1. SKB 143 IN LENINGRAD 2. LIVING CONDITIONS IN LENINGRAD

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A003500140006-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 20, 2009
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: February 9, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
This Document.4kntatne info>n~tlon affecting the Na-
tional Defense ,of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, ectior}a 793 and 794, of the U.B. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
COUNTRY USSR (Leningrad Oblast)
SUBJECT 1. SKB 143 in Leningrad
2. Living Conditions in Leningrad
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT
REFERENCES
9 February- 1954
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
(Notes Washington Distribution Indicated By "X"; Heidi Distribution By "#".)
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iiclosure
WEE
2. Tbe?S.K.B. Spetsia]noye Konstruktiorm ye Byuro)
within the shipbuilding yard "SVDMOM11 in
LENLNGRt',D,
a General,'.and locationo
b - Scientific Order of Battle of the S.K.B. :.
Russians.
d). ?Tachnice3. Literature available.
e Qualifications of the Soviet engineers
enplayed at the S.K.B.
Living conditions as existing in LK INGRAD.
A Prices of ocnraodities, and cost of services..
b . LIadici.1 service.
o Cost. of holidays ac y from hoses.
4... Living oonditions ,of the Gerra=; Contact with
the Russian population.
a Restriction of i iovements,
b Contact bd th the Russian population.
e Listening to foraign broadcasts.
25X1
25X1
2. The S.K.B. (Spetsial a Konstruktsionru e o with n thQ shipbuildinf;
card "STIDaA="- in IZIIWGRi~D._ --
a) General; and location
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2- SECT
The S.K.B. has a Test Station and workshop in a shod of
the shipbuilding yard "SUDOT: i", and offices, droving offices and a
technical laboratory in a hour in the sarle The shipyard lies at
+he mm+h of' the -R- ROT H~YL
Ithe S.K.B. existed already before or at bast
during the war. TWQ of the' Soviet engineers (see para b beloy;
were said to have been employed by this organ-
isation during or before the year.
the S.K.B. worked closely with a technical offioo
also concerned y(ith shipbuildi w ich is established at SHUVi WVO on the
Northern outskirts of LEININGR D (square _L/6 of the "I,,U.l. -Gee. -elan von
LE GRAD" near the Lake SKc' IiYE) , E rineers from this technical office
occasionally paid visits to the S.K.B.
~sometir.6 in 1951 sorzo of the ad Anistrativo and
designing offices of:t o S.K.B. were tran " se. of th
Soviets", a large a&tnistration building
b) Scientific Order of Battle of the S.K.B.: Russians
The head of the S.K.B. vras LINTIPIN. Though wuarinr, naval uniforu
had the rank of Colonel.
L1 TIPIN's deputy eras KOZLOVSIay%hho as the previous administrative head
of another Institute or.. v orks yvas said to have been warded the STLLIN prize.
SLCY.rQDOLSKIY ymas the technical director:
The head of the development department, STL.'I VICH, was the first
Soviet official to corms to BLf2IISENBURG HLRZ in order to establish the
engineering office Dr. SZVATEOSNY.
/The.....
25X1
25X1
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3 SECRET
NINCVITSK.LY, a certificated engineer (Dipl. Ing.) tiPha had studied in
BMUZN,, was with the- S.K.B. only for a short tine,, after wiich he wt s trans- 25X1
ferred to, the technical of fice concerned with shipbuildinj in SHUVi,I,0VO.
l ineer SHERIBOVSKI' ~ra.s concerned with armtures.
Apart from the a/rn officials and engineers the S.K.B. eriployed'approx
20 other engineers, as well as 8 to 10 draughtsmen and a number of
secretaries and interpreters.
two other Soviet officers forrierly with the office
Dr. SZV,.TECS Y in B1d1U WTBURCp/H(RZ, who subsequently were not with, but
occasionally visited the S.K.B. on behalf of the Soviet Navy. They are,
Colonel BRi.MZ.N'N
,Major RIBiV
(Note:
25X1
a r ova e o a.ce es a lis e in BLr~NKEN 3URG i~ 2Z in t e pos 'war
}period.. Staffed exclusively by Soviet Naval officers (approxirr.tely eight
in nwnber, and all of them r. Icing ~i very Uood it seemed t be 25X1
ooncernerl with questions relating to turbines.
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d) Technical literature available.
The only technical literaturq available at the S.K.H. were books
written in Russian; if the S.K,B. possessed Western technical periodicals.
they were not made available to the Germans.
0nQ the group lcadcr of tho Germans, Dr. SZTATECSNY, had the txitten
authority to pera .i.:ot,:rr t .chni.cal literature and periodicals in the
State Library of LENTNU D..
publications from Eastern Germany-
Die- Technik
Schiff sbautechnik
Vorrichtungsbau
Kraf tfahrtochnik.
/e\
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e) Qualifications of the Soviet on inears 2,234 at the S.R.B.
with one or two e3 -bons oar 25X1
..WcW&l 25X1
the group under Dr. SZTJ.TECSNY was not employed on any worthwrhil a tasks from
end 1950/beginning 1951 ornirards up to the time of their repatriation in
Feb 53, this should not be taken to indicate that the Soviets were able to
dispense. with their assistance, but rather as an effort -to keeping them
uninfonned of the latest developments..- prior to their repatriatj.on.
experiments, carried out by the Soviet engineers, an their ovIn,
following a' technical disagreeraent with the Germans, ended in failure and
the Soviet engineers employed at the S..K,B. were not only ine erience
but also had no technical talent whatsoever. 25X1
3. Living .conditions as existing in LENINGRAD
a) Prices. of corvaodit ie s, and cost of services
25X1
list of nricesof a =aber of commodities
i) Foodstuffs and beverages; Uni
t
Roubles Price in 12
Butter, ? 1st quality kilo
32.-- 70..--
Black bread It
1.40 1.80
v;hito bread it
4.--
Sugar It
.11.20 15.--
Swootraoats, 1st quality "
65.-- to loo.-
2nd and 3rd quality
13.-- to 6o.-
Chocolate to
1
60.-- to 2
00.--
Coffeee
57?--
Serualina
90--
-
Noodles
7?-
Flour shop price)
7. -- 10. --?
" (r.-arke-b price)
10.-- to
12.--
Potatoes (shop -pride) to
-.95 to
4.-
r rkot price) "
1.50 to
6,--
Cabbage it
2. --
Carrots to
1.30
Pickled cucur.tbors
3.--
Sausagos, 1st quality to
4.8.- to
80.--
2nd quality
19.- to
40..-
Peas "
6. --
Choose It
2+.-- to
4+5.--
l1pp le s -+
15.--
Grapes
16. --
Oranges each
. 4-50
Lemons "
3--
For the purpose of comparing the prices as existing at. the beginning
of 1953 with those of 1948 the latter prices are given
/t, ggs.....
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-6-
Foodstuffs and bevoras
contd.
Eggs market price
to (shop price)
Pork
Beef
Mutton
Poultry
Suet
Lard
Tea
Sunflower oil
Milk
Oaviare, best quality
" 2nd quality
Beer
ine
Vodka
Chz ipagne
ii) Clothing
2.--
-.78
22.-- to 26. -
16.-- to20.--
10. -- to 14.--
--
15.
18. -- to 20.-
24, --
90.--
litre
4.-- to
19.
6.--
50 grarv c s
7.50
kilo
57.
each
kilo
a lit.bottle
.6
3.20 to 4.50
24.-
22.
29 . -- to 33. --
28.--
Suiting (woollen)
me tre
450. -- to 500.-- boo.--
Silk m..terial
it
145---
Cotton and wool mixture
340.-- to 250---
Cotton material,
to to 20.---
Set of underclothing, vents)
85---
Set of undcrclothin Ladies)
4504-
Stockings, woo1 en (gents)
pair
13i.-
Stockings, cotton (gents)
It
a,-
Stockings., silk (ladies)
28.--
Stockings, Perrin ,(ladies )
4-5 +~,/~
.
j
5).-
Felt hat
each
65.-- to 150.--
Gloves, lined, for adults
pair
80. =-- to 100. ---
Gl
t l
d
oves, no
ine
,
for children
60--
Fur cap, for children
each
45.
it " ladies
n
200.-- to 500.--
it to gents
90.-- to 600,--
vaur
'r
fair
Child's between-seasons coat each
" r'ur coat "
Gents tinter overcoat,
1st quality
Shoes, for children
Gents shoes, poor quality
it
very poor quality
Ladies fur coat (poor 0. its,
rabbit)
Y1 of (good to bost
quality,)
iii) Other commodities
Iron bedstead
Couch
.rdrobe
Chair
Table
Mattress
Iron bedstead for a.child
Mattress for sa.,ze ' ('era Id.ing)
500.- to boo.--
800.--
60o,--
40.--
120. --
210.--
250.--
50.--
/Living room...
30. -- to 75.--
200..--
400. --
230.--
400.--
1, 500 . --
500 . ---
700.-- to 1,200.--
4,000.-- to 15,000.--
P;i.ce in 1948
3k.--
28.--
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Other Oo!arzdities
contd..
Living room suite
Rent of a flat.. consisting
of 2 rooms, kitchen and
bathroon, eluding heating per month
v) Shortages
('ex 31ta or 6SR) each
Bedrooia suite
(ex. ' R or CSR
Set of crockery (cups, etc. )
tt It 1 It(plates, etci )
qookinz pat (lar e)
It n sraalh
'Radio set
~Iolevieion sett sraaU)
147;--
Woollen suitings of good quality aril woo11en under ftar yore at all
times" very 'hard to obtain.
kori,odically shops ware short of but ter, eggs, rice and flour. , The
'latter Dorn iodi ty was obtainable (in the shops) -only on off ici4 holidays
e.g. .1 l;iay and 7 Nov and was rationed out at 1 kilo per head.
Perna of the a/ra shortages were 25X1
oooc.sional.ly created by the population obviously laying in stocks of
foodstuffs, at times ;rheas certain events lade the international situation
look- particularly, alan v.ng, such as the. BM= blockade and the outbreak
of -the . war in K(1FiF.k.
b) Medical service
("Leningrad")
Unit
SET
Roubles Price in 1948
14,800. --
l2,000. -
200. to 304.
440.
24..--
12. 120-
to 1, 200. 112000-
,
2p 500. --~
boo. to.700,--
4.35
Blec tr.i c current MY --614
Cooking gas kV -.20
It It
Bicycle
Toilet. soap
iv), Services
in the third rtionth of pregnancy, I. very thorough exar,~ination then takes
place :and the data are entered on a font which is handed to the expectant
raother with the order to report to the "Polikli.nik" every fortnight, for
further exiaxv.nations. Two months prior to the confineront the expectant
L-other has to register with a maternity hospital with a view to reserving
bed.
An expectant pother is supposed to report to the "Poliklinik" latest
Admittance to the maternity hospital is not given much before
eonfinerlent; if confirieuent has taken place alrec+dy, at home, both the
Luther and child are reriove d to the rua ter pity hospital. on being adr.dtted,
the rnothert s clothing has to be taken avyp.y f rori the hospital by the husband
or other relations. The patient is given a nij)tshirt buttoning in front,,
the garnmnt bore dark patches from previous
patients; likewise hospital, staff could be seen lying on the grass in
their white overalls dnrir the lunch break.
/informant.....
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- 8 - SWRET
Visits were not alloyred, and presents sent in had to be c?' the type
which could bo washed (fruit, etc.) The babies were mathed in thick
elothi t~ th a ymallon shaial rout~i their hoad?
rai could e obtained at In the ==tine, mdther's
tha hospital, at the Price of 3 roubles per 100
graxilrses. - Babies suffering fron colies wore not given gripe water, but
strong, black tea,
The daily diet in the maternity hospital was as follotiVs:-
early breakfast: bread, butter ari4 Larnolade, poor quality cof foe
10 o'clock: some thick stew ,at gruel
lunch: vegetable soup.. alternately i:ashed potatoes or
rnaccaroni; not always meat, but if so, meat
balls invariably
4-o'clock: scrag synthottc 'fruit juice, or baked fruit
dinner: broad and sausage, black tea.
sur cal A certain
operation necessary after a miscarriage was carri out with t the
patients be' iv+en an anaesthetic. A tient
was not attended in spite of her practically bleeding to death durir ;
e night. The place being overcrowded, same of the patients were lying on
wooden benches in the corridors,
Treatment both in hospital and the M.I. rooms tress entirely free of
charge. Medicines prescribed to out-patients could be obtained at very low
prices.
tuborculosis is very prevalent
in LENIN( , auu uo Tae poor c zr: i.c and housing conditions, as V1011 as tho
lack of good food which the average age earner cannot afford. lidded to this
is the fact that sufferers from the disease, even when ad atte*d to a sana*
torium, are -not allcnreci to stay there nearly long enough for there to be cured.
One of the interpreters eaTployed by the S.K.B. was a case in question:
though not cured he :,as recalled fron a sanatorium, back to work,
c) Cost of holidays ai.oy fray hon.'
Unless he could visit relations during his holidayys, it was out of
the question from the financial point of view f or the average rage earner to
spend his holidays ara_y ' from hone.
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p . g
canps< at a SMII:: cflst 25X1
There were: very.,. ,an of these 'Pioneer carps in the area ar or South of the Finnish frontier.
Children,- on the other hand, warn nWe fcrtunate then their
are is' . eut n,,v rff- then spent their school- holidays in "Pioneer"
r
In view of the high cost of apaCUt,~GC74tion it is 2 ]1y risir
that z ost of - the Russians occupying rooms in the adaahas6 in I INO and
other seaside places were either warks.' ranagers, professors or officers.
There were sorze reconvalescent her: os in the area at. which workers were
spend. their holidays, but these are privileges 25X1
reserved for ."stakhanovites" and workers active in the Corarauni.st party,
25X1
SECRET
pulation
-pp
Living.Qondations of the Gerraa.n _~Co? tact with the Ryssiaa
a) Restriction of lAovernents
the GernansI Iwre 25X1
throughout their stay in IMINGRi D? not possession a dentVty docu-
-tent, and with the exception of a ar -al. area in the nei hbwaxrhood of whore
they were acec iodated they mra not .a3.lowed. to rwve about in LEMGRkD
unless. accompanied' by`-an 'interpreterfascort.. 15b at irked the Gexnaans r.:ost
i,as the fact that on visiting a tYwatra, ciner.a or restaurant they were 25X1
expected to bear the cost of the interpreter' a adri ittanOe cr entertain-
ment..
it is forbidden to take photographs of rii.litary buildings and bridges
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S GRET
On condition that they were accompanied by an interpreter/escort, the
Germans were allcn,,e d to undertake excursions to.variaus places in the vicinity
of LENINGRAD, such as PETER (nr LOICKOSOV)1 PUSHIQN (South of LEI3INM~D)
and KMORT (North of SESTRORETSK). These excursions took the form of day-
trips on Sundays, s an possible to obtain accoimriodation
over the week-end, such amenities vrere non-existent
outside the large towns.
b) Contact tiriith the Russian population
Gorhanal were told. that the
S,IiaB. had Enough intgrprotors to ensure their srnooth working together iith
the . Russian .eng?neers without their going to the trouble of acquiring the
language. This, liras no doubt a w 4y of preventin,g,,the Gern ix ftorl cultiv-
ating- Rue t ,n. acquaintances; the few d.th an the had conversations ,:era
consequently German-speaking Russians. here is a 25X1
fair nunber of those in LENINGPax.
On the. whole the Russians v'ere extremely friendly tavrards the Germans
but could be astonishingly conventional and even refrain`froi greeting; when
noticin8 that the Gerr.*.ns were accoi:panied.' by an interyoreter/escort.
/One.....
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- 11 - S1 BET
One of the Russian i chani..s at the Test etation and I rk -- or. the
S.K,B, was arrested for telling one of the sons of Engineer I2TTKE that 1
brother was killed in KOREi.. He returned to his work place after sa ie tire,
but he never engaged in conversation with any of the Germans again.
German school children Ymre often asked by Russian girls for illustrated
papers f rc i Gernanny. They knew the difference between East German and ;'hest
German papers: declaring the former to be the "scti,le as our oven" they said
they wore imterestod in papers with pictures, for instance, of the (then)
, Princess rgaret and other pictures of that typo. They
Princess Elizabeth M
were also avid for literature enjoyed by adolescent girls; there seemed to
be a dearth if not coi:iplete lack of such light novels in the USSR.
One of the German. girls refused, at school,,. to read from a book vthi.ch
dealt w- th 'partisan warfare and atrocities cortiit ted by the Germans in the
USSR; She said she considered it as insulting to her fatherland. lifter at
first creating an upheavel, the incident had no further consequences.
c) Political, and MGB.
Apart from being invites to take part in the 1 May and. 7 Noveriber
dmwnrtrations there was never any attempt on the part of the Soviet author-
ities at influencing the Gerrw.ns politically.: On the other laird it is
possible that ' the intar-,Ore tern/escorts had the task of sounding the Gentians
for their political views, for they would frequently broach political
subjects. Generally the' Gerrw.ns gore careful not to comr:Lit thortisalves,
and they also instructed their children accordingly. hen one of the
schoolraiatresses inquired of the German children trhether the reception of
RIAS broadcasts was good on the radio sets of their parents (the reception
on har.cNin set being. very poor) she got no response. The sane school-
mistress also becane aware of the Germans' oahange of. letters vith their
neighbours 'via the school children mentioned in pares J+(a) above, and she 25X1
caused the letters to be given up'to her.
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ET
S X
8anetirie in .194.9 both forenan fitter DETTKE and_'fitter it',.T'HuUS 'Pere
oalled to. the I of the kB, folimwing a failure at the testing of the "&~LTZM
machinery.. They were accused of sabotage in thrat,. prior to being sent to
L TGR, D,- they, had not exercised sufficient care when sent to the Maschinen-
fabrik WOLF in BUOKi,U (),U EBtRG) and the submarine components factory
8C71U A. J- in LEIPZIG respectively for the purpose of 'accepting parts for the
machinery. The tests had shown that the parts:aonaerned were not 25X1
absolutely stainless as they were supposed to be.
/was.,..,
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- 13 - SECRET 25X1
Lj.steni.ng to forei i broadcasts
2300, .10c.-1 tiro.
receptionF--
but not rest; arty.
f orci m br dcasts between the hours of 2000 to
TEBC broadcasts in Gorr.an had a vats poor
the RZL`,S broadcasts ware occasionally jai."noJ,
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