CONDITIONS IN THE CHALANT UN AREA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A002200160031-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 24, 2003
• Sequence Number: 31
• Publication Date: August 31, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2003/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-0081OA002200160031-6
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY-
INFORMATION REPORT
"& Document oeatsiss infonnstion afeotlns the lla
tionol Defense of the V$IS4 Mot". Within the ,n-
IM of Title 10. dee*ons 703 and 494, of the US. Cod,. an
amended. Its traesmiation or revelation of Its contents
to or receipt by an unsuthorised person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
CONFIDENTIAL f
COUNTRY China
SUBJECT Conditions in the Chalant'un Area
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REPORT NO.
DATE DISTR.
31 August 1953
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NO. OF PAGES 5
REQUIREMENT NO. RD
REFERENCES
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Government Offices and 8eourity Controls
1. During the period from early 1947 to early 1953 the local government offices
in Chalant'unl were staffed by former Manchukuo government employees. These
officials, who had been of the lowest grade under the Manchukuo government,
were frequently shifted from post to post.
2. The observable staff of the Chalant' ua Public Security Office was three or
four uniformed officers, who were changed about once a month. It was common
knowledge, however, that many public security agents were in the area under
cover of business and trade. These undercover agents were inexperienced and
could readily be identified.
3. The Chalant'un Public Security Office controlled all documentation. Official
documentation was carried only by government employees, foreigners, and
persons under suspicion, but not by ordinary workers, farmers and herdsmen.
Foreigners required travel permits, which were hard to secure, in order to
leave town.
Military Information
4. Between early 1947 and early 1953 there were several military units stationed
in and-near Chalanttun. The troops stationed in the hills near the town
appeared to be resting rather than training. In the town were many wounded
.soldiers, both Chinese and Mongolian, most of whom were amputees who were
attending the vocational school.
5e,''Both Chinese Communist and Mongolian troops moved through Chalant'un.
Occasionally groups of Soviet soldiers moved through the city on south-
bound trains.
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Economic Information
6. During the period from early 1947 to early 1953 economic conditions in the
Chalant'un area were bad. Prices were high. Men and women wore the same type
of clothing, and everyone was ragged. Even the poorer classes recalled the
time before the Communists took over as "the better days." The schedule of
work and compulsory indoctrination classes for factory workers was so heavy
that many people were physically exhausted. A large percentage of the popu-
lation had tuberculosis, but little or no treatment was available. Although
Chalant'un had a sanatorium and a large hospital, these facilities were for
the privileged few.
7. Much rail traffic between Manchuria and the USSR passed through Chalant'un.
Shipments from Manchuria and Mongolia consisted mostly of grain, and ship-
ments from the USSR consisted mostly of weapons and ammunition.
The absence of trained technicians in the Chalant'un area was a factor con-
tributing to the rapid deterioration of factory machinery, the railroad, and
railroad equipment.
25X1 1. II Comment. Chalant'un was in April 1952
the capital of Botha banner, u-Na ague, under the Inner Mongolian
Autonomous District People's Government.
Attachment A: Sketch Map of Chalant'un, with legend.
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Attachment A;-. Legend to Sketch Map of Chalant'un
Date: Early 1953
A - Chinese Communist Army officers' billets, formerly residences of Manchukuo
government officials.
B - Chinese primary school, formerly a Japanese primary school.
C - Manchurian Railroad Hospital.
D - Annex to Manohurian Railroad Hospital, formerly a sumer resort hotel.
E - Large residential area exclusively for Soviet personnel.
F - Memorial to Chinese Communist soldiers, formerly a Japanese Shinto shrine.
C# - Rest house for railroad officials, formerly a resort hotel.
H - Closely guarded military area.
I - Chalant'un Post Office.
J - Commercial hotel.
K Normal school, formerly provincial offices.
L - National Tuberculosis Sanatorium, formerly Manchukuo government officials'
club and BOO,
M - Residence of Soviet officials.
N - Botha Banner government offices, formerly the Manchurian Cultivation Office.
0 - Formerly a cavalry barracks.
0-1 - Industrial school.
0-2 - Central collection point for wool, furs, skins, and grain.
P - Forestry Bureau and a clothing factory, formerly the Manchukuo Friendship
Association offices.
- Town Hall, formerly the Bot'ha Banner Hospital.
R - Soybean-oil factory and grain mill, formerly a brewery.
S - Empty building* formerly a Chinese temple.
T - Mongolian primary school, formerly a normal school dormitory.
U - People's Bank of China, formerly the Manchurian Central Bank.
V Residence of Chinese Communist official, formerly the residence of an East
Hsingan provincial government official.
W - Middle school, formerly a normal school.
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X - Botha Banner Hospital, formerly residences of government officials.
Y - Sino-Russian Flax Cooperative factory.
Z - Municipal Court of Justice, formerly the municipal police station.
A-1 - Vocational school for disabled soldiers, formerly Botha Banner
government offices.
B-1 - Housing project being built in this area, formerly an airfield.
C-1 - Part of this building, formerly a Chinese primary school, has collapsed)
the usable part has been converted into apartments,
D-1 - Military stables and storage area, formerly a girls' high school.
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