MACHINE TOOL AND AUTOMATIC MACHINE PLANT I/N GORKIY IN KIEV

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A004001110006-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 22, 2009
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: July 2, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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and shells of various calibers and also assembled machine tools and automatic
machi>es from the parts which had been brought there. About the middle of
1912,'when the equipment of the plant had been completed by the arrival of
new machines, orders were received for the production of complex tank parts
for tank works. The plant was designated No, 185 i,/n Gorkiy and remained
under the control of the People's Commissariat for Machine Tool Industry.
At that tiae,the director of the works was Boris Lvovich Bershadskiy.. In
1913,the plant was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner for the execution
of orders for the tank industry. In addition to munitions and tank parts,, the
factory designed and built special new machine tools for the aviation, tank,,.
and munitions industries. Production included eight-spindle semi-automatic
machines for machining ammunition, semi-automatic thread cutting machines, and
turret lathes.. The plant also produced single-spindle automatic machines,
designed by A. Ya. Lopata, A. Tereshchenko, and others,under the direction of Chief
Designer Gluvchinskiy (fnu).
1. After the liberation of Kiev at the end of 1943, reconstruction of the plant
at Svyatoshin began.. G. F. Kostenko, former director of the Gidroprivod Works
of the Machine Tool Industry at Kharkov, was appointed director of the Machine
Tool and Automatic Machine Works i/n Gorkiy at Kiev. By April 1944, the foundry
shop had already been rebuilt, and several of the less damaged buildings had been
repaired. Then.the assembly shop was built and the heat treatment shop restored
and expanded, an.d,in 1.9)+5,the small series assembly shop was restored add expanded.
By 19+6; thefactory had been almost entirely restored, and Soviet and
foreign. equipment had been installed. Foreign equipment included some from
German works,whici arrived via Ventspils, Latvian SSR.
Description of;Machine Tools and Automatic Machines Produced
5. Postwar production includes the followings
a. Single-spindle automatic turret lathes of types 1136, 112-, 1+-1136, 5-112+,
1136-U, 1136-M,; and 1.12-M; production in med.ium series.
1) The 1136 automatic turret lathe is based on the foreign Index type
and is intended for machining articles made out of bars of circular,
hexahedral, or square cross-sections.. As it is possible to use a
number of supplementary devices, articles of very complex shape can
be machined on this lathe.
Maximum diameter of rods 36 mm.
Maximum feed .of rod, 90 mm.
Diameter of turret heads 140 mm.
Maximum travel of turret heads 80 mm.
Number of openings in turret head: 6.
Diameter of openings in turret head:
24.5 mm.
Number of stages of speed of spindle:
16.
Range of spindle speed for turning:
120-1,500 rpm; for thread cutting,6o-750
rpm.
Power of electric motors 3.7 kw.
Length of lathe: 1,800 mm; width,925 mm.; height,l,k60 mm.
Weight of lathes 1,800 kg.
Normall.y,the lathe works with two lateral supports placed horizontally,
front and rear. When complex parts are being machined,a third support
is employed, mainly for cutting off work. For lubrication,there is a pump
on the lathe9which feeds oil to the spindle bearings and the gear.-bbx..
For coolirig,there is a geared pump-which supples a.cooling liquid.
2) The 1124 automatic turret lathe has teen completely standarized with
the. 1136,from which it differs only in the smaller dimensions of the
rods to be machined and in the higher spindle rpm. The weight of the
112+ is ij85 kilograms. The maximum diameter of the rods is 24 mm,
and the spindle speed range for turning is 190-2,400 rpm,and for tbx'ead
cutting is 95-1,200 rpm.
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3) The 5=1124 and 4-1136 automatic turret lathes are modifications of
the 1124 and 1136. The design of the majority of the assemblies
has remained unchanged. Improvements have been introduced in the
design of the spindle supports., gear-box, and reduction gear.
4) The 1124-U and 1136-U are further improvements of these turret lathes.
They differ in the design of the main drive, gear box, and reduction
gear. They have only two spindle speeds, which are automatically
changed over during work.
b. Turret lathes of 1336, 1336-Mand 1 A 336 types; production in large series
1) The 1336-M is intended for machining parts in a number of consecutive opera-
ti.ons,. i.e -, turning, drilling, and reaming.
Height of center: 185 mm.
Minimum and maximum distance from the spindle flange to the turret
head: 60 and 660 mm.
Diameter of spindle openings: 39 mm.
Maximum dimension of bar to be machined: circular 36 mm?
diameter;square - 27 mm side;hexahedral - 32 mm between sides.
The capstan has 16 tool holes and 8 supports,
Number of speeds of spindle: 12.
Range of spindle speed: 48 to.,-. 460 rpm.
Number of longitudinal feeds of turret heads: 6.
Ran,~e of ,feeds of turret head per revolution of spindle: longitudinal--
iQ. bQ.-Q.: mm. ,l a.ttpr?r.1 -n C' n, Q mm
over of main electric moor, type A D 342: 3 kw; number of rpm: 1 500?
I
Power of electric motor for cooling-liquid pump: 0.125 kw, with 3,000 rpm.
Length of lathe: 2,280mm; width,1,000 mm; height,1,280 mm.
Weight of lathe: about 1,600 kilograms.
2) The 1 A 336 turret lathe is a high-speed version of the 1336 M. Produced
in 1949, it insures high rates of machining and enables high-speed turning
with a maximum cutting speed of more than 700 mpm for chuck work and 225
mpm for rod work. The main differences from the 1336 M are the increase
of the power of the electric motor to 4.3 kw and. a higher range of spindle
speed.
c. Automatic and semi-automatic machines of types 1261, 1261 M, 1261 P, 1262,'
1262 M, and 1262 F. All these machines are standardized. Production is
in medium and small series.
The 1261 is a six-spindle automatic lathe and is intended for the pro-
duction of articles made from calibrated steel, brass, and aluminum rods
of circular, square,and hexahedral cross-sections.
Maximum diameter of circular rod to be machined: 58 mm.
Maximum side of square rod: 40 mm.
Maximum diameter of inscribed circle of hexahedral rod: 48 mm.
Maximum length of rod to be machined: 4 in. There is a special stand
for the support of rods projecting from the spindle.
Maximum length of feed of rod: 160 mm.
.Power of electric motor of main drive: 15.2 kw,
Length of lathe: 5.72 m; width,l.2 m; height, 1.7 m.
Weight: about 0,500 kilograms.
Special devices can befitted to the machine for thread cutting, high
speed drilling and reaming. It has a mechanical clamp,, and a mechanical
device for automatic switching off of feed when the rod has been used up.
There are two electric motors, one for main drive and the other for the
pump with the cooling liquid, Sulfofrezol.
Lubricating system: centralized lubrication of the principal mechanical
devices of the machine and independent lubricators.
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2) The 1261 M six-spindle automatic lathe is intended for serial and mass
production of articles made out of calibrated rods of various cross-
sections and material, and requiring a series of operations,i.e.,turning,
drilling, reaming, thread-cutting, trimming,,. and cutting.
Maximum diameter of bar ID be machined: 50 mm.
Maximum length .of bar: 300 mm.
Minimum remainder of bar: 80 mm.
Maximum feed of 'bar: 160 mm.
Diameter of spindle opening: 76 mm.
Minimum and maximum diameters of threads to be cut: 4 mm. and 1+0 mm.
Range of spindle speed: 88-]y015 rpm; for high-.speed work: 111.0-1,620 rpm.
Number of supports: 11.
Number of speeds of working spindles: 66.
Power of electric motor for main drive: 14 kw; number of rpm: 975-
Power of electric motor for cooling pump: 0..65 kw.f rpm: 2,800.
Length of machine: 5.7 m; width,l.2 m; height.., 1.8 in.
Weight of machine: about 7,000 kilograms-
3) The 1261 P six-spindle semi-automatic machine is .intended for_'machining
articles in a number of consecutive operations for mass or serial pro-
duction.
Maximum diameter of workpiece: 130 mm.
Maximum diameter of article clamped in the chuck: 100 mm.
Maximum length of workpiece: 120 mm.
Number of longitudinalr'supports: 1; of lateral supports: 1+.
Number of speeds of working spindles: 38.
Range of spindle speed: 58-980 rpm.
Three;-phase electric motor
Power of motor for main drive: 14 kw; 750 rpm.
Power of electric motor for cooling pump: 0.65 kw; 2,,8O0;rpMe
Length of machine: 3,180 mm; width, 1,111.0 mm; height, 1,755 mm..
Weight of lathe: about 7,200 kilograms.
Hydraulic grip with a wide range of adjustment of its force.2
1.) 1262 M four-spindle automatic machine
Maximum section of rod to be machined: round - 50 mm. square - 35 mm;
hexahedral - 11.3 mm.
Maximum length of 'feed of rod: 160 mm.
Maximum length of turning: 145 mm,
Range of spindle speed: 88-1,015 rpm (highspeed work: 140-1,620 rpm),
Power of main electric motor: 14 kw.
Length of machine: 5,665 mm; width., 1400 mm; height, 1,855 mm-
Weight: 6,800 kilograms ;
5) 1262 P four-spindle semi-automatic lathe
Maximum diameter of work piece: 130 mm,
Range of spindle speed: 56-980 rpm.
A hydraulic system adjusts the gripping and release of parts in the
chucks and also the stopping and starting of the spindle in. the loaded
position..
d. Six-spindle semi-automatic machines of types 127, 127 A, and 1-127 A,
medium serial production. These six-spindle semi-automatic horizontal
machines are for machining parts made of light alloys or cat iron in
a chuck or other device. The machine has a mechanical grip with a coil
spring which is insufficiently strong for heavy work, such as machining
steel parts,
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.e- Multi-spindle semi-automatic machines of types 129, 129 A, 129 M, and 4a
129 A; produced in medium series. These four-and five-spindle machines are
for machining parts of complex profile which is awkward for turning.. The
workpiece? is gripped in devices and during machining travels without rotating.
These machines are based on the foreign Gos-De-Lieu semi-automatic machine.
f. 1265 horizontal six-spindle automatic machine for machining rods or tubes with
maximum diameter of 65 mm; small serial production since 1953.
Maximum length of workpiece: 175 mm.
Range of spindle speed: 60-1,000 rpm.
Power of main electric motor: 28 kw.
Weight of machine: 13,000 kilograms.
g. 1290 heavy four-spindle automatic machine for high-speed machining of rods
and tubes with diameter of 70 to 100 mm.. Weight of machine: 24,500 kilograms;
small serial production since 1952.
h. Drilling and turning lathe; medium serial production since 1951;
Maximum diameter of workpieces 1,250 mm-
Diameter-of face plate: 1,030 mm.
Maximum height of workpiece: 970 mm-
Maximum, weight of workpiece: 2 tons,
Range of face plate speeds 19.5-500 rpm.
Power of main electric motors 24+ kw.
Weight of machine: 13 tons.
Work with hard alloy tools is possible.
i. Universal screw-cutting lathes for machine and tractor stations have been
d
pro
uced in medium series since 1953.
Special machine tools for agricultural machinery are produced against in-
dividual orders and in small series. An automatic line for the production
of chisel-shaped P-702 ploughshares from 149 D rolled steel
'fo
t
t
.
r
rac
or
ploughs was completed and tested in January 1954,and consists of four
sections wbigh carry out different processes. In the first seetion,a strip is
cut into blanks by a press. The blanks then pass to another press in which
they are bevelled and pierced with holes. They then go to a storage place
where a workman places them on the conveyors of the second section. They go
on to a turntable with six positions,where the holes are counter-sunk and the
bevels are polished. From here they move to a grinding assembly with seven
grinding heads which grind the blades and polish the surfaces. Then the
blanks are passed mechanically to the bending and heat treatment section,,,
where they are heated by high-frequency currents and bent on a hydraulic press.
The blades are then heated, dropped into a quenching bath, and,heated by high-
frequency currents, after which they go into a cooling place. In the third
section,the scale on t'he surface is cleaned off by spraying with an abrasive
liquid. In the fourth section,the blanks are automatically stacked in fives,
tied up, moved by conveyor to an appliance for anti-corrosive treatment, and
dispatched to the finished products store. Inspection of the machining of
ploughshares is carried out by three checkers by means of high-speed devices,
which check the profile of the ploughshaze. and its tcu Vesss, ash . make an external exams-
nation. The: line is served by three operators, five adjueters,and three
checkers. The output of the line when tested was about 1,900 ploughshares
in an eight-hour shift. This automatic line will be sent to an tl mseNnery
Mods Kalinin at Rubtsovnk, Altay Kray. It is proposed to build a second
line for the Works i/n October Revolution in Odessa.
Actual t ,Output
6. In 1953, the plant produced about 1,900 automatic and semi-automatic machines
and machine tools, including about 200 simple screw-cutting lathes for machine and
tractor stations. The foundry has large losses from rejected material. In 1953,
rejects were valued at one million rubles.
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7.
9.
Personnel
There are 3,100 to 3,200 employees working in three sb;ifts at the plant.
Following is a list of leading personnel:
Directors G.F. Kostenko.
Acting Chief Engineer: Shcherbakov (fnu).
Chief Designer: Geyets (fnu)-
Chief Power Engineer: Kolyadko (fnu).
Chief Technologist: Porton (fnu).
The design bureau of the plant is an important organization with a large number'of
experienced designers. Its head is Geyets, and its personnel include the following
designers: A.Ya Lopata, P.G. Tryasunov,, ;A..I..,. Tereshdhenko, M".;L. Orli.kov,
I.G. Dondik, N:,,D. Reznik,'S.M. Zamanskiy, L.M. Dubinskiy, M.P. Bondar, V.M. Kanevtsev,
N.S. Manko, D.A. Draiger, V.A. Shevchuk, G.Yu. Burliy, G.O. Stelmakh, V.N. Gtechus--
nikov, Ryzhov (fnu), and Kobus;('nu). The design bureau works in close touch with
the Chair and Laboratory of Machine Tool Construction of the Kiev Polytechnic
Institute under A'N. Rabinovich, Dr. Tech. Sc... The general trend of the plant's
designers in designing machine tools and automatic machines and in modernizing
them is to increase the reliability of performance; to reduce the time required
for adjustment and for auxiliary operations, the weight of machines, and the mane
power required for production; and to increase the toughness of the construction.
Shops
Following is a lcist of plant shops:
First, Second, and Third Machine Shops.
Assembly Shop.
Assembly Shop for small series.
Forge Shop.
Foundry Shop.
Hear-treatment Shop.
Tool Shop.
Mechanical Repair Shoe.
Experimental Shop.
Electrical Shop.
Standards Department.
Steam Power Department,
Consumer Goods Department.
Central. Laboratory.
Transport Department.
1. According to a Soviet machine tool catalogue, the plower of the main motor of
the 1261 M is 15. 2 1w with 1,000 rpm, The power of the cooling motor is 25
kw with 1,500 rpm.
2. A Soviet machine tool catalogue gives the power of the cooling motor of the
1261 P as 25 kw with 1,500 rpm. The weight of the lathe is given as 6:500
kilograms.
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