ECONOMIC-INDUSTRY, PETROLEUM REFINING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210059-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2002
• Sequence Number: 59
• Publication Date: March 3, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210059-9
~FFORIFOFFICIAL USE ONLY
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C!V 1 FOREIGN DOCINFORMATION FROM
UMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
REPORT NOl
CD NO.
COUNTRY
SU BJ EL; i
HOW
PUBLISHED
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1952
WHERE
PUBLISHED Hamburg
DATE
PUBLISHED Oct 1952
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Erdoel. and Kohle, Vol V, No 10, 1952 p 633.
RECONSTRUCTION AND F.;CPANSION OF THE EBANO REFINERY IN HAMBURG
finrormation on graphics material is appended.7
The Ebano Raffinerie Au, formerly Ebano Asphalt-Warke AG, was founded in
1928. It is located at Basin 4 at Hamburg-Harburg, which -an handle shins
with a draft, up to 9 meters, and is close to the Hamburg-Unterelbe freight
station.
After its first expansion, the refinery in 1938 had a throughput of
390,000 tons in two two-stage pipe stills. A third pipe of approximately
the same capacity was added during the war and the tank-farm capacity was
increased to 128,000 cubic meters. Because of the war, hcwever, these
additional facilities could no longer be utilized, and by the end of the war
80 percent of the installations had been destroyed by bombings.
The stills and the boilerbouse were badly damaged, but were not a total
lode. As early as 1945, the military government gave permission for recon-
btruction. However, because of the general economic depression and the steel
shortage, the first still did not go into operation until 1947. Since then,
expansion has been going on ste~.dily. The plant has been converted to
produce not only bitumen but all mineral oil products. By now reconstruction
has passed the old ldvel of three pipe st'_l1s and three asphalt oxidation
stills. The plant has expanded into the adjacent plot belonging to the Es.o
AG. Throughput capacity has remained unchanged so far. By using the crudes
now being treated, the maximum throughput was 620,000 tons in 1951.
The new installations consist of a redistillation plant for lubricating%
oils, made by partial rebui3ding of one of the old stirs; one refining
installation each for carburetor fuel, technical gasolines, and lubricating
oile1 an installation for leading; and an alkaline washing installation for
Monthly periodi
CLASSIFICATION
HSR8
Fsl
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809
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 Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809AO00700210059-9
diesel fuel. In addition, the tank-farm capacity has been increased to
134,000 cubic meters; 45 kilometers of pipelines and 7 kilometers of railroad
sidings have been laid, and. a wide road running throught the entire plant,
installations for filling tank cars and tank trucks, a workshop, and a
storage depot have been built. One large building now contains all the Esso
laboratories, preciously located in various places in Hamburg, the engine
test at'nds, and the scientific library. A number of machin are available
foi the testing of road-building materials, and the engine test stands are
extremely well equipped and permit the estensive testing of fuels and lub-
ricants under operating conditions. A technical department for large-scale
tests is under construction. Expansion of the lubricant distillation plant
and enlargement of the administration building are planned.
By an ingeni^us method of combining the processing of two different
crudes, the Ebano refinery has succeeded in contin'sing to o -tc;are wiLli bitumen made from asphalt-base crude, while atNthe.sameytime
it i. able to fill a large portion of the demand of the Esso AG for fuels
and lubricants. " llel refining of naphthene-base Tia Juana crude and of
paraffin-base Aramco crude is carried out. While both carburetor and diesel
fuel are obtained from both crudes, the Tia Juana crude is used (1) for
making lubri ants which have a low pour point and which need no deparaf-
finization and (e) for production of various types of bitumen. The Aramco
crude is used for production of technical gasolines fuel oils.
The carburetor fuel is refined by the hypochlorlte method developed by
the Humble Oil Company~a US concern. The refining plant has been operating
for 2 years and still shows no signs of corrosion. Technical gasolines are
produced in a continuous redistillation plant, the first in Europe. It
consists of an atmospheric and a vacuum tower for primary distillation of
Aramco crude. The fractions are then treated with acid and then redistilled.
The production of lubricants also employs a method not previously used in
Germany. The Tia Juana crudes give lubricant distillates which contain
naphthenic acids. In the old method, thest acids were removed by washing
with alc%oho, with subsequent recovery of the alcohol. The method used
now supplies one wide lubricant fraction which is then redistilled into its
components. The naphthenic acids are removed by injection of alkali behind
the pipe furnace.
It is planned to expand the Ebano refinery to a throughput capacity of
1.5 million tons of crude oil per year. On the filled-in swampland adjoining
the refinery, a large catalytic cracking installation with three fraction'tion
towers up to 60 meters high and the other necessary refining installations
is to be built. This will include an additional 110,000 cubic meters of
tank space, 55 kilometers of pipelines, 3 kilometers of railroad sidings,
loading equipment, a new pier for tankers, a new transformer station, and a
new fire station. To accommodate these installation, the refinery area had
to be nearly doubled to 500,000 square meters. A total of 1,000 reinforced-
concrete pilings, 12 meters long, are used as foundations. The steam cun-
s-+mption of the plant will increase five times, the consumption of electric
power six times, and the volume of cooling water required nerly four times.
While the old section of the refinery will continue operating on the same
basis as before, the new installation is to refine Aramco crude exclusively
to produce all kinds of motor and heating fuels. The installation is now
under construction. The catalytic 'racking plant will use the system of the
Standard Oil Development Co.
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Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210059-9
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Requests for copies of, or further information on, the pho-
tographs described herein should be addressed to Graphics
Register, CIA, by referring to report number and item number.
1. Location: German Federal Republic, Rarburg-Rarburg, Ebano Refinery
Caption and Description: "Present-Day View of the Ebano Refinery."
Newly filled-in land in background.' The photograph is an aerial
oblique from law altitude showing a tanker in the harbor, some of
the storage facilities, the railroad trackage in the refinery
yard, and the refinery itself
Photograph Description: 3 7/8 x 5 inches, good, slick
Source: Rrdoel and Kohle_, Hamburg, Vol V, No 10, October 1932, page 633
Repository of Source Document: CIA
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700~1