ECONOMIC DATA, MAY 1953 - APRIL 1954, EXTRACTED FROM THE CHINESE PRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190012-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: June 7, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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Fold NO.
u-tC
MAR 1952
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY China DATE OF
SUBJECT Econnm'c - Industry, 1953-1954
y, prices, bonds, transportation,
HOW finance, agriculture, fuels
PUBLISHED Dail news DATE DfST. 7 Jun 1954
y papers
WHERE
PUBLISHED Hong Kong
DATE
PUBLISHED 5 May 1953-4 Apr 1954
LANGUAGE Chinese
.>.,...... ...... ... ...
.r r.. u.n.o I-.. n,...,......... .. nn. n. ..v.aa~,u
NO. OF PAGES /8
ECONOMIC DATA,MAY953 - APRIL 1954,
EXTRACTED FROM THE CHINESE PRESS
MINISTRY OF HEAVY INDUSTRY'S IRON AND STEEL PRODUCTION -- Peipi.ig, Kung-Jen
Jih-pao, 1 Apr 54
Enterprises under the Iron and Steel Industry Control Bureau of the Min-
istry of Heavy Industry have completed ahead of schedule their 1954 first quar-
ter production plans for iron ore, smelting coke, pig iron, steel and steel
products. The first quarter production exceeded production during the same
period in 1953 as follows: iron ore, 0.7 percent; pig iron, 43.9 percent;
steel, 37.4 percent; and steel products 43.1 percent.
STEEL INGOT PRODUCTION -- Peiping, Kung-Jen Jih-pao, 3 Apr 54
The following iron and steel industries in the Northeast Administrative
Area have completed their 1954 first quarter steel ingot production plans 8
days ahead of schedule: An-shan Iron and Steel Company's Steelworks, Fu-shun
Steelworks, Dairen Steelworks; Pen-ch-i Iron and Steel Company's Steelworks
No 1, and the Mukden Heavy Machinery Plant.
AN-SHAN IRON AND STEEL COMPANY -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 26 Mar 54
The steel refinery of the An-shan Iron and Steel Company completed its pro-
duction quota for the first quarter of 1954 8 days ahead of schedule, exceeding
,10the highest pre-liberation production for comparable period. The open-hearth
furnaces set an all-time production record on 15 March 1954, exceeding the old
record set in 1953 by 9 percent.
STATE
ARMY
NAVY NSRS
AIR FBI
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Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 27 Mar 54
Various plants of the An-Shan Iron and Steel Company are striving for the
goal of reducing production cost by 6 percent in 1954 and of shortenirg the
capital' turnover cycle by 20 days.
During the last 6 months of 1953, there was a total of 211 major acr, .dents
1'6-telectrical equipment, including 35 fires, at the An-shan Iron and Steel Com-
pany. In addition to the above, the rolling mill of the company had 667 accjy
dents which resulted in the loss of more than one billion yuan. Measures are
now being taken by this company to set up a responsibility system to prevent
future occurrences of this sort.
CHUNGKING IRON AND SEEL WORKS -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 27 Mar 54
The construction of a new steel processing section of the Chungking Iron
and Steel Works No 101 is nearing completion. Tests-have been made of some of
the equipment which had been installed. This steel'processing section will
produce several kilometers of steel rails gaily when it starts operations. To
fill the needs of the two open-hearth furnaces of this section, the Southwest
Iron and Steel Company msde a survey last year of available iron ore, refrac-
tory material, coal and electricity sources. Workers who were sent to the An-
shan Iron and Steel Company, Tientsin, T'ai-yuan, and other steel works for
training 'gave already returned. Some 100 technicians are scheduled to arrive
from Tientsin, T'ai-yuan, and from Iron and Steel Works No 104.
Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 25 Mar 54
Chungking 24 March (Hsin-hua She) -- The Chungking Iron and Steel Works
No 101 began manufacturing two new products, an ext-a heavy rail weighing 100
kilograms per meter, and a light rail weighing a kilograms per meter. The ex-
tra heavy rails can bear 100-ton railway cars; the light rails will be used
principally in mines. The first batch of the light rails is to be sent to the
Tung-ch'uan Copper Mine, Ko-chiu Tin Mine, etc., while the extra heavy rails
will be used by the plant itself in the construction of , new steel manufactur-
ing shop.
T'AI-YUAN PLANTS -- F--iping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 13 Feb 54
State-operated and local state-operated industrial plants in T'ai-yuan are
pl:nning to manufacture in 1954, 25 new products which have never before been
manufactured in China.
The steel plate section of the T'ai-yuan Steel and Iron Works is planning
to manufacture four different types of high-silicon steel plates, four differ-
ent types of special heat-and pressure-resisting steel plates, and four dif-
ferent types of high grade carbon steel plates. The siliconplates are used
for manufacturing transformers, whereas the last two groups are used for manu-
facturing machinery.
The heat-resisting material section of the T'ai-yuan Steel and Iron Works
is planning to manufacture silica bricks to be used for building coke ovens.
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,J1b=WW,
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Various machinery and instrument plants in T'ai-yuan are planning to manu-
fe.cture all types of precision machinery and instruments which are needed for
the development of industry in Chkna.
The T'ai-yuan Mining Machinery Plant is manufacturing glass making machines
to support the economic rehabilitation of North Korea.
T'AI-YUAN STEEL AND IRON WORKS -- Peiping, Kung-,yen Jih-pao, 23 Mar 54
The electric furnace section of the state-operated T'ai-yuan Steel and
Iron Works not only fulfilled but exceeded its 1954 first quarter production
quota by 1.86 percent on 15 March 1954; it expects to exceed the production
quota by about 20 percent by the end of the month. The production of steel
by this plant for this period was 0.12 percent more than the comparable period
for the fourth quarter of 1953.
SHANGHAI HSIN-HU STEEL AND IRON WORKS -- Peiping, Kung-,den Jih-pao, 23 Mar 54
The state-oper?:ed Hsin-hu Steel and Iron Works in Shanghai'reased its
hourly output of steel materials by 36 percent during January and ebruary 1954
as compared to the output during the fourth quarter of 1953.
HEAVY AND MEDIUM MACHINERY INDUSTRIES
DAIR)N LOCOMOTIVE AND TRAIN MANUFACTURING PLANT -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pep,
13 NO 53
The Dairen Locomotive and Train Manufacturing Plant recently produced its
new passenger trains, which are 2 meters longer than the old ones. The seating
capacity of these new trains, however, is less than that of the old ones by 14
passeng-rs, and the new trains afford greater comfort to the ,Newsengers. For
example,%wthe passenger seat of the new train measures about 6.52 square meters
as compared to 0.531 square meters for the old trains.
MUKDEN TRANSFORMER PLANT -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 30 Mar 54
The Mdkden Transformer Plant was"first constructed to do repair work only
but it is now able to manufacture trafisformers as large as 20,000-kilovolt-am-
peres and 40,000 volts. Plans ere now being made bv-this?plant.to undertake
the manufacture of an experimental model transformer YkEed eta 20,000 kilovolt-
amperes and 154,000 volts. The technical level of this'plant has b!!en raised
considerably through the help of Soviet technicians and through a study of
Soviet advanced techniques.
T'AI-YUAN HEAVY MACHINERY PLANT -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 13 Nov 53
With the installation of a friction saw machine, work efficiency of the
T'ai-yuan Heavy Machinery Plant has increased 12 times. This saw, which oper-
ates at 1,730 rpm at temperatures ranging from 1,240 to 1,400 degrees, will
reduce the cost of cutting a meter of steel to about 93 yuan.
During 1953, this plant consumed some 7,000 tons of steel.
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SHANSI I-LICHINLRY PLANT.-_ T'ai_yuan, Shansi Jth-pao, 15 Nov 53
The Shansi Machinery Plant is engaged in the production of the .iallowing
types of machinery: 5u- and 1CO-meter cure drilling equipment, mud pumps, and
25 i'orseno.rar winches. . 'or October 1953, this plant exceeded its production
quota by 153.9 percent.
HUA-FENG MACHINERY PLANT -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 22 Nov 53
Between January and September 1953, the local state-operated Hua-feng Ma-
chinery Plant, formed by a merger of the Hua-feng Ironworks and the Chien-him
Machinery Plant, produced 25,732 bearings, exceeding the 1952 output by 200
percent.
T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 27 Nov 53 poor
state- PlantBinaCh ang-chi h nunablettotmeetoits productionoperated
Anninvestigation
conducted in July 1953 disclosed the following management irregularities of
this plant:
treasury. 1. Failure to pay 1952 profit amounting to 787,548,145 Yuan to the
2. Failure to pay 1952 depreciation amounting to 311,123,730 yuan to
the treasury.
3. Failure to pay profit and depreciation for the first and second
quarters of 1953 according to schedule.
4. Accumulation of machinery and equipment, including gas engines,
corn-husking machine, ball bearing steel, etc., thereby hindering the circula-
tion of capital
CH'ANG-SHA MACHINE TOOL PLANT -- Peiping, Kung-,)en Jih-pao, 13 Feb 54
The state-operated Chang-cha Machine Tool Plant successfully manufactured
a Soviet-type cutting lathe used in the manufa?ture of precision machines. This
lathe is made up of some 10,000 parts.
CONSTRUCTION MATNRTAIS INDUSTRY
BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY -- Peiping, Kung-,den Jih-pao, 28 Mar 54
The local state-operated An-shan Kiln Industry Company began installation
of five 75- to 100-horsepower brick-making machines in early 1954. After this
company begins production in April or May of this year, it will produce more
than 30 percent of the red bricks manufactured in An-shan each year.
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.I'YGHAI CHEMICAL AND STEEL INDUSTRIES TNCREASL ELECTRICITY CONSTR,..3N -
T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 22 Nov 53
In 1953, the chemical industry and the iron and steel industry in Shanghai
consilmed 400 percent more electricity than in 1950; the construction and food-
processing industries, 30-50 percent. An additional 12,000 kilowatts of elec-
tricity are to be supplied into the electric power network of Shanghai by six
generator plants.
SHANGHAI CHEMICAL AND RUBBER PLANTS -- Shanghai, Wen-hui Pao, 16 Dec 53
The following chemical and rubber plants in Shanghai completed their 1953
production plans:
1. By end of September: Ching-hua Chemical Factory
2. By end of October: Ming-hsing Household Chemical Products Factory end of November: Rsin-hua Tien-shan yChemical Factory, Ta-chung Rubber rPlant, sandhTa--fu Rubber PlantPlant,
TRAINING OF FIRST AUTOMOBILE PLANT' PERSONNEL Ind SHANGHAI -- Peiping, Kung-jen
Jih=pao, 28 Mar 54
The 12 employees of the first Automobile Plant of China, who were sent to
the Shanghai Machine Tool Plant for 1 lj2 years of training, complained that
the training program offered at this plant was too slow and lacked practical
instruction.
MOBILIZATION OF SHANGHAI METALWORKERS -- ?e`ping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 18 Feb 54
On 10 February 1954, some 110 metal workers in Shanghai left for North
China to undertake construction work. Among these workers were crane opera-
tors, riveters, welders, fo,ge workers, etc., who are all rendering valuable
work in our basic construction program.
LNDUSTRIAL ADVERTISEMENTS
GRINDING MACHINES -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 18 Nov 53
Model 51 internal cylindrical grinding machines are for sale by the state-
operated Shanghai Machinery Plant. The machines have the following specifica-
tions:
Length of boring spindle (in mm)
350
Maximum longitudinal movement of table (in am)
Rotation of grinding wheel (in rpm)
200
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The atcte-operated Shanghai Machinery Plant advertised for
meter-horizontal boring machines with following specifications:
HORIZONTAL BORING MACHINES - - T'ai-yuan, Shansi 'Jib-Pao, 18 Dov 53
Boring Spindle
Diameter (in mm)
75
Speed range
(in rpm)
16-737
Work{ng surface
of table
(in
650 x 1,.'
Facing slide to
support
(maximum in mm)
1,900
PILE DRIVERS -- T'ai-yuan, Shane: Jih-pao, 18 Nov 53
Maximum diameter (in cm)
OIL PUMPS -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 18 Nov 53
The state-operated Shanghai Diesel Engine Plant advertises for sale, 1,200
kilogram diesel-driven pile drivers with following specifications:
Maximum stroke distance of pile driver (in cm) 8
The state-operated Shanghai Diesel Engine Plant advertises for sale, model
51 high-pressure oil pumps with following specifications:
Maximum output (in liters/min)
32
Maximum pressure (in kg/sq cm)
Horsepower
140
DIESEL ENGINES -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jib-pao, 18 Nov 53
The state-operated Shanghai Diesel Engine Plant advertises the following
tyPes..9f diesel engines for sale:
~orsenower
Type
No of
r...iq-q
I
a
Stroke
___ _
_
6o
Stationary
6
4
1,200
4
1,200
4
1,200
5 1/2
4
2,100
2 1/2*
" (with pump)
4
2,000
* The 2 1/2 horsepower diesel engine with pump has a pumping capacity
55 gallons per minute.`
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ELECTRIC WELDING GENERATOR -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jhi-pao, 20 Nov 53
The public-private jointly operated Shanghai Electric Welding Generator
Plant advertises the following for sale:
1. Soviet model SUG 320-ampere direct-current portable electric weld-
ing generators with electric motors.
2. 400-ampere direct-current electric portable welding generators
with electric motors.
3. Three-phase alternating-current el ric induction motors: squir-
rel-cage and slip-ring; horsepower - 1-100; voltage - 220-3, 300.
4. Vertical deep-well water pump motors: 30-40 horsepo':?er; 1,5C0 rpm.
SHAPING MACHINE -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 18 Nov 53
The Tsinan Machinery Plant No 2 has for sale Soviet model 724 shaping ma-
chines w'th following specifications:
Width of cut (in mm)
1,500
Length of cut (in mm)
4,000
Depth of cut (in mm)
1,250
Working surface of table (in sq mm)
1,300 x 4,000
Maximum distance between working surface
and vertical tool head(in mm)
1,300
CHUNGKING COTTON MILL NO 601 -- T'ai-yuan, Shansi Jih-pao, 18 Nov 53
On 25 September 1953, an opening cerem3ny was held for the expansion of
the state-operated Chungring Cotton Mill No 601. The construction of this mill
was started in January 1953. By August 1953, all the machinery was installed
and assembled; by September 1953, 456 textile machines were put into operation.
HARBIN RAMIE CLOTH FACTORY -- Tientsin, Ta Kung Pao, 19 Dec 53
Production of printed ramie cloth by the Harbin Ramie Cloth Factory began
during the second quarter of this year. State trading' companies in 17 cities
in Northeast China are selling cloth produced by this rectory. The construction
of this modern plant was completed in 1952. There has-been consumer resistance
to the use of ramie cloth, but educational campaigns have been launched to prove
the durability of ramie cloth and its quality of withstanding climatic condi-
tions of the Northeast area.
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TEXTILE INDUSTRY URGED TO ADOPT THREE-SHIFT SYSTEM -- Tientsin, Ta Kung Pao,
24 Dec 53
An editorial of the Jen-mi nJffh-n`ao urged textile plants that are operat-
ing one or two shifts to oper'te three shifts to offset the shortage of plant
facilities and equipment. The edoption of a three shift system, said the edi-
torial, will increase production by more than 1, percent.
SHANGHAI TEXTILE MILLS -- Tientsin, Ta Kung ^ao, 1 Dec 53
All of Shanghai's 464 privately operated cotton textile and dyestuff fac-
tories have signed processing, purchase, and sales contracts with the state for
1954. State contracts accounted fo: 59 percent of their total production in
1951, 77 percent in 1952, and 100 percent by the fourth qur.+ter of 1953.
Tientsin, Ta Kung Pao, 19 Dec 53
The 38 privately operated cotton textile mills in Shanghai have been
warned to improve the quality of their products which they produce under gov-
ernment contracts. As of May 1954, the over-all average quality of the yarn
produced by these mills was of Class C grade; only a few mills produced Class
A yarn. Since the launching, of the increase production and practice economy
drive, at the beginning of the third quarter in 1954, i.here have been improve-
ments in the quality of their output. However, these firms must continue to
correct the tendency of emphasiz'.ng volume production at the expense of qual-
ity production.
COTTON MILL NFARS COMPLETION IN CHENG-HSIEN --Tientsin, Ta Kung Pao, 24 Dec 53
The construction of a 50,000-spindle cotton mill in Cheng.hsien has been
basically completed and the installation of machinery was started on 11 Decem-
ber. This mill will be equipped with 1,500 automatic looms an' will supple-
ment the mill No 2 which tegan production during the first half of this year.
Plans are being made for the construction of a larger mill (No 3) in the
spring of 1954. This mill will be equipped with 100,000 spindles, 30,000
thread spindles, and 3,000 looms. With the completion of this mill, the tex-
tile industry in Cheng-hsien will be able to supply several million bolts of
various types of cloth.
Most of the machine parts and some of the equipment in the new cotton tex-
tile mills are being supplied by the textile machinery plant that was built in
Cheng-hsien during the recent national economic restoration period.
TANG-SHAN TEXTILE MILL FULFILLS 1953 QUOTA -- Tientsin, Ta Kung Pao, 25 Dec 53
The publicly and privately operated Hua-hsin Textile Mill in Tang-span
fulfilled its 1953 production goals for cotton yarn, cotton materials, and cot-
ton fabrics by mid-December.
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In Yang-chiang Hsien, Kwangtung Province, private merchants were paying
the farmers 52,000 yuan per pic l of grain in July 1952. After the state be-
gan paying 62,000 yuan per picul, the private merchants increased the buying
price to 72,000 yuan per picul. The private merchants hoped to stockpile this
grain and then increase the selling price in February or March 1953.
PRICE OF STEEL -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 18 Feb 54
At the end of 1953, savings deposits in the People's Bank of China totaled
12,790,000,000,000 yuan, of which 84 percent was deposited by urban residents
and the remaining 16 percent by rural inhabitants. Using the 1949 total as the
base figure, the amount of savings increased 10.7 times in 1950, 46.5 times in
1951, 76.5 times in 1952, and in 1953 rose to ? figure 126 times the 1949 total.
The value of these savings can be expressed in any one of the following
equivalents: 4 million tons of steel; 60,000 tractors; 38 filature factories,
each with 50,000 spindles; or 8,500 jet fighter planes.
99-N iDEIiIIBL
PRICES AND BONDS
GRAIN PRICES -- Canton, Nan-fang Jih-pao, 25 Dec
NATIONAL CONSTRUCTION BONDS -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 2 Apr 54
On the basis of reports up t(, 24 March, results of the sale of the 1954
national construction bond issue were as follows.
1. Total sold: 6,425,300,000,000 yuan, 7.09 percent above plan.
2. Deficient administrative areas: Southwest Administrative Area, 77
percent of plan; Central-South Administrative Area, 84 percent of plan.
3. Amount purchasedR r.. -orLers' and government employees: 2,l(Yj,;:CUpO9,000.
yuan, 111.74 percent above plan.
4. Amount purchased by privately operated industrial and commercial enter-
prises, the private sector of public and privet- jointly -operated(nterprises,and
ot':ar urban residents: 3,760,000,000,000 yuan.
5. Amount purchased by peasants ',sales still in progress): 505,040,000,000
yuan, 28.06.percent of plan.
RAILWAY SAFETY RECORD -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao. 1 Apr 54
Crew members on thn West Fou-hsir Railway Section, under the Chin-chou
Railway Control Bureau, have an outstanding safety record for the 2 years be-
ginning February 1952 and ending March 1954. During this time, some 4 million
passengers have been transported a distance of more than 400,000 kilometers
without an accident.
TRAIN SERVICE TO HSIANG-T'AN NOW POSSIBLE --Peiping Kung-jen Jih-pao, 23 Mar 54
Ch'ang-sha, 22 March (Hsin-hue She) -- Regular train service to Hsiang-t'an
was inaugurated on 21 March 1954 over the recently coripleted steel bridge across
the Hsiang Chiang. This bridge, one of the largest in south China, was com-
pleted in 6 months between August 1953 and January 1954. The bridge materials
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and mechanical erection equipment were all made in China. The bridge is
a light gray color. The bridge was carefully ins e painted
tions, and has been accepted by the government. hisbridgennowpgives HaiLIga
t'an direct rail connection with the Hankow-Canton railway at Chu-chow.
OPENING THROUGH THE WU-CH'IAO-LING TUNNEL -- Peiping, Kun3-jen Jih-pao, 4 Apr 54
Peiping -- On the afternoot. of 27 February 1954, following a large blast,
the excavations from both ends of the Wu-ch'iao?'.ing tunnel met, and the worl?-
era crawled through the hole that had been opened, shook hands and tong-atulated
each other that the driving of this great and difficult tunnel was basically
completed.-- Kuo Fen~-hsiang, Lsin-hua She correspondent
PROGRESS ON LUNG-KOU-PAO SECTION OF LAN-ASIN RR -- Peiping, Jen-min Jih-pao,
4 Mar 54
Construction plans call for the completion before 1 June 1954, of the road-
bed of the Lan-chou--Sinkiang Railway through the Wu-ch'iao-ling tunnel and to
the end of the Lung-kou-pao work section, which is Section No 5. Laying of the
tracks are scheduled to start on 1 June beginning from kilometer No 190 [near
Ta-ch ai=kou, on " uthern slope of the Wu-ch'iao-ling]. At present, tunnel No
4 of the Lung-kou-pao section is being driven.
DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION INDUSTRY -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, 10 Feb 54
Peiping, 8 February (Hsin-hua She) -- One of the major achievements of the
civil aviation industry in Communist China is safety. Since the first domestic
line was opened in 1950, for 3 1/2 years, there has not been a single case of a
passenger being injured or killed, or freight being lost, due to airplane acci-
dent.
Thirteen large cities in Communist China now lave air line services for
passengers, freight, and mail. With Peiping as.the center, three regular in-
ternational air line services are also available to Chita,, Irkutsk, and Alma-
Ate.
During 1953, the China Civil Aviation Company flew 182 percent more air-
line mileage, and transported 91 percent more passengers and 792 percent more
freight than the totals for 1951, while the Sino-Soviet Civil Aviation Company
flew 14 percent more mileage, and transported 3 percent more passengers and 54
percent more freight than the totals for 1951.
During 1953, most of the passengers going to Northwest -A 9rn,thwest China
were workmen, engineers, technicians, geologists, an. metallurgists; and most
of the goods were inlustrial equipment and supplies; Tn other areas, the
freight consisted of surveyer's levels, 10nstruction blueprints, testing ma-
terials, insecticides, seeds, a special ',)reed of sheep from Sinkiang, etc.
Newspapers and motion-picture films were also flown between cities to save
time.
Civilian airplanes were used for the first time in China for spotting of
forest fires, and to report fires to the fire stations on the ground by radio.
Airplanes were also used to take aerial photographs to help the surveying
of forests. About 700,000 square kilometers of new forests have already been
discovered through this method.
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- Province , i moreuooathanun 6ana pests with great success.
During 1953, in Kiangsu
by the airplanes to control locusts. ,600 hectares of land was dusted
During 1953, airplanes equipped with strong magnets were used to search
for underground mineral resources, and the results were extrecely satisfactory.
CRINA PEOPLE'S AVIATION COMPANY'S 1953 SCHEDULES'__ Chungking, Hs in-hua Jib-pao,
5 May 53.
The Chungking Office of the China DenDle's Aviation Company announced the
beginning of the Chungking-Sian-Peiping line, and readjurted schedules of other
lines, which became effective on 5 May 1953, as follows:
Chungking-Sian-Peiping Line
Peiping to Sian to Chungking Mondays and Fridays
Chungking to Sian to Peiping Tuesdays and Saturdays
Chungking to K'un-ming co Chungking
K'un-wing to Nan-ning to Canton
Canton to Nan-ning to K'un-ming
Other Lines
Peiping to Wuhan to Chungking
Chungking to Wuhan to Peiping
Chungking to Wuhan t6 Shangha!
Shanghai to Wuhan to Chungking
Wednesdays
Thursdays
Mondays and Thursdays
Tuesdays and Fridays
Wednesdays and Saturdays
Thursdays
Fria
Fares for readjusted lines are same as before. Fares for the Chungking_
Sian-Peiping line are as follows:
Passengers
Chungking to Sian
2,110,000 Yuan
Chungking to Peiping 2,900,000 Yuan
re_ fight
Chungking to Sian 17,200
Yuan per kilogram
Chungking to Peiping 23,200
Yuan per kilogram
INLAID WATERWAY ROUIBS OVED:-- Hong K0r9; 46 Yung pao, 21 Feb
54
Peiping, 19 February -- Very noticeacle improvement had been siade to the
i , erway routes in Communist China during the pvgt 4 years. At pies-
et)tsa -are more than 90,000 kilometers of inland waterway routes in Com-
rtunisE China, of which 28,000 kilometers are navigable by steamships.
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The most important improvements made during the past 4 years are as follows:
1. Construction of the Ching Chiang flood water diversion project to im-
prove the navigational conditions of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
2. Installation of navigational lights and markers along the upper reaches
of the Yangtze River, fram T-chuang to Chungking, a distance of 649 kilometers,
to make that portion of the river navigable day and night.
3. Dredging of the Sungari River in the Northeast, between T'ao-lai-chao
and Fu-yu, to make that portion of the Sungari River navigable by large ships.
4. Widening of the channel to the mouth of the Chu Chiang in Kwangtung
Province to twice the width of the former channel to permit ocean-going ships
to enter and leave the channel freely, and load and unload cargoes at the
Huang-p'u without transferring their cargoes onto smaller vessels.
5. Restoration of the Tsao Ho water gates on the Grand canal to make the
entire length of the canal navigable. At present, ships of 900-ton loading
capacity can sail on the canal from the Yangtze River to Han-chuang in Shantung
Province, a distance of about 300 kilometers.
6. Construction of the Jen-min Sheng-li Yen (Peopl^'s Victory Dom) in
Ronan Province to divert a portion of the Yellow River water to the Wei Ho to
mare the Wei No, between Hsin-hsiang and Tientsin., navigable by the ships of
OT-ton size.
INLAND WATERWAYS R.HS!,'M! SERVICE AROUND TIENTSIN -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao,
21 Feb 54
Tientsin -- With the arrival of warm weather-and the thawing of ice on
the rivers, inland waterway transportation service around Tientsin has been
resumed. The passenger service on the Ta-ching Ho, from Tientsin to Hsiu-
chen, and on the Hai Ho, from Tientsin to vast Te-ku, was resumed on 12 Feb-
ruary 1954. The freight service between Te-Qhou and Lin-ching was also re-
sumed recently.
NIGHT NAVIGATION TO AND FROM TIENTSIN -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, 11 Feb 54
Tientsin, 10 February ?- Since night navigation to and from Tientsin was
first tried in October 1953 and up to the end of December 1953, a total of 71
ships have been brought in and out, all during the night, -fithout an accident.
At nresent, 3,000-ton ships are brought into Tientsin from Ta-ku Bar; and
10,000-ton ships ore brought into the new Tang-ku Harbor during night as well
as day.
Before the liberation, all the pilots engaged in bringing ships into and
out of Tientsin were foreign nationals, but now they are all Chinese.
WET HO IS NAVIGABLE BY 200-TON SHIPS -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, 17 Jan 54
Tientsin, 15 January -- The Wei Ho, with its volume of water increased
with the water from the Yellow River at the rate of 20 cubic meters per se-
cond, is already navigable by 200-ton ships. Recently, the steamship Ho-Pena
made a trial run from Tientsin to Hsin-hsiang, partly on the Grand Canal and
partly on the Wei Ho, a distance of 914 kilometers, with complete success.
Thereby, another transportation medium was opened for the Hopeh, Shantung, and
Ronan areas.
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The navigational route of the Wei Ho begins in the south at Hein-hsiang
and ends in the north at the Grani Canal at Lin-chen. The total distance is
424 kilometers.
HIGHWAYS IN SOUTHWEST CHINA -- Peiping, Jan-min Jih-pao, 17 Feb 54
By the end L?f 1952, there were more than 20,000 kilometers of automobile
highways in Southwest China, most of which were old highways such as the Szech-
wan-Shensi, the Szechwan-Eunan,the Szechwrn-Yunnan
Szecht3n-3ikang , the Szechwan-Kweichov, the
, and the Silcnug-Yunnan . All of these highways have been re-
stored since the liberation.
Construction of new highways was increa
of 2,000 kilometers of new hi h x9 It n 1f95Wh3,iachtxoertael
g wer8`bailt, about -ft per
cen o
in the areas inhabited mostly by the minority nationality groups.
There are three major highways now under construction in Southwest China;
1. The Sikang-Tibet Highway. This highway is now completed to a point
400 kilometers west of Ch'ang_tu.
2. The Ch'eng-to--A-pa Highway. About t,o thirds of this highway is al-
ready completed. This nighway is being built to provide the Tibetans living
in the northwestern section of Szechwan with an outlet for their products.
3. The K'un-wing--Ta lo Highway. This highway is completed from K un-
ming to Ch'e-li.
NORTHEAST INCREASES HIGHWAY MILEAGE -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, 11 Feb 54
Mukden -- Northeast China now has a total of 50,000 kilometers of high-
ways connecting villages, towns, and cities. Each day, a large nu,-,,er of auto-
mobiles and horse-drawn carts travel or, the highways, carrying grains, cotton,
fruits, furs, wool, etc., from farms to cities, and cloth, salt, paper, bean
cake, commercial fertilizer, farm equipment, etc., from cities to farms.
In 1952, there was a total of 7,200 kilometers of postal routes served by
automobiles, as compared to 4,000 kilometers in 1950, and 35,000 kilometers of
postal routes served by bicycles, as compared to 7,9';0 kilometers in 1950.
CH'ENG-TU--?A-PA HIGHWAY IS PARTIALLY COMPLETE -- Peiping, Jen-min Jih-pao,
24 Feb 54
The 288-kilometer section of the Ch'eng-to--A_pa Highway, from Ch'eng-tu
to Shan-chiao-pa, was opened to traffic on 11 February 1954. Construction of
ti,e Ch'eng-to--Ad,a Highway, a distance of 526 kilometers, was begun in March
1951, and by March 1953, the section from Ch'eng-tu to Hsieh-ch'eng-chen in
Li Helen was completes and opened to traffic. Construction of the section
from Hsieh-ch'eng-chen to Ma-yang along the banks of the Tsa-ku Ho was be-
gun in April 1953, and in January 1954, all the work on the 109-kilometer
section from Hsieh-ch'eng-chen to Shan-chiao-pa, and the preliminary work on
the 30.9-kilometer section from Shan-chiao-pa to Ma-tang, were completed.
- 13 -
CONFIDENTIAL
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HIGHWAY IMPRCVEMENT IN YUNNAN -- Peiping, Jen-min Jih-pao, 1 Mar 54
Yunnan Province has been developing its highways during the past 3 years
to facilitate trade between the minority nationality groups living in the bor-
der areas and the .. people of inland Chines NO;ri c ng- uan, Ch'e-li, Fo-hai, Nan-chiao?~s' QAlGliviD p 3Tui-11~
areas it, longer Have to import their ' 1ng-yuan, tic fo -n and ri s.
dng
They can get all their needs supplied ds~fromsthe sin andf Cc4hina. S nince the re-
cent openi;ig of the K'un-ming..Ci~.le-lf section of the K'un-ming--Ta-lo High-
way, more 'biuAh 5'1200 tons, of SUndrfes?And cloth have already been shipped
from K'un-ming to Ch'e-li area over the highways; and 2,6C0 tons of tea, herbs,
cotton, Zrains,etc., have been shipped from the Ch'e-li area to K'un-ming.
FUKIEN IMPROVES ITS HIGHWAYS -- Hong Kong, Ta Kung Pao, 12 Feb 54
Foochow, 11 February -- Fukien Province is improving its highways rapidly.
During 1Y53, 18 main and secordary highways have been either constructed or re-
paired. At present, there are a total of 3,700 kilometers of highways in Fuk-
ien, and about two thirds of the total mileage is passable by automobiles.
IRON ORE PROSPECTING -- Peiping, Kung-jen Jih-pao, 3 Apr 54
A report submitted to the Ministry of Geology on 29 March summarizes the
results of 2 years prospecting at the Ta-yeh iron mine. The report reveals
that actual reserves greatly exceed past estimates, including the report made
by the Central People's Government. It points out that the iron content of
the ore is very high and that the ore contains a number of ingredients con-
ducive to smelting.
LABOR IN FOU-HSIN COAL M1.jE -- Peiping, Kung-,)en Jih-pao, 2 Apr 54
There are now some 1,600 trade union workers employed by the Hou-hsin Coal
Mine Civil Engineering Construction Company.
COKING COAL -- Peiping, Kung-,jen Jih-pao, 20 Feb 54
The state-operated Feng-feng Coal Mine will soon produce large quantities
of fine coking coal. New automatic equipment will clean the coal. This is one
of the 141 projects in which Soviet assistance is present.
COAL MINE CONSTRUCTION -- Peiping, King-,jen Jih-pao, 3 Apr 54
Construction of the Tung-shan vertical shaft at the Hao-kang Coal Mine is
entering its final stages. This project, one of the 141 large-scale enterprises
which the Soviet Union is helping to operate, is scheduled for completion this
year. It is also expected that this new mine will go into production before
the end of the year.
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COAL MIRE CONSTRUCTION PLAN -- Peiping, Kung-Jen Jih-pao, 1 Apr 54
An "Over-all ReConstructionconstrution" plan for Fu-areshun ing , the coal capital ~f China,
has been unveiled. operations be carried outover a min-
ing area of more than 30 li [one 11 equals 1/3 of a mile]. After the plan has been
completed in 6 years, the combined production of fuel coal and coking coal is
expected to increase by 1,400,000 tons over last year's production, and the
output of oil shale (a raw material for synthetic petroleum) will increase by
1,300,000 tons.
PET1OLEUM AT YU-MEN -- Peiping, Kung-Jen Jih-pao, 9 Feb 54
The Yu-men oil industry plans to expand this year, by doubling its output
over last year's production. The needs of the east will absorb 46 percent of
the oil produced. The refineries in North China and In the Northeast will pro-
duce all kinds of petroleum products. Refineries in Yu-men itself plan to in-
crease production by 26 percent.
FOOD CROP PRODUCTION -- Nan-ring, Kwangsi Jih-pao, 20 Nov 53
In 1953, Kuei-lin Hsien, Kwangsi, had 36,982 mou of crops under cultiva-
tion, an increase of 12,416 mou over the 1952 cultivated area. The highest
yields were approximately 560 catties per mou, with other'yields ranging from
300-400 catties per mou. The lowest yields were about 280 catties per mou (in
1952, yields of 200 catties per mou were rare.)
Nan-ping, Kwangsi Jih-pao, 26 Nov 53
Abundant yields were reported in Shih-lung Rsien, Kwangsi, in 1953. averaged 15-20 percent higher tan the 1952 yields and the highest yields were
about 50 percent greater.
Nan-ning, Kwangsi Jih-pao, 29 Nov 53
The Pai-se Special Administrative District in Kwangsi increased its fall
food crop yields by more than 15 percent in 1953. Based on the statistics of
10 hsiang in No 5 Ch'u, Ching-hsi Hsien, 3,116,300 catties of rice were har-
vested from 10,612 mou of
rice 1;52. But, in 1953, over 3,937,000 catties of
(ere harvested, an increase of more than 820,000 catties over 1952.
The Yao Autonomous Area of Tung-Ian Bsien had abundant soybean and cotton
yields. This area had 1,111 mou of land planted to soybeans, and in 1952 her-
'vested over 190,000 catties of beans. In 1953, however, more than 260,000 cat-
ties were harvested, a 37 percent increase over 1952. The Yao Autonomous Area
had a yield. of 13,645 catties of unginned cotton in 1952; in 1953, the cotton
yield was over 26,000 cattier, a 22 percent increase over 1952.
Sian, Chun-chung Jih-pao, 12 Dec 53
On 11 December 1953, the first and third hsiang of the 11th Ch'u, Sinn
municipality, collectively sold more than 70,000 catties-of surplus grain to
state grain-purchasing stations.
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C6NFIDENTIA1,
Sian, Ch'un-chung Jih-pao, 14 Dec 53
The farmers of the 12th Ch'u, Sian municipality, sold over 290,000 catties
of surplus grain to state grain companies on 13 December 1953.
Sian, Ch'un-chug Jih-pao, 17 Dec 53
One hundred and seventy breeding and production farms in the fto:thweat
produced 13 million catties of grain in 1953 (includes cotton converted to raw
grain figures).
According to the statistics of Shensi, Kansu, and Ningxia, over
of their farms had increase in wheat production 7u percent
per unit of area,
Fifteen farms in Ch'eng_ku, Kao-ling, Feng-hsia
and Ta-li of Shensi Province; in Hui Hsien, Wu-tu, Wu-shan,nKao-t'ai, C uentt,
ch'usn, 'lung-tang of Kansu Province; and in Huang-Yuan and Ta-t'ung (two ferh~s
of Tsinghai Province have reported a proles of million Yuan from a total )
cultivated area of 6,184 mou of land.
K'un-ming, Yunnan Jih-pao, 6 Nov 53
Despite all types of calamities, production was reported to have increased
an average of 15 percent in the Chao-t'ung Special Adminietrative District of
Yunnan. Percente;e increases for the hsiens of the district were: Yen-ching
36, Sui-chiang 34, Wei-hsin 22, Chao-t'ung 14, I-liang 13 Ch'iao-chia 10, Lu-
tien and Chen-hsiung 10, Ta-kuan 9, Hui-tse 10 (estimatedj.
Ta-ying Ts-un, Chen-hsiung Hsien, had an 80 percent increase in rice pro-
duction, and a 50 percent increase in corn yields. A mutual aid team in Sui-
chiang Hsien had 54 mou of paddy rice from which 17,297 catties of rice were
produced in 1952, and 26,758 catties in 1553.
Kue,_Isl1 -Nei
Remodeling of bean ovens in the Wu-lan-hao-te Grain Company Food Process-
ing Plant has increased the daily aver4W bean oil production from 12.1 catties
per unit in June 1953 to 12.87 caitties?ai'ter July 22. The highest recorded
figure is 13.07 catties. An estimated 20,000 catties of raw material daily can
produce 154 catties more oil in the over-all operation of the plant than in
previous years.'
t
The remodeled bean oven solves the problem of s fluctuation in o11 out-
put due to lack of maintaining an even temperature in the cooking prccess, a
very important step prior to pressing out the oil. It saves heat and manpower
since the beans no longer need be turned by hand.
This type oven is round and has to furnaces. Inside is a steel oil con-
tainer, 3 meters long and 2 feet in diameter. The brick outside is 4 meters
long and 1. 1/2 meters wide.
Kuei-sui, Nei-meng_ku Jih-pao, 20 Sep 53
FederInith
n ofInDairyner eea,nallethe p ssing plants of the
their production plans in the third quarter of 195 are ee plants plants of offulfilled
che-li-mu_meng area fulfilled 80 percent of thei95thirdqua on
plans. quarter production
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catties of regular milk P1'
6 Jiang to 7 catties 2 Jiang. 4s 6 catties
ties of milk Yuxs'been-cut from 1/2 catty to one ,Uang.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY -- Kuei-sui, Nei-meng-ku Jih-pao, 11 Sep 53
Pa-lin-tso Ch'i [Bairin East], Pa-lin-yu Ch'i [Bairin West], and K'o-shih-
k'o-t'eng Ch'i grazing areas and semifarming, seoigrazing areas have surpassed
the 1953 animal production quota. The production rate in Pa-lin-yu for all
types of animals reached 83.4 percent in 1953, 24 percent higher than in 1952.
The survival rate was 90 percent. The net increase was 55,511 head, which is
a net increase of 24 percent. In Pa-lin-tso, the basic herd of 20,498 head
was augmented by this year's production to 26,981 head. K'o-shih-k'o-t'eng
had a 30 percent net increase in animal production.
fodderuto lasthcomfortably throuthatheiwinter. Pa 11n. Ch'l col]Actedient
84,110,000"6atties of sheep grass, 220,000 _atties of fodder' for cattle, and
built 16,222 animal shelters which enabled some 3,288*,1ti of old, weak ani-
mals to survive the winter. In K'o-ahih-k'o-t'eng 350 catties of grass per
head were accumulated.
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The Ya-k'o-shah, Cha-lo-mu-te, and Mien-tu-ho Powdered Milk Plants of the
Inner Mongolia Federation of Cooperatives have improved the quality of their
product and their production rate
Th
h
.
ey
ave reduced the hours required to
evaporate 240 catties of milk from 8 to 7; they have increased the amount of
?~ Powdered milk nrnailced from each 100
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