 they blindly expanded the farm by more than 100 mow of culti-
vated land. Because 30 percent of the rice plants were allowed to rot, produc-
tion still was not nearly as high as other local area production. Farmers sar-
castically said, "State farm experiments are good.,.at letting plants rot."
This, condition is not only very far from the original intention of the expansicn
program, but also has created a gap between the state farms and the masses which
must be corrected.
The party leadership in Honan and Chekiang provinces has begun to take no-
tice of these conditions and to correct them. The Henan Provincial Committee of
the Communist Party, during the last 10 days of April 1953. issued directives
to all the local committees to help every cadre of every ch'u and hsien farm
recognize the seriousness of the mistake of blind expansion of state farms and
to make immediate improvements in the situation.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140175-1