TECHNICAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN RUMANIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A001500270002-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 21, 2005
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: June 24, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.S. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
REPORT NO.
24 June 1953
Technical Education System in Rumania
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT NO.
REFERENCES
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
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1. The f.inction of the Ministry of People's Education (Ministerul Educatii Nationale)
was Drinarily one of coordination,
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and technical schools of university rank were directly subor na a to the ministry
of the particular industry which they represented. The vocational schools were
subordinate to the ministries of the particular industrial specialty which they
taught.
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2. I stimate the scientific manpower of Rumania (including only raduates of
higher institutions of learning) at 10,5001 the following
facts: between 1920 and 1930, 2,000 people graduated an receive scientific
diplomas. Between 1930 and 1940, 3,000 received them. Between 1940 and 1950,
5,500, received them.
3. A list of some institutions of higher learning in Rumania follows:
a. Since 1945 the University of Iasi has absorbed the faculties of the former
Cernauti Polytechnic Institute. Since this date the University of Iasi has
been known to include:
(1) An Electrotechnical Faculty
(2) A Mechanical Faculty
(3) A Construction Faculty
(4) A Chemistry Faculty SECRET
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5.
145
1946:.
1948
1949
.1950
1951
195?
Electro-Me.oh.
Ithe Applied Sciences Department was expanded
Metal Arohit. Civil
Eng.
Chem. Eng.
Agronomy 8a
1. Forestry
80
20- 30
80
80
80 50
80
20- 30
80
80-100 50
00
20- 30
80
8o
8o-loo 50
20
30- 40
80-100
200
150 50- 60
200
30.. 4o
8o- .oo
200
150 50- 6o
100
.200
100-150
100
100
100-150
1106-x50
8o-100 8o
130-200'
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b. In 1948 a Polytechnic,Iiaetitute was established at Timisoara.
It included the following departments :
(1) An Electrotechnical Faculty
(2) A Mires - Facu7:ty
(3) A Mechanical Faculty
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this Institute was further.expanded'in 1950 to
n u e a Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and a Faculty of
Constructions (Civil , Engineering)
c. In 1950 the following institutes were definitely established in
the city of Cluj:
(1) An El.ectrotechnical Institute (Institutul de Electro-
Tehnica)~, .
..(.2) A Mechanical Institute (Inetitutul de Mecanica)
(3) An Industrial Chemistry Institute (Inetitutul de Chimie
Induetriala)
d. In 1950 the Institute of Naval Constructions (Inetitutul de
Construotii Navale) was established in the city of", Galati a.:
f.I
in 1950 either an e1eet*Mtgnical or mehencal;
t r. was established in the .city of Brasov (Orasu Stsli.n 1
an eleetrotechnical
institute would Re estab n the. city of Craiova..
Since 1948-1949, the enrollment in universities and institutes
of higher education has increased more than threefold T. ih
factor 'controlling enrollment was the production Jan to which`
e or institute adhered,.
Jestimate of the graduation figures for the
o y. ec nj c rye it` to of Bucharest for the years 1945 through 1952:
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6. The Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest had the heaviest enrollment
of any technical university-in Rumania. The standard of education
during 1952 was very much lower than during World
War II. The educational system since 1940-1949 has attempted to copy
directly the Soviet educational system with regard to both secondary
and university level schools.
the Polytechnic University had the following departments:
a'. Eleetrotechnical Faculty
b. Mechanical Faculty
c. Constructions Faculty
d. Mines and Oil Faculty
e. Metallurgy Faculty
f. Architecture Faculty
g. Forestry Faculty
h. Agronomy Faculty
i. Industrial Chemistry Faculty
~. General Engineering Faculty (two-year course)
Since 1,948, the primary university entrance requirement has been
political reliability. A graduate of a technical vocational school
could,upon'successful completion of his course, enter an institute
of higher learning. There were preparatory schools for institutes
her.learnin .
Upon completion of the four-year engineering course at the Bucharest
Polytechnic Institute, the student was given a "Certificate of
Completion" by the faculty in which he had studied. only after
passiiig the State examination, which was very: similar to the.final
examinations given by the Faculty, was the student awarded an
engineer'.s diploma (Diploma de Inginer). Only the politiCally-
reliable students were called upon to take the State examination.
Many students applied time and again to take this examination but
were indefinitely postponed. The net result of this action was that
those who had not been,able to take the State examination were.
forced to accept jobs in industry at a much lower salary than their
more politically-reliable colleagues. The very few students who were
accepted to study for PhD's (Doetorat) had to have a good knowledge
of Russian and received their PhD's after two or three years of
study beyond their four-year university course.
10.. Prior to 1948, the Rumanian educational system was similar to the
pre-World War II French educational system. After 1948 Rumania
adopted the Soviet-type educational system which affected schools
of the elementary, secondary and university levels. As of 1948,
a child of six or seven was 'expected to enter the seven-year
elementary school from which, if he was promising, he progressed
to the four-year middle school where he could choose, with
guidance, any one of the specialty courses offered. It Is to be
noted that upon successful completion of'the '",Theoretical Course"
the student could gain entrance to any one of the universities or
institutes in Rumania.
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11. A second choice open to the children (possibly the less promising)
was, that of attending a vocational school after completion of the
seven-year elementary school. Through the, vocational school system,
however, the student could also gain entrance to one of the poly-
technic-institutes, if he successfully completed the university
preparatory school. The minimum prerequisite for entrance-into the
vocational schools was the'completion of a four-year elementary
school, this clause having been inserted primarily to permit
adults who had been schooled under the old system to attend the
vocational schools. Another possibility might be that, even
though the seven-year elementary school has',since 1948, been com-
pulsory for all children, at least. in theory, children in some
of the rural districts may, in practice, complete only four years of
schooling'and still be able to, attend the vocational school. Many
of the vocational schools were sponsored by various industries, and
particular stress 'was placed on adult education. Tuition fees
existed both in university level schools and in some secondary
level schools.
12. In 1948 all of the schools of university level underwent sovietization.
Some 'of the courses were renamed'; the primary change, however, was
the decrease in the number of prerequisite years of attendance.
The Polytechnic Institutes previously required five years'
attendance but have, since 1948,.required pnly'four.years.
Educational standards were very much lowered in the effort to pro-
duee more students.
Enclosure A: Rumanian Educational System after the 1948. Reorganization
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