DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRASONIC DEVICES IN EAST GERMANY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A002200030011-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 6, 2006
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: August 31, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2006/02/27: CIA-RDP80-00810A002200030011
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CLASSIFICATION
SnkiVisr. TrformItion
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT NO.
F1,1
ATION REPORT
? rRY ErixiyPtsl:
ECT Develoornent of gltrasonie Devicea
East Crernntry
E OF
Nf
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IT"I'LVE4..1(:17,7,1rM:7123.2r
DOCEDERICONTAIDE 19F09133.11012 APE ecTi NE THE PATIORELEIEFEREE
- rr' 1HE UNITED EV317(3? EMMA! 114F. MEARIDD OP TITLE IL !METEORS 793
794. OP THE S. CODE, ,AS AMENDED, IV3 TRANSOMED:IR OR REVEL.
ItY"r-Ill OP CONYE3149 UDE REDIDPI 31" AR UNAtIllORIZED PERS?
"FYIWEIVED BY LAW TEE ERPIW-oDUCTIOD OFflIFORD IS PRO/EDITED
TI 32:5Z:,:141:SfIRlitMESEESAISTa
CD NO
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DAfE DISTR 31 August 1953
NO OF PAGES 3
NO. OF ENCLS
tLOSTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
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Lc 1].nd (".> 190 lnd early in 1950,Dr Rudolf Kaiser received an oraor
the'LAG hydrogcnation woi*s in Boehlen to develop ultrasonic devioes
purpose of studying the conditions of soil whereocoal.deposits
ocateL This order was motivated. by the fact thatstonesjooated tn
, soli *nova coal deposits (Abraum) would frequently destroy the snove:o3
of excavators. -..aiser ald his assistant3 Fritjof Buhr, carried out experi-
ment!,3 in ie Boehleh coal deposit area in order to test the possibility (
7isino. ultrasound for an examination of geo-physical soil conditions A vomOer
of microphones were introduced into the soil over a large area, and a toso
explosion was touched off. The ultrasound waves of the explosion, after:
oaviop Coen converted into electrical valves in the microphones, would
ohow on a c..athode ray- tube in other experiments ultrasound oscillators
of 30 kc s were used to generate the uaves. The resuit of these experimelts ahod
. that ut_trasound could be used for a study of the physical conditions
of the soil and particularly for the spotting of obstructions hampering
oxcavtion. The Boehlen experiments were discontinued with the understaoing
at Kaiser would receive a rose rch order through official channels for he
development of ultrasonic devices for this purpose
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',ate in I the Zentralamt fuer Forschung unci Technik (Zi&T) assigned ao
,
:)--.eber for the development of ultrasound devices to Kaiser, who in the meon-
ome had become a merter of the scientific staff of kunkwerk Koepenick- 14(
since carried out this research in an ultrasonic research laboratory
oZ.tac unkwork,
The 'esearch aimed at converting ultrasound visible effects without
alakdrig 'e (Lk:: the conversion principle of the Pohlmann cell. 2/ It Was.
for rd that the Pohlmann cell can be used for the testipg of material ovioe
1.7encrallvaod investigation of soil condition in particular with the
7..e1:7ed. degree of sensitivity,only after a relatively long adjusting tima,
ahlea
tacos minutes, In testiog of materials, adjosting time of a few
oocoOs a, toe utmost is desired. In this cases tho Pohlmann cell not oll
dereaes its sensitivity,but also requires relatively high. energy. Ka15.7's
wr-,iz to develop devices of high sensitivity and low adjusting time.
'Limi0 devices: a converter tube (Ultraschallbildwandler) and an
owich (Llektronensonalter).
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4.. The essential part of the converter tube is its "front wall screerr'
(VOrderwandresaik) which, when the tube is in operation, ee placed in
xylol or in water with the object to be tested. The screen is made ol
a semi-conductor of unipolar conductivity. After a number of trials,
Kaiser ultimately ceose cuDrous oxide with admixtures of selfides.
The screen is comeosed uf forty thousand squares with a side length ce
about 0.5 millimeter; they are coanected with each other by small stress
of the same material but each of them acting as an individual oscillaeore
kn electron beam within the vacuum tube scan b the screen and "tranelaaess
the oscillation of the squares caused by ultrasound into olectrinal
values. The converter tube is connected with a television tube: over o
amplifiers; a picture of the interior of the object under investigatioe
appears on the television tube. Obstructions appear dark.. The nractecae
arrangement for the testing of material will be as follow an ultrasoend
source will be placed against one side of the object under investigator;
a "camera" (a water filled tube with a lens in it) is placed on the
other side of the object opposite the ultrasound source, The converter
tube is conlected to the camera so that the screen is in oontact with
the water in the camera. Two amplifiers and a television tube eonnectec
with the converter tube compiete the arrangement. The ultrasound eouece
can also be placed on the same side as camera and convertor tube; in
elels case the reflected ultrasound radiation will be converted, ker the
snecial purpose of spotting stones aod other obstructions in coal minenue
the following arrangment will be applied: a converter tube will be finee
at the shovel of the excavator so that it moves along with the ehovel.
The tube is connected with a shower which uninterruptedly pours water
between the tube and the soil. ?/ Ultrasound generated by an oscillaeor
is projected into the soil by three projectors. The converter tube
synchronized with a television tube on which the reflected ultrasotne
radiation appears as a picture; obetrectious appear dark in the picture
As soon as an obstruction shows, the operator of the excavator preesee
button which will release red paint from a jet, and the location of tee
obstruction will thus be marked. Projectors and converter tube wial -
fixed in such a way that obstructions appear in the picture before tt
excavator shovel hits the spot where they are located. The operator 'nes
can avoid such spots.
an late 1952,a screen with twenty times twenty squares was completed
lete April 19534a screen with forty thousand "picture points" was
cospletely developeC However, the vacuum part of the converter tib'; has
not yet been built because of the lack of adequate vacuum equiemeet, Tne
eansitivity of the screen - so far without vacuum - is high: ultraea,..ed
radiation with a pressure of three milliwatt per square centi!ter c.:11ss
a. change of current of five microaapere with a closed circuit curren
twenty-five microampere. In the absence of an electron beam - as long
ae the vacuum Dart of the tube is not conpleted - the soanaane has bsen
performed with needles with a cross-sectional diameter et about 5C
The "electron switch" does not serve the ramose of oonventine elicaA)va
ilto electrical effects,but of relaying the converted ultrasoutte to
television tube where the picture will appear. Gonverslon froa seen
electrical values takes place in forty thousand microphon,n wnech cae
dastributed over a 'arm area le an operation destined to provae a
ur
of the reaphysical cordition of the interior of the soil in ths are:,
The microphones are connected with forty Inousand Aires which end in
ti.ghtly packed bundle- The ends of the wires are noelsbed off they aro
arranged in a square of two hreered by two hundred. The wires are o:
electrically oxidined aluminum; ?j/ the oxide layer serves as insulat .on,
every wire end has a square cross section of 05 be 0,5 millimeter, 17.3
"mosaic" formed by the wire ends forms the inside of the front wael
ef an oscillorraph tube; the screen is scanned 1,-2; an -electron Oear, ni:Lt
Plectron switch is connected with a television tube where a picture
l:he microphones over the switch will appear if the mdcrophoncs?
zlbjected to ultrasound radiation in the soil where they are p.ntec,. inc
0)vaous advantage of device is that relatively Large areas can aL.
investigated, Development of the screen of the electron switch is cp-nplete
ere, too, lack of adequate vacuum installations has mace impossiCi
construction of the vacuum parts of the tube so far.
7. Development of both the converter tube and the electron switch is to be
completed by the end of 1953. Dr. Gerhard. (fnu), chief of the Central
I**Wiki PEW4Agaallinirot42? ClikAirgb-WitiMOAvii61 _gurre t4"Y.
attempting to make the necessary vacuum equipmen. ava aoie o that
completion of the development will suffer no delay,
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Dr. Phil, Reimar Pohlmanr, formerly with Siemens?Ealske ari
r;omment.
?
now witA thaederal Technical University in Zurich, 6wizzer1and, tavented
the devicenamed after him in th 1930s, It is a costainer wita meaLo
the trout end and a plass disc at the rear, The container is filled
wJth xylol in which small alr.rinum discs of about 10 mu diameter and
1,5 mu strength carry out the Brown movement. 'Alen ultrasound is
directed upon the discs, those of them which are hit take a position
vertical to the direction of the radiation. Light which fals on them
through the rer glass will be reflected by those discs which have
undergone this directional effect. This conversion, however, takes a
relatively long adjusting time to becomt:, fully efficient.
Comment. The soil, in this case, is an oblique earth wall along
which the excavator moves.
25X1 3/ 1-1Coimnent. "Eloxierter Aluminiumdraht" has been translated here as
electrically oxidized. aluminum. Naoxiert" stands for "elektrisch
oxfdiert."
Approved For Release 209c60,427 : CIA-RDP80-00810A002200030011-2