PERFORMANCE OF USSR ELECTRIC POWER STATIONS IN 1953

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700170183-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2011
• Sequence Number: 183
• Publication Date: April 5, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

II
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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Economic - Electric power
HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly periodicals, daily
WHERE
PUBLISHED Moscow, Tallin
DATE
PUBLISHED Jan 1953-31 Jan 1954
LAN;UAGE Russian
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uno, or . co.n... .o ....cur... ., ..,a. ........ i.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1952-1954
DATE DIST. 5 , PR 1954
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
PERFORMANCE OF USSR ELECTRIC PCFIEP STATIONS IN 1953
[Numbers in parentheses refer to appended sources.]
ELECTRIC POI+IER OUTPUT
The Ministry of Electric Power Stations and Electrical Industry USSR com-
pleted the 1953 Plan for electric power output on 26 December 1953?(l) In the
first half 1953, the electric power stations of this ministry were fulfilling
the state plan for electric power output 101.9 percent.(2) Electric power out-
put in 1953 was 113 percent of the 1952 output.(3) In 1952, 117 billion kilo-
watt-hours of electric power were produced in the USSR.(4) Planned 1953 out-
put of electric power in the USSR was 133 billion kilowatt-hours.(2)
CAPITAL INVESTMENT
Compared with 1952, capital investment in electric power stations increased
in 1953. However, the plan for capital investment and growth of industrial ca-
pacity for the national economy as a whole was not fulfilled in 1953 and the
amount of underfulfillment by the Ministry of Electric Power Stations and Elec-
trical Industry USSR, among others, was quite large.(3)
COST OF PRODUCTION
Directives of the 19th Party Congress provide that costs in industrial pro-
duction in 1951-1955 be reduced 25 percent. Savings obtained by lowering the
cost of production are to be applied to construction of new factor:;.: ^.nd plants
and to lowering wholesale and retail prices. At the Fifth Session of the Supreme
Soviet USSR, G. M. Malenkov pointed out the necessity for reducing costs by re-
ducing expenditures for raw materials, fuel, and wages per unit of output.
STATE
ARMY
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In 1946-1953, the Ministry of Electric Power Stations and Electrical
Industry USSR has reduced the average cost of one kilowatt-hour by approxi-
mately one third. In 1953 alone, there was a saving of about 300 million
r
ubles over planned reduction in the cost of electric power and heat. This
saving
hundredswas
of standard fuel and output tens power,
of e millions conserving kilo-
watt-hours of electric power in excess of the plan, and by reducing personnel.
Despite the leading enterpri:._s which exceed the plan for reducing the
cost of power, many electric power stations and power systems are not fulfill-
ing the plan, including the Rostovenergo, Karagandaenergo, and Yarenergo Elec-
power stations.
From year to year, electric power stations of the ministry have systemat-
ically reduced the ratio of fuel consumed in the production of electric power.
(5) In 1952 the average consumption of standard fuel per kilowatt-hour was
519 grams.(41 In 1953, the ratio of fuel to output of electric power was re-
duced 1.9 percent in the electric power stations of the ministry.(3) In 1954,
the average ratio for the ministry will be 500 grams per kilowatt-hour and 175
kilograms per mgk [megacalorie], i. e., approximately 15 percent lower than in
1940.
Despite the electric power stations which have achieved close to optimum
ratios in fuel consumption (Kashirskaya and Stalinogorskaya GRES of Mosenergo,
SuGRES (Sradneural'skaya GRES) of Sverdlovenergo, etc.), many stations are
guilty of excessive fuel consumption. Shterovskaya, Kurakhovskaya, Stalingrad-
skaya, Karagandinskaya, Nesvetayevskaya, and other GRES consume an excessive
amount of fuel as a result of unsatisfactory operation and increased breakdowns
of equipment. The ratio of fuel consumption is high at Dneprodzerzhinskaya
GRES, the electric power stations of Litovenergo, Latvenergo, Belorussenergo,
and others.
There has been a general reduction in the ratio of fuel consumption at the
ministry electric power stations which operate on peat, but Shaturskaya GRES of
Mosenergo has not made any such reduction. A number of electric power stations
(Nizhne-Turinskaya GRES) Shchekinskaya GRES, Novoufimskaya and Novokuybyshev-
skaya TETs, and others) are approaching the planned ratio of fuel consumption at
an intolerably slow rate.
A number of electric power stations (Sumgaitskaya TETs, Groznenskaya TETs,
Krasnodarskaya GRES, and others) which operate on mazut have reduced the cost of
fuel by increased use of the cheaper sulfurous mazut. Electric power stations
which operate on peat are increasing the use of milled peat, which is cheaper
than lump peat. Electric power stations which operate on coal must increase con-
sumption of low-grade and cheaper brands of coal -- calms, screenings, and inter-
mediate products.
The weighing and proper inspection of all fuel delivered to electric power
stations must be carried out 100 percent. A number of electric power stations
have tried to reduce the cost of fuel by completely emptying the cars when they
are unloaded, by reducing losses of fuel in the storage areas and in loading and
unloading, by proper storing of fuel, by waging a campaign to avoid spontaneous
combustion of fuel, by seeing that cars do not stand idle, and by increasing the
use of machinery in loading and unloading. Reduction of interoblast hauling of
peat and fuller utilization of rolling stock should be added to these steps.
Particular attention must be paid to devising and implementing measures to
reduce consumption of electric power by the electric power stations themselves.
Instead of a systematic reduction in consumption of electric power for their own
needs, there has been a considerable increase.
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In 1953, the majority of electric power stations and power systems did not
fulfill the planned norms which had been established for them; they allowed the
cost of power to increase by excessive consumption of electric power for their
own needs. This increase can be partially justified by the increased proportion
of high-pressure equipment in the boiler rooms and by the increase in technical
equipment. There is also inadequate attention by the personnel of the electric
power stations (primarily the engineers and technicians) to devising and imple-
menting measures for-reducing their own electric power consumption.
One way of greatly lowering the cost -T power is to reduce losses in the
power lines. Although the average norm o,. losses for the ministry has been re-
duced (in 1953, it was approximately 14 percent less than in 1940), losses are
exceptionally large in some power systems (Litovenergo, Kaliningradenergo, L'vov-
skiy EK [Electric Power Combine], Bashkirenergo, and others).
The personnel of some central heating systems are not paying proper atten-
tion to reducing losses of heat in the systems. Losses are large in the Kiyeve-
nergo and Lenenergo heating systems.
Other ways to reduce the cost of.power are to increase labor efficiency and
reduce the personnel in power enterprises. Me.hanization of time-consuming proc-
esses and use of automatic equipment should reduce considerably the number of per-
sonnel per 1,000 kilowatts of installed capacity. However, there have been no
such results, especially of repair personnel.
Centralization of repairs has not yet yielded tangible reductions in repair
personnel, since there have been no significant changes in repair techniques.
Existing prices ought to be revised for centralized capital repairs of elec-
tric power station equipment by repair organizations of Soyuzenergoremont (All-
Union Electric Poirer Repair Trust) and by repair plants of the power systems. It
is not normal to have tens of millions of rubles' profit on the balance sheets of
the enterprises of Soyuzenergoremont. This'profit is a result of an increase in
the prices for capital repair of electric power station equipment.(5)
1. Moscow, Izvestiya, 31 Dec 53
2. Tallin, Sovetskaya Estoniya, 29 Aug 53
3. Izvestiya, 31 Jan 54
4. Moscow, Elektricheskiye Stantsii, No 1, Jan 53
5. Moscow, Energetik, No 7, Dec 53
50X1-HUM
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