ECONOMIC - INDUSTRY, STEEL, FUEL, POWER

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210083-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2002
• Sequence Number: 83
• Publication Date: March 6, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210083-2
CLASSIFICATION SE RESTTRICCNTFEDDgC:
CENTRAL I NTELLI8ICyE AGtIVTION REPORT NO.
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
HOW
PUBLISHED Weekly and bimonthly periodicals
WHERE
PUBLISHED Stockholm
DATE
PUBLISHED
,Tan/Feb 1951, 14 Jun 1952
TNID OOYY[NT CONTNIn3 I / OIY NTIQN L/I(CT{n0 lea (LIIDUL GL/[n3[
OI Tn3 20)1(0 (TSTLS. .ITnln TNLY[LNIOO OI 71111 ID, 33[110(3 1(3
AND T0a. 01 Tn[ V,[. COOL. ?! 1YSNC[0? Iii TD NN iMI1IlOn OS 51)0.
Lotion 01 LTD LONTLNTS TO 011 D1C1I.T SY Al. V+LVTN0.1110 P0050. IL
}NDn, DI 'TED DY LS],. Tn[ 3[.NODDC T,ON 01 T.,3 ID.. 11
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25X1A
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1951 - 1952
DATE DIST. b Mar 1953
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
INCREASING FUEL AND POWER REQUIREMENTS
OP SWEDISH STEEL INDUSTRY
fc_omment: This report presents information on the fuel and
power needs of the Swedish iron and steel industry taken from
two Stockholm periodicals Fraan Svenska Bruk and Finanstidningeu.
Fraan Svenska Bruk took its material from three sources: a report
by K. G. Ljungdahl, former director of the State Fuel Commission;
and statements made by Engineer John S int;I. and by Director
Sixten Wohlfahrt.
Numbers in parentheses
Report of K. G. I,Sunguahl
The following report
State Fuel Commission, to
An estimate has been
trot and steel plants for
field.
refer to appended sources
was made by
the Swedish
made of the
the next 10
K. C. LJungdahl,formgr director of the
Minister of Trade:
probable fuel and power consumption of
years to indicate the trend in this
Fuel and power consumption can be expected to rise I.ntil 1960 in the
following manner: coke and coke dust to 1,070,000 tons, from 366,000 tons
in 1948; bituminous coal, peat, wood, and oil to 853,000 bituminous coal
tons, from 502,000 tons in 1948; and electrical power to 2,900,(u)0,000
kilowatt-hourz, from 1,693,000,000 kilowatt-hours in 1948. The fleures for
electrical power include 1,680,000,000 and 991 million kilowatt-hours of
smelting power, respectively. During the above-mentioned period, only the
charcoal ,.onsumption is expected to decrease, from 1,363,000 cubic meters in
1948 to 117,000 cubic meters in 1960.
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With regard to the fuel requirement of blast furnaces, a transition
from, charcoal to coke has long been in progress. Development toward the
increased use of coke is continuing steadily. No considerable increase is
likely in the use of electrical power for pig-iron production, while in the
production of ferroalloys electrical power plays a dominant role.
Simultaneously with the increase in Sweden's steel production, the need for
ferroalloys will also rise. It is difficult to predict the rate of
development, but approximately a two-thirds increase in 10 years seems
likely. Thic means that the ferroalloy industry, in about 1960, should
consume approximately 500 million kilowatt-hours and 45,000 tons of coke
per year.
At present, the sponge-iron production is developing rapidly with
several new projects under way or planned. It iz probable that the sponge-
iron production will, in 10 years, exceed 100,000 tons annually. About
1960, electrical power consumption for iron production should be close to
100 million kilowatt-hours, and fuel consumption should correspond to
approximately 30,000 tons of coke, partly in the form of coke dust and
possibly in charcoal.
Manufacture of steel ingots and rather small quantities of steel cast-
ings will increase greatly in the near future. Present plans for development
indicate an increase of production from 1.3 million tons in 1948 to approx-
imately 2.2 million tons in 1955. Thereafter, the rate of increase will
undoubtedly become considerably smaller. If one estimates a maximum of 2.5
million tone for 1960, this would be twice as much as was produced in 1948.
Because of the altered distribution among the various manufacturing
processes, especially the considerably increased proportion of Bessemer and
electrosteel, the fuel and power requirements are not proportionate. If a
production figure of one million tons of open-hearth steel is estimated,
this would require approximately 300,000 tons of bituminous coal or an
equivalent amount of other fuels. For the production of Thomas and Bessemer
steel, no further fuel is required. If the production of electrosteel is
estimated at one million tons, electric power consumption would amount to
700 million, or possibly 650 million 1ilcwatt-hours. With regard to the
refining of ingot steel into finished products in 19.0, one must reckon with
a nearly doubled .uel, consumption, roughly computed at 550,000 tons of
bituminous coal. Finally, the electrical power requirements of the iron and
steel plants for the processing of steel can be estimated at approximately
1,100,000,000 kilowatt-hours.
Fuel consumption of steelworks, rolling mill-i, etc., has been computed
in terms of bituminous coal. With regard to the furnaces themselves --
open-hearth furnaces and heating furnaces -- the fuel is oil or gas, while
bituminous coal as such has a very limited use. Apart from the limited
amount of blast-furnace gas, gas is produced from the generators, which use,
in the main, coal as primary fuel. Wood and peat are used to a certain
extent; under normal conditions, they should, with an increased total con-
sumption, have a relatively smaller significance. The choice, therefore.,
stands mainly between oil and bituminous coal. This problem is determined
almost entirely by the price conditions and the availability of suitable
qualities since, in the long run, great technical difficulties are not
generally encountered in the transition from one type of fuel to another.
Foreign iron and steel plants produce gas from bituminous coal in large
quantities in coke furnaces. The coke thus obtained is used for blast-
furnace operations. Hitherto, this method has not been used in Sweden. At
present, coke furnaces are found only at the Oxelhsund JLrnverk where the
iron production is limited to pig iron.
RESTRICTED
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Finally, plans have been made for the establishment of a large coking
plant in Sweden. In connection with the impending expansion of the communal
gas works in Vasteraas, consideration hay been given to a plan whereby net
only the city and its industries, but also industries within a radius of
30-40 kilometers could be wholly or partially supplied with coke and gas.
An investigation of the situation regarding this matter is being con-
ducted jointly by the representatives of the city and several large industries
located in the vicinity. The plans envision the use of approximately 200,000
tons of bituminous coal, which would yield 140,000 - 150,CCO tons of coke and
30-75 million cubic meters of gas annually. The coking plant would be planned
so that it ,ould be enlarged to threefold capacity. The gar ?a.-uld bF transmitted
in high-pressure pipelines. In this connection, it is indicated that it is
entirely natural to combine iron and steel plants with coking plants. Foundries
need coke and steel works could use the gas to advantage. The entire F.ubr 'n-
dustrial region it such a combination.
View of Author of Vasteraas Plan
According to engineer John Sintor, author of the Vasteraas plan, behind
which lien the aim of defense preparedness, it is interesting to compare the
plan with the considerations which compelled Store Koppaberga Bergalags AB to
desist, for the time being; from the construction of its own coking plant at
the site of its large ironworks :.t Domnarvet, whl-ch ofhe_a,so would naturally
be impending.
Explanation by Director Wohlfahrt
Director Sixten Wohlfahrt has given the following c rla^_at nn. r ~~.
difficulties involved in the construction of a coking plant at Dermnarvet by
Store Koppaberga Bergs2ago AB:
This question has always been more or less on the agenia; Several investi-
gations have been made with regard to the establishment of a .;oking plant at
Domnerfvets Jernverk. The main reason that a coking pant has not been built
is that the management was interested in the construction of an electrically
operated coking plant. since Store Kopparbergs Bergelags AB hue adequate access
to electrical power. However,, no action tins Bret been taken duc tc t e fact
that the method and its economic feasibility are still in an e',c-;t.erimente.l
^te e. Apart from that, the principal reason is that it is difficult to
purchase suitable gts coal for the production of foundry =eke, shoe the coal-
producing countries use the best coal for thin purpose in their o n coke
industries. In general, no difficulties have been encountered in the purchase
of suitable foundry coke, and by mixing different qualities i Asa pocdible
to obtain a uniform and economical kind for foundry c_era none.
Considering the difference in Price betweer. coke and bituminous coal, th-
price of coke has often been so low t-- "n e manufacture of :oke hoe he.rdl'
been worthwhile. Even during WorlcWe Ti, -.he management at Domnervet could
buy coke in adequate quality anf quantity. After the war, -when the
availability of scrap iron increased in foreign .ountrles, steel production
was based +:o a greater degro- on nner hearth steel than on Thomas steel.
Since the highly civilize: countries have cellocei gas-main systems in
their industrial regions, cokir6 opr.rationF took place _. conrec:;ion with gas
production. This circumstance has resulted in a certain stockpiling cf coke.
since the open-hearth process nac increased at the erpenee of the Thomas proc-
ess. From the standpoint of stockpiling, storing of coke is much simpler than
storing of bituminous coal, which must necessarily )e stockpiled under water
or in thin layers. According to experience, coke can be stockpiled as long
ob desired without being spoiled, and no increase of dust was noticed be?_ause
of breaking up the coal by freezing.
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The matter of domestic coking plants is still worth considering, accord-
ing to Ljunadahl. From the viewpoint of preparedneee, he said, the moat dif-
ficult problem is to secure access to suitable bituminous coal for coking.(1)
Of interest in thin connection in the fact that the Oxeloaund Jarnverk
has recently put into operation a new coking plant, according to
Pinanstid-
nig&e n, which consumes about 460 tons of coal per day an compared to the old
one, which required 330 tons of coal per day. The periodical states that the
capacity of the new plant in 11,cJ0 tons of coke per month, and that moat of
this production viii be used in the company's own operatione.(2)
1. Preen Svenska Bruk, Vol l0CIX, No 1-2, Jan-Feb 51
2. Finenatidningen, Vol XXX, No 24, lb Jun 52
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