HIGH-SPEED METHODS IN USSR MACHINE BUILDING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700150040-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2011
• Sequence Number: 40
• Publication Date: November 16, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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FDD
CLASSIFICATION~poO~NFyIDI~EgN~TpIMAAL Ff,`
CENTRALS~TELLIGENCE AGENCY ~Dpy REPORT
INFORMATION FROM --?- _
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
DATE OF
lNFORMATION 1948 - 1953
Economic; Technological - Machine tools, high-speed
methods, cercmic tools,
abrasives DATE DIST. ~~ N..v 1953
Daily newspapers
USSR
22 May - 18 Jun 1953
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT N0.
MACffiNE BUILDERS' MEETING ON ~iIGH-SPEID CUTTING lg.THODS -- Tbilisi, Zarya
Vostoka, 22 May 53
Kostousov, Deputy Minister of Machine Building, speaking at a meeting of
Stakhanovites of the metal-wcrking industry on 19 May, commented on the further
increase of cutting speeds and on an increase both in the number oP metal-cut-
ting machine tools to be converted to high-speed methods and in the number of
innovators.
Mentioned at the meeting was the part the Scientific Research Institute
of Abrasives and Grinding has played in producing grinding wheels which are
twice as productive as those produced formerly. As a result of redesigning
metal cutting machine tools, the power of the machine tools has increased
50-150 percent in the past few years and their speed has increased 100-250
percent.
A lathe operator Prom the Borers Plant told about using the vortical
threading method, which increased the cutting speed from 18 meters per
minute to 280. Consequently, labor productivity was increased tenfold.
A planing machine operator described his method of high-speed planing.
He can now machine a part 10-15 times as fast as formerly and save up to
10,000 working hours per year.
Zn another instance the introduction of a special chuck made it possible
to complete 2-2.5 norms.
Blinov, chairman of the Central Committee of the trade uniou of machine
building workers, spoke on the x?ole of Stakhanovite schools in disseminating
high-speed cutting methods. Prokhorov, secretary of the Moscow Obkom of
the CPSU, made the conr_luding remarks.
STATE
ARMY
~~Fal I I DI~
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coNFIDENTLAL
HIGft-SPEED METgODS INCREASE LABOR PRODUCTIVITY -- Petrozavodsk, Leninskoye
Znamya, 4 Jun 53
Labor productivity as a whole at a number of plants has increased 8-12
percent as a result of using high-speed cutting methods.
At present, there are more than 4O,GGG high-speed workers at plants oY
tt~~ Ministry of Machine Building USSR, and 35,000 machine tools at the plants
have been converted to high-speed cutting. The level of high-speed cutting
on lathes and turret lathes has increased in the past 2-3 years three or four
times and on semi-automatic lathes and milling machines two or three times.
The use of hard-alloy tools has contributed considerably to the increase
of rutting speeds. In 1950, hard-alloy tools comprised 20.8 percent of the
total output of cutting tools, as compared with 5.9 percent in 1948. Accord-
ing to the 1953 plan, the output of hard-alloy tools at plants of the tool
industry will exceed the 1950 level by G8 percent.
At present, more than 500 type-sizes of standardized and nr~,+,~lized hard-
alloy tools are being produced in large series and mass product[on. In addi-
tion to this, hundreds of type sizes of various complex and spe:ial hard-alloy
tools are being manufactured in individual and small-series production.
Righ--speed grinding should be accomplished on as wide a scale as possible.
The abrasives industry has been manufacturing wheels for high-speed grinding
since 1951? In 1952 alone it put out approximately 800,000 wheels. The abra-
sives industry is in a position to satisfy completely the needs of the nat~.onal
economy for this type of product. Labor productivity in converting to high-
spee3 grinding has been increasing, es a rule, by 50-i.00 percent. -- p. Kost~u-
sov, Deputy Minister of Machine Building USSR
DEVELOP TOOL READ FOR VORTICAL THP,EADING -- Moscow, Trud, 3 Jun 53
A nex tool head for vortical threading of large parts has been devel-
oped at the plant laboratory of the Novo-Kramatorsk Machine Building Plant'
imeni Stalin. Whereas formerly it took 40 hours to thread a 3-mete^ screw,
only 4 hours are now requires for this operation.
USE CERAMIC CUTTERS AT HOIST AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT PLANT __ Minsk, Sovet-
skaya Belorussiya, 27 May 53
New ceramic cutting tools were tested on 25 May at the Leningrad Hoist
and Transport Equipment Plant imeni S. M. Kirov. With the use oP these cut-
ters, V. P. Gusev, a high-speed lathe operator, machined a huge shaft for a
crane in one third the time previously required. The finish was exemplary
and the grinding operation was obviated.
The ceramic cutting tools designed by Ya. P. Karagodin and N. N. Yaskov
are being widely introduced at the enterprise. A machine tool for grinding
the tools, as well as an original atta~hmert for protecting the operator
from chips has been developer.
At present, nearly half of the machine tool operators at the plant are
using the new tools. As n result, the production cycle for machining ~rsne
parts has been cut in half,
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INTRODUCE NEW METHOD OF' PLANING WITH WIDE ^OOLS -- Kiev, Pravda Ukraiay,
3o May 53
Feraonnel bt the technological lauorstory of the Moscov Machine Tool
Building Plant imeni Ordzhonikidze havs developed and introduced a new method
of -aning witH wide cutting tools. 'ibis meths.. has made .it passible to
shorten the tLae In finishing operations 10-~5 times. .The machining accuracy
is within .02-.03 millimeter.
NEW ATTACHMENT FOR HIGH-SPEID PLANING WITH INCREASID FEEDS -- Tashkent, Pravda
Voetoka, 13 Jun 53
Until recently, high-speed planing with incressed feeds had not been
possible. I. Gusev and A'. Kasheyeva of the Kuybyshev Srednevolzhskiy Machine
Tool Plant have bees working on this problem since 1951? They finally designed
an original attachment vhich consists of a rotet;ag tool holder fastened securely
to the tool slide, and Pour two-sided cutting tools with hard-alloy blades..
Feed of the tool is accomplished by rotating the attachment. Each tool is
indexed the same distance. The tools can plane in either direction, which is
particularly important in planing internal contours.
The four-tool kiolder gives a total feed of 5 millimeters per double
stro:ce. The depth of planing is 12-20 mil~imeters. The new cutting tool is
nearly nine times as light as the old type. Ia addition, it operates well
at maximum speeds with increased feeds.
The new holder is un'versal, It can be used to machine hors%ontal sur-
faces or shoulders, and in finishing operations,
The application of the new attachment has made it possible to increase
the cutting speed from 15 meters per minute to 24 and to increase the Peed
per double stroke fourfold.
DECREASE HANDLING TIME -?? Moscow, Vechernyaya Moskva, 13 Jun 53
The Presidium of the Central Committee of tt.e trade union of workers of
the electric power station and electrical industry reviewed the new method
of high-speed cutting proposed by V. Komarov of the Moscow Plant imehi
Vladimir I1'ich.
Komarov, in turning shafts of electric motors, was able to fulfill his
norm 600-700 percent, Like Kolesov, Kosarov changed the shape of his cut-
ting tool, increased the feed, and brought the spindle speed up to 475 rpm,
In turning the ,journals of the shaft,. Komarov increased the depth of cut
from 5 to 12 millimeters.
Striving to increased labor productivity by decreasing handl!ng time,
Komarov uses a pneumatic lifting device which withdraws into the bed .during
machine operation- He also uses a fixture which makes it uanessary to fasten
the workpiece. Formerly, i, took Komarov AO minutes to turn a shaft; nox it
takes him only 11 minutes..
EhlIJI.ATE KOLESOV'S METHOD ?-'Moscow, Moakovskaya Pravda, 18 Jun 53
Schools have been created at the Podal'sk Machinery Plant imeni Kalinin
for training lathe operators in Kolesov?s method of power cutting. Kalshinikov,
a lathe operator at the plant, machines a shaft 70 millimeters in diameter
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and Epp millimeters long on a DIP-200 lathe in his demonstrations. The. spindle
makes 1,000 rpm. The Peed is 1.5 millimeters and depth of cut, 4 millimeters.
Tne abaft is machined four times as quickly as formerly.
Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 25 Jun 53
Stakha+novitea at the Kishinev Machinery Plant imeni G. I. Kotovekiy
are successfully mastering the method oP poxer cutting.
Experiments were conducted on a DIP-200 lathe with the use of cutting
tools designed by Kolesov. A bar 400 millimeters long and 30 millimeters in
diameter xas machined at a spindle speed of FAO rpm, p Peed of 2 millimeters
per spindle revolution vas used, which increased the productivity oP the ma-
chine tool ten times as compared xith the conventional method.
In another experiment, a shaft 1.5 meters long and 75 millimeters in
diameter vas machined at a spindle speed of 200 rpm, a Peed of 3.5 milli-
meters per spindle revolution, and a depth of cut of 3 millimeters.