POOR WORK AT SOVIET FARM MACHINE INSTITUES, PLANTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 110
• Publication Date: June 22, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
CLASSIFICATION COiJFID1;NTLAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCi1MENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers and monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED USSR
DATE
PUBLISHED 1-28 Dec 1953, Jan 1951+
LANGUAGE Russian '
DATE OF
IAI Cl~D AAATI/1AI
.,. ~. , ..,,...I ~.,....,~. ,. , .. , .. ,
I,o. ~, ao, ,~ a,o. ?
,e ,... o, ... ~... goo,.., ..,,elo. .., ....,~,,,~o, o..,a.
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
POOR WORK AT SOVIET FARM MACHINE INSTITUTES, PLANTS
SHORTCOMINGS OF SOVIET FARM MACHINES -- Moscow, Pravda, 28 Dec 53
Tkle correct distribution of agricultural machines, which are adapted to the
great variety of climatic and other conditions in the USSR, is a matter of great
impertarce to the state. However, in many instances machines are supplied to
regions where local conditions reduce their productivity.
Soviet designers have developed a plow with a soil pulverizing attachment.
The plow plows the top soil and pulverizes the soil under it without bringing
it to the top. This type of plow has been in production since 1949. It is in-
tended for land with a shallow layer of plowable soil. The distribution of these
plows in various areas of the USSR is very unequal. The Belorussian, Lithuanian,
and Latvian SSRs are in great need of plows for shallow plowing, but MPS of
Krasnodarskiy Kray, where plowing is done with regular plows, have been supplied
with 5C percent more plows than the areas that need them most.
There are 16 times as many close-row drills for planting grain crops in the
south of the Ukraine, the Northern Caucasus, and the Central Chernozem obiasts
than there are in central republics and oblasts of the USSR.
Of the many hundreds of scientific and research institutes under L-he Ministry
of Agriculture USSR, only eight are occupied with problems of mechanization of
agricultural tasks, and onl? 5 percent of the scientific personnel is assigned
to this type of research.
The least active field in the work of institutes and experimental stations
is the mechanization of labor-consuming processes on animal husbandry farms.
Of the 47 scientific research institutes for animal husbandry, only three have
branches for mechanization of animal husbandry farms.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
Scientific research institutes for the mechanization of agriculture are not
located in accordance with. particular conditions in each zone. There are four
institutes in the South and in the Northern C.~.ucasus; tvo in Moscow and in Leain-
6rad; and one each in the Belorussian SSR and the Kazakh SSR. Such regions as
the Central Cherno~em belt, the Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East
have none.
Agricultural machine building in t,`ae USSR is developing at a very rapid pace.
In recent .years; moat xhoel *_rsctorc hsva linen re laced b
tractors. Desi P y general-purpose crawler
goers have developed and industry has organized the production ~f
176 new types of agricultural machines. Hoxever, the development of hex agri-
cultural aachines ie far behind the goals set forth by the September 1953 decrees
on the expansion of agriculture.
There is ro row-crop tractor for work on fields with tall-stalk crops, no
tractor for use Lz draining swamplands, and no improved machines for the mechani-
zation of tasks on and heating of animal husbandry farms.
? Kolkhozes sod sovkhozea have not been supplied wi check'row;~potato planters
xith devices for applying fertilizers ~"""'? _
vesting root vegetables, combines for harvesting talg-stalk crops~andnsunfloxer,
a highly productive grain dryer, and a good grain rlesner. Many machines haw in
use are in need of considerable improvemert.
The Ministry of Machine Building USSR is late ink]-~ng ordere~for:?
agricultural machines of new design, and 3oes not see~tb pit that the designs are
of good quality. Only about 15 percent of machines submitted for state tests are
accepted for production. Deliveries of new models to testing s ationa are de-
layed. Thus, in 1953, out of 103 models to be delivered to testing stations be-
fore 1 September, 28 were not prepared at all and. 30 xere delivered after r; con-
siderable Lelay.
The production of many machines has been delayed for several years. Among
them are such important machines ae a combined vegetable planter, a cultivator
with a fertilizer distributing attachment, a flax scutcher, a grain dryer, and
others.
The task of improving defects in new machines is carried out very slor.ly.
A row-crop tractor 3s required to replace the Universal tractor, which does
not completelyl farm needs. The Vladimir Tractor Plant has been
developing a des"i'-gn?1?COr~a new tractor for the past 6 years. Since it takes
years to make any corrections in the design of the tractor, the production of the
tractor has not ae yet begun,
The production of hydraulic controls for mounting systems on tractors has
been delayed.
In 1949, a hydraulic control for operatin; agricultural sachines was developed
for Universal and KhTZ-7 tractors. Four years have passed, and the work of de-
veloping a hydraulic control for medium-power tractors is still in experimental
stages.
Friur to 1948, scientific research institutes fcr mechanization of agricul-
ture only designed new machines, and did not bother to study the effectiveness
of these machines in various zones where the machines were used.
Beginning in 1948, the task of designing new machines and building experi-
mental models was assigned to institutes and design bureaus of industrial minis-
tries. Scientific research institutes xere to carry out agricultural engineering
research on new machines. Hoxever, scientific research institutes xere given no
funds to build even separate experimental units or parts, and it was impossible
for them to do a good fob.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-
coxFli nENTIAL
At the end of 1952, the Council of Ministers USSR instructed the Ministry
of Agriculture USSR to supply scientific research institutes with the funds nec-
essary for making parts for machines they ware developing. In 1953, only 30 per_
cent of the funds needed for such work wea allotted by the ministry. Scientific
~reeearch institutes are still doing moat of their research xork on paper.
In May of 1951, the Ministry of Machine Building received an order for
seedling p]-antera which would plant seedlings in hexrgonal peat and humus pots,
and an order for machines which would make square peat and humus pots. It took
a whole year to correct these contradictory requirements.
In 1949, a number of technical agricultural requiremerta xere worked out
for the VTZ-T-24 tractor. After an experimental model of the VTZ-T-24 tractor
had been built, the Main Administration of MTS, Ministry of Agriculture USSR,
submitted a number of entirely different requirements.
Acceptances of inventions and suggestions for impr;.vement of production are
very slow. In 1y52, 1,459 inventions and suggestions were submitted, but only
61 were used. Many suggestions are not properly supported by correct calculations.
VISKhOM (All-Union Scientific Research Instit:~te of Agricultural Machine
Building) is not giving inventors the necessary support. In many instances,
personal interests of members of VISKnOM take precedence over public interests.
For a long time VISKhOM has been refusing to recognize the superiority of a
castor-plant thresher developed by [inver;tor] Zhivoglyad over the one developed
by VISKhOM members.
VISKhOM is competing against instead of working with a group of Leningrad
designers in developing a grain combine for northern regions.
Public interest demands that the task of designing new machines by scientific
signersh machinetbuilders~randiagriculturalfandsindustrielaworkeranto fulfill the
tasks set forth in the September 1953 decree for the expansion of agriculture. _-
G. Smirnov
CRIRCRIK FARM MACHINE PLANT CRITICIZED -- Tas~kent, Pravda Vostoka, 23 Dec 53
In 1954, the Chirchik Chirchiksel'mash Agricultural Machine Building Plant
will increase the production of agricultural machines by 33 percent and double
the production of spare parts as compared with 1953 production figures.
However, in 1953, the plant failed to produce many plows, couplings, and
approxixrately 1,000 tractor-mounted cultivators and fertilizer spreaders.
The Party Bureau (Kosenso, secretary) is responsible for sany shortcomings
at the plant. Neither the plant management nor the Party Bureau have taken
steps to'improve labor productivity and to enforce established technological
processes. Losses due to rejects amounted to more than one half million rubles
(in 19537)?
As a rule, plant designers do not take part in making models and testing
machines. As a result, drawings for maahinES undergo nwnerous corrections and
changes. Thus, 21 units out of 35 of the NKIJ-2.8 cultivator had to be redesigned
after the cultivator had undergone state tests':
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
PIANT STRIVES TO INCREASE OUTPUT, IMPROVE QUALITY OF PRODUCTION -- Ta11in, Sovet-
skaya Eatoniye, 15 Dec 53
The Rostov-on-Don Rostsel'maeh Agricultural Me.chine Duilding Plant is con-
stantly striving to increase output and improve the quality of its products.
There sre over 2,000 workers competing to improve the quality of production;
1,600 xorkers are competing to reduce the amount of metal used in each item
produced at the plant, give hundred Stakhanovites have mastered high-speed and
power methods of metal cutting.
During September 1953, losses due to rejects were reduced by 18 percent sa
compared with August 1953 figures.
In 195k, all ecmbines produced at the plant will be equipped xith electric
lighting systems.
A number of improvements will be made on the KS-10 mower in 1954.
Plant deaiguera are developing a new corn combine which x111 harveot 12-15
hectares cf corn s day, The I(U-2 corn combine harvests 8.5 hectares of Corr in
a 10-hour shift.
The design of the PK-l.~,pick-up ha; ricker is being checked and corrected.
The PK-1.6 will 'be produced by the Kharkov Serp i Molot Plant.
The design and technical documentation of the Stalinete-8 grain combine x111
soon be completed. Draxings of the attachment (for the Staline'ts-8) for harvest-
ing castor oil crops are being perfected.
Moscow, Trud, 25 Dec 53
The Rostov-on-Don Rostsel'mash Agricultural Machine Building Plant is now
producing 33 percent more combines than it did in 1950.
In 1954, the plant intends to produce several hundred more combines than
it produced in 1953, to produce 2 miliioi~ rubles' worth of spare parts for
agricultural machines above the 1953 figures, and to increase labor productivity
by 18 percent.
t4oscow, Vestnik Mashinostroyeniya, dan 54
The Rostov-on-Don Rostsel'mash Agricultural .Machine Euilding Plant is using
precision casting method:. for making parts for combines. The new method will
release hundreds of machine tools i'or other work.
ESTONIAN SSR SUPPLIED WITH FARM MACHINES -- Moscow, Pravda, 18 Dec 53
During 1953, various USSR plants supplied the Estonian SSR with 400 self-
propelled combines and hundreds of +,ractors.
Now, the Estonian SSR is being supplied with machines for irrigation work
and for brush cutting and rock removal jobs.
In the future, the Estonian SSR will be supplied with seedling planting
machines, planters for close-row planting, tractor-mounted plows, potato-harvest-
ing machines, and machines for making pots out of peat and humus.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
IMPROVE QUALITY OF MACRINES __ Minsk, SoveLSkays Belorussiya, 24 Dec 53
The Zhodino Road and Land Improvement Machinery Plsnt has completed the
assembly of a nex impro~red bush cutter. The nex bush cutter is 50 percent more
productive than the bush cutter now produced at the plant.
The plant has also built a new model of the D-269-A winch.
DESIGN FF.F`T1 pa~nnvnml0? ~ ,t...
++ -- Muscow, Komsomol'skaya Pravda, 25 llec 53
B. B. Musorin and K. Ye. Bachurin, engineers of the Institute for Mechani-
zation and Electrification of Agriculture, Academy of Science Belorussian SSR,
have designed a universal feed preparation unit which has passed state tests and
has been accepted for mass production.
Tc,e feed preparation unit mechanizes e11 processes in feed preparation.
Potatoes or other root vegetables are~'fieZt; sliced, steamed, and mashed. The
of feed in one hourfand requires one worker toeoperateeitrinetPadlof~,eithree~
~: four xorkers needed formerly.
PRODUCE MO^4 FARM MACRINES -- Moscow, Izveatiya, 25 Dec 53
The Lvov L'vovsel'mash agricultural Machine Building Plant produced nvPr
300 feed steamers in excess of the production plan for the first 11 months;p~~;;
1953?
In 1954, the plant pledgee to exceed the 1953 production figures by the fol-
lowing amounts; 2,000 feed steamers, 150 dusters and sprayers, and twice tht
number of spare parts it made in 1953, using the same production space.
By rearranging its equipment, the plant intends to make 500 square meters
available for the production of a new root-vegetable-washing machine and of
consucn?r goods.
PRODUCE OVERHEAD CONVEYERS -- M~scow, Trud, 26 Dec 53
Local industry enterprises of Krasnodarskiy K:?ay are producing overhead
conveyers for dairy farms.
Stamping Plant ofrthe KaganovichdRayon IndustrialuCombi:le~ed parts, the Sheet
the Motcr Vehicle Repair Plant of Krasnodarskiy Kray LocalpIndustr Etgites, and
does Lhe assembly work. Y rprises
In 1954, thousands of anisal husbandry farms in Krasnodarskiy Kray will be
equipped with overhead conveyers.
TO PRODUCE UNITS FOR POTATO PLANTERS __ Moscow, Moskovskiy Komsomolets, 24 Dec 53
The Kolomna Machi~~e Tool Building Plant received an order for 1,500 units
for the SKB-4 potatc planter [probably the SKG-4 potato planter], to be fulfilled
during December 1953.
--
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
DESIGN PLANTING DEVICE -- Leningradekaya Pravda, 25 Dec 53
Checkrow planting requires straight furrows. Tractors now in use are not
equipped with any devise that enables the driver to keep to a straight line.
A member of the Leningrad T_natitute of Agriculture has developed a con-
trivance consisting of two mirrors, which helps the tractor dr7.ver to keep a
straight line.
PRODUCE GENERATORS, GRAIN LOADERS -- Moscow, Trud, 1 Dec 53
In 1953, the Prokop'yevsk Milling and Elevator Machinery Plant produced 77
mobile electric generators which were shipped to remote grain-storage stations
of the Urals, Siberia, and the Far East.
Not long ago, the plant organized the production of machines for airing
and drying grain in grain elevators.
The plant is carrying out preparations for the production of machines for
loading and unloading grain into and from railroad cars.
ORGANIZE PRODUCTION OF A NEW WIND PUMP -- Petrozavodak, Leninekoye Znamys,
25 Dec 53
The Semipalatinsk Machinery Plant has organized the series production of
the DDK-4 wind pump. The DDK-4 hind pump is a light, easily assembled machine
which three workers can assemble in 3-4 hours. The pump pumps water from wells
25 meters deep at a rate of 4,500 liters an hour.
The Alma-Ata Instit>>te for Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture
of the Kazakh Branch of 1~.~SKhNIL (All-Union Acsde~y of Agricultural Sciences
imeni Lenin) developed the DDK-4 wind pump.
PRODUCE MACHINES FOR MAKING SEEDLING POTS -- Moscow Trud, 1 Dec 53
Several dnys ago, the Kuznetsk Machine Building Plant produced its first
group of mobile machines for making pots out of peat and humus.
Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya 5 Dec 53
The Belebey Machine Building Plant of the Ministry of Municipal Services
RSFSR has organized the production of machines for making pots out of peat and
humus.
Moscow, Izvestiya, 9 Dec 53
The StAlinsk Machine Building Plant has organized the production of ma-
y chines fcr making pots out of peat ond?humus. The machine cakes ?0 pots
~imultane~asly. The plant has an order Yor 600 pot-making machines.
Stalinabad, Kommunist Tadzhikistana, 13 Dec 53
The Stalinabad Machinery and Repair Plant has organized the production of
mobile machines for asking pets our dP:peat and humus.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7
ORGANIZES PRODUCTION OF MACRIICE FOR RAKING SEEDLING POTS -- M:ecow, Pravda,
17 Dec 53
The Chelyabinsk 3trommashina Plant is organizing the production of machine
tools to be used for making machines fc?r making pots out of peat and humus. The
machine will produce 16,000-20,000 pots in one shift.
In the very near future the plant must produce 200 pot-making machines for
kolichozes of the Southern Ural Mountains region.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 :CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190110-7