AGRICULTURAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF NORTHEAST AND SOUTHWEST CHINA IN 1953

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: June 8, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5
AGRZCULTURAL ACHIEVEI~~IrTS OF NORTfiFAST AND SUUTIi~tiST CHILJA I1+ 1953
[Summary: Increased prop yields in China were reported for the
Plortheast in 1953, despite calamities. Achievements xere nttri-
buted to the mutual aid cooperative movement, improved agricultural
techniques, increased us' of fertilizer, farming equipment, and dis-
infectaras, and to ih_ development of technical demonstration sta-
tions. The Northeast plans to produce 22,300,000 tons of grain in
1954.
Crop yields in the Southwest were also higher. Food crop pro-
duction c:rs 7,~ percent higher ti:en that of 1952, and industrial
crops showed Nairs in cotton, sugar cone, tobacco, and tea.]
AGRICULTURAL ?CHIEVEMEIlTS OF 1AiiTIiEi,ST Ii; 1553 -- Peipir:E, Jen-min Jih-pao,
9 Jan 54
The Northeast achieved agricultural successes in iy53 despite natural
calamities moth in northern and southern b.enchuria. In production oer unit
o area, average crop yields were 1,265 i;;r.< chi r. [one kung chin equals one
kilotram] per hectare. Cctton production was necreased compared with 1952
because of a reduction ir. the cultivated area, but production per unit oi'
area reached 6y3 kur,~ chin per hectare, art increase of 16 kung chin over 1952.
N,any advances have been wired in the mutual aid cooperative movement.
Agricultural productior. cooperatives ger:erally had better harvest results than
ordinary mutual aid teams and independent farmers. State farms knave also
gained ir. importance. The ^Iortheast row has 2G experimental farms, 160 demon-
stration breeding farms, 190 production. farms, and 24 mechanized farms. In
1953, the mechanised farms alone produces 90,000 tons oi'E?air. for the nation.
T'i,e grain which was deliverer by the P'an-shnr: Farm to the nation ~:as equal to
the amount sold by 10G sillages of :.orthern Manchuria.
ALso, agricultural techniques were revise. Fields were planted with 10-20
percent more stalks per hectare, and this zesulted ir. an iccrease of about one
million tons in h'orthcast grain, High production iields, about 1,500,000 hec-
tare::, yielded results which averaged 20-30 percent, and in some cu es 100-200
percent, better titan ordinary fields.
:;lon1; with tine r::nid expansion of tits : ntLr.al inGustries, tha supuly or farm-
ing equipment and ?ertilizer has increased. In 1952 the Iic.rtheast has 600
sets of new-type horse-drawn equipment capatle of cultivating ar. average of 13
irectfrres per set. Ey 1953 the ur.,ount of horse-draxr: equipment had reached 1,,600
sets, and an everage of 17 hectares per set was attained. The use of this, ne?..-
type equipment for deep plowing, close planting, etc., has resulted i;. an
average ir-rease oi' 1,000 shah chin [oce shih cirir: equals .5 kilogram] of wheats
per hectare. T~ 1953 the a::.uunt of amruonium sulfate 1'urnisheci to the i~~ tens
of the Northeast was 70,000 tors, an ir.cr~_ase o_' 26,000 toss over B;Sz. Tire re
wars also a lOG-perGer.t ice:?e~ae ir: the scpp.,; :. ^oyLeu:. root coduie ::eeo :b r. .,. ,r:
[nodular bacteria?
In addition, the use of chemical disinfectants i,:creused. Disinfected
wheat fields amounted to 40 percent of the total wheat area, an 11 percent in-
crease over 1952 Disinfected millet fields were 27 percent of the total millet
area.
Also, technical demonstration stations were further developed. In 1952 there
were?only 85 in experimental operation; by 1953, 903 were in operation. together
with 28 semimechanized demons tretion stations. In addition there were six m~.chinc
stations which rented out tractors far cultivation.
STAT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5 ~
In 1954, the Northeast plans to produce 22,300,000 tons of grair. and to
distribute 3,~ sets of new-type farm equipment.
SOUTHWEST CROP YIELLIS INCREASED IN 1953 -- Peiping, Jen-min Jih-pao, 18 Jan 54
The Southwest has reported increased yields for both food and industrial
crops. According to statistics, Southwest food crop production was 7,8 percent
above that of 1952. Industrial crop yields showed the following increases over
1952: coi:ton, 0,63 percent in production per unit of area; sugar cane, 40 per-
ce:.t; tobacco in Kweichow Province, 59 percent; ten, 8,64 percent. The Tibetan
Autonomous Area also fulfilled a planned increase of 1+,600 tons of grein.
At the end of September 1953, Peoples &arYs in all areas had already iss;:ed
agricultural loans amounting to 996.7 billion yuan. Supply anu marketing cooper-
atives furnished production materials which had a total worth of 14y percent
over that of 1y52, The supply of oilseed c?;te at the erd o: November 1953 was
already 242.82 percent of the total umour:t furnished in all of 1952.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190004-5