ECONOMIC - AGRICULTURE, COOPERATIVE VILLAGE ECONOMY

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140325-4
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
R
Document Page Count: 
2
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
August 9, 2011
Sequence Number: 
325
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
November 4, 1953
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140325-4.pdf108.33 KB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140325-4 CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTID SECURITY INFORMATION CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPOR' INFORMATION FROM FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD N0. COUNTRY China SUBJECT Economic -Agriculture, HOW PUBLISHED Daily newspaper WHERE PUBLISHED Peiping DATE PUBLISHED 11 dun 1953 LANGUAGE Chinese DATE OF INFORMATION 1952 - 1953 cooperative village economy 0I i?[ Y+IT[D [ .l[., ? xl? lx[ ?[.?I+D 01 T I.[ I D1t 110?[ 1 ?D 1+.. D x Y.t~ [DD[. .! .w [xD[D. .11 f..? .I I w ? +[vI' u no. or m co?n?n to o..aurr .1 . . lxon uo ru+o? n I+oxlune +. u.. rxuv.eeuen or DI n~T?.o. u!ta+~_o ~cn~ DATE DIST. !/A/O / 1953 NO. OF PAGES 2 SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT N0. .. THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION SNANSI FARMER COMPLAINS ABOUT FINANCIAL BURDEN IN COOPERATIVE VILLAGE ~omment: This report appeared as a "Letter to the Editor" in the Peiping Jen-min Jih-pao of 11 .June 1953? It discusses excess financial burden of peasants in a village of Shansi Province. The letter gives examples of ill-planned efforts to mechanize at all cost, including the drive to dig wells and buy water pumps, although sometimes no use is found for the wells after they are dug. The financial obligations of a model worker family leaves one third of the annual income with the individual household, while the rest of the money is spent on cooperative ventures and taxes. Kao-Chia-Chuang Ts'un of the Fifth Ch'u, 1Gu-ch'eng Rsien, Shansi Province, has 194 households. The total 1952 farm income amounted to 370,580,000 yuan. Of this amount, 39,200,000 yuan went into taxes, while the annual expenditure for well digging and the purchase of water pumps reached n high of 157,9E0,OO0 yuan, thus absorbing 41.8 percent of the farmers' income. This cunount is equivalent to the sum needed to pay the grain tax for 4 years. Investigation shows that the village funds for 1952 included 14 million yuans' worth of fertilizer, 8 million yuans' worth of wells, 1; million yuans' worth of grain seeds, 5 million yuans' worth of consLm~er cooperative shares, 1,100,000 yuans' worth of new model plows. 700,000 yuans' worth of books and newspapers, and 5,970,000 yunn for entertainment. These funds were all raised by the compulsory assessment of teams and households, and by acreage. The income of a village water conservation model worker and his family of seven amounted tc 5.2 million yuan for 152? Of this amount, 500,000 yuan went for payment of the public grain tax, and 3,233,000 yuan went for assessments as classified above, so that only 1,407,000 yusn were left from the total income. The same kind of financial burden is carried by over 100 cf the 195 households in the village. STAT STAT CLASSIFICATION NSRB ~~ - 1 - RESTRICTED DISTRIBUTION ? Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A00070014 25-4 i Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140325-4 A heavy burden was imposed on the farmers of Kao-Chia-Chuang Ta'un when the hsien people's government aimlessly decided to select this village as the "key village for the installation of water pumps, compelling the farmer to dig; a large number of wells and to buy water pumps. Ho benefit whatever was derived by the installation of water pampa. During June and July of 195?, water pumps were purchased une ai'ter another at the cost of 2,300,000 yuan each, despite the unwillingness of the people to buy them. Ma Lai-ch'eng, an official of the Hsien Agriculture and Forestry Department, told the people: "One water pump coats 2,300,000 yuan and is capable of watering 20 mou of land. Without the water pump you can't do the fob." The people were still unwilling; they held progressive mace meetings for 3 days and 9 evenings. As a result, those who were comparatively well off were apportioned to buy one water pump each. Farmer Wu San-ma only owned 5 mou of cultivated land, but was still assigned one water pump. Under the point method of purchasing, four of the poorer households were assigned the purchase of one water pump. Farmer Lul~pn-cheRO had to sell 9 mou of land to meet his assessment. Investigation shows that the ~rster pumps were not used extensively, that three water pumps were not used at all, and 57 water pumps used only once. The people got to dislike the pumps so much that they called them "black spiders" and "money grabbers." The well digging conditions were also burdensome. Hsien and ch'u cadres surveyed the people's land, a total of 4,390 mou of sandy land, and decreed that for every area of 40 x 40 pu, ~iie pu equals 5 feet] one well hole had to be dug. In same instances as many as ten wells were dug on 15 mou. The allocation for well digging was set at 20,000 yuan for each of the 114 male members of the labor force, and 10,000 yuan each for the 47 female members of the labor force. While those who dug got paid for their work, others who did not want to do the digging themselves had to pny to get it done. STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/13: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700140325-4