THE UL'YANOVSK AREA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A005100150011-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 26, 2007
• Sequence Number: 11
• Content Type: REPORT

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The UL' YaNOVSI: Area
APPENDIX "A"
Int roduct ion,
General Information
Terrain, Soil and Drainage
Population and Settlement
ULIYaNOVSK Town
Industrial Enterprises
in the UL'YaNOVSK Area
Roads
Life on Collective Farms
Morals and Corruption ("Blat")
The Amnesty
Annexe to Appendix "A" - Sketch of
the main transit roads in UL'YaNOVSK.
General Information
2. Information supplied in this Appendix covers the part of the UL'YaNOVSK
Province which extends along the western bank of the VOLGA and includes UL'YaNOVSK
itself. That is the only part of the U:a.;J..R. which Informant knows well. He
has never been on the eastern bank of the river except to CHASOVNYa village
situated opposite t1L' YaNOVSK. VIest of the VOLGA Informant's native area extends
in a radius of approximately forty to sixty kilometres from UL' YaNOVSK town.
Terrain, Soil and Drains^,e
3 A chain of hills runs along the western bank of the VOLGA. This hill
range is narrow to the north of UL' YaNCVSK and it widens south of the town.
The southern part is intersected by steep and deep valleys and river canyons
descending mainly eastwards to the VOLGA bank. Further to the West i,p undulating
country interoected by numerous small rivers. Informant, stated that the soil
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2
3-4
5
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19
20 - 23
2)4. - 31
32 - t+2
1+3
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in this Part of the UL'YaNQI1SK Province is fertile and black, mixed in some places
with clay and very little sand. There are n6t many woods in the area described.
To the north of UL' YaNOVSK, the hills which form the western. bank of the VOLGA
are covered'by, fairly thick forests. Another wooded area extends approximately
twenty kilometres south of UL'YaNOVSK along the western slopes of the VOLGA hill
range. West of UL' YaNOVSK, between BAP.AT-~E'VKA and TETYuShEVSK, stretch large
peat-bogs.
According to Informant, it was rumoured in UL'YaNOVSK that the construc-
tion of the KUJB13h V Hydro-Electric Plant would have a con3iderable effect upon
the VOLGA in the UL'YaNOVSK area. The raising of the level of the VOLGA waters
would mean that the parts of land on both banks flooded every Spring would be
permanently flooded. In addition ChASOVNYa village'and the VOLODARSKIJ Ordnance
Factory situated opposite UL'YaNOVSK would be in immediate danger of innundation.
Informant heard that either the VOLODARSKIJ Plant would be moved to a new site
or a high concrete dam would be constructed to protect-the factory premises
Population and Settlement
54. Informant stated that the UL'YaNOVSK area is almost entirely populated
by Russians. The only large town in the whole area is UL'YaNOVSK. All the,
other settl anents are village type, consisting of wooden huts with very few brick
buildings.
UL' YaNOVSIt Town
6. UL'YaNOVSK (formerly SINBIRSK)~; is the District Chief Administrative
Centre and the only industrial town in the area described.
7. The main part of the town is situated on the high and steep western
bank of the VOLGA river, and stretches b~tween the VOLGA and her tributary, the
SVIYaGA which in this sector flows only approximately three kilometres away from
the VOLGA. , The new UL'YaNOVSK extends to the west of the river SVIYaGA and is
connected with the town centre by a bridge across the SVIYaGA river.
8. Southwest of the central part of the town extends the suburb KINDYa-
KOVKA incorporated several years ago into UL'YaNOVSK.
9.
A ravine approximately,l - 2 kilometres long runs westwards from the
town centre to the SVIYaGA river. The western bank of the VOLGA at UL'YaNOVSK
/fQrlns a ridge ...
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forms a ridge approximately 150 meters high which completely commands the river
and its low eastern bank. This ridL;e; 1.hich divides the town from the river, is
called VEr7Ts (The Crown) . Prom there the built-up area descends westwards.
There are 'only very few buildings on the VE,ETs which was originally planned as
a public park. In its main square stands the LENIN memorial.
10. UL'YaNOVSK has developed very considerably during the last twenty
years. In the town centre a number of modern buildings have been constructed
and some principal streets have been modernised. The highest buildings in
UL'YaNOVSK are three or four blocks of flats, each five to six storeys high,
situated along the Lev Tolstoy Street. These blocks are occupied by the
workers of the'VOLODARSKIJ.Ordnance Factory and are called "VOLODARSKIE DOMA.".
The town started to expand beyond the western bank of the SV1YaGA where some
factories were built and workers settlements are under construction.' On the
left bank of the VOLGA, -connacted with the other side of the river by a very,
long railway bridge and by a ferry for road traffic and pedestrians, extends
the village CHASOVNYa with its large petrol dump, railway station, and
VOLODARSKIJ Plant..
11. Development and ,modernisation has changed the general features of
UL'YaNOVSK. There is now a mixture.of pro-revolutionary, one or two-storey,
brick or wooden houses,'and recent modern buildings. There are also the wooden
huts and blocks. of flats of, new workers' settlements.
12. In spite of the "modernisation"'proclaimed by the local authorities
UL'YaNOVSK still lacks a good many essential installations. Water supply exists
only in the newly built Government houses and in the new blocks of.flats. The
greater part of the population use a few water points ("kolonki" -), installed on
the streets or carry water straight from the river. The sewage system exists
only in the very now buildings. Street illumination is extremely poor. In
fact the town is completely dark except for three main streets: Goncharov,
Lev Tolstoy 'and Lenin Streets, which have some rather inadequate electric
lighting. Informant stated that electric current is supplied by the town
Electric Power Station located opposite the stadium on Ivlinyaev Street and by
some industrial enterprises,' but the supply is at ill inadequate. There is
not even enough current for the stronger electric bulbs in private flats, but
for the sake of "modernisation" the electric tram lines are under construction.
/There are .??
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There are no gas woks in UL' Ya JOVSK.
13. As far as through traffic is concerned UL'YaNOV`ic is practically a
cul-de-sac. The tovn lies between two rivers: there are not enough bridges
across the SVIYo.(W- whilst the VOLGA has no road bridge. The town is out in
two by a deep ravine and has steep slopes down to the VOLGA itself as well as
to the old bed of the VOLGA ("STARITsA"). South of the tovvrn there are no
proper through roads either North/South or East/West.
14? The main and only North/South transit road is Radishchev Street, with
its extension Sovetskaya Stro'et. But this toad ends in a narrow, sharp bend
to the oast and connects with Goncharov Street which runs south-east and south.
The latter ends in a narrow and steep descent towards the railway premises.
15. The West/East athrouEh roads are even more complicated. There is only
one wooden bridge across the SVIYaGA river which forms a bottle-neck for traffic.
Informant stated that there was a plan for constructing a new steel bridge but
he did not know when or where it would be built.
16. There are two West/East thoroughfare roads:
(a) The first .one ruffs from the SVIYaGA bridge to the south, then east
and north-east along Shevchenko street along the northern side of the
ravine: This road ends near Goncharov Street almost in a cul-de-sac.
(b) The second one runs from the SVIYaGA bridge to the south, then eastwards
along Lenin Street to Goncharov Street, or from Lenin Street southwards
along the 12th September Street, then eastwards along Lev.Tolstoy Street
to Goncharov Street and then along Goncharov Street to the descent
leading to the steam ferry across the VOLGA.
17. All these main streets (Goncharov, Lenin, Lev Tolstoy and Sovetskaya)
bear two-line traffic and are rret&iled. 'The othex% including also quite an
important r:)ad running eastwards; I-Ainyaev (formerly Gorki j) Street.) are paved
with cobbles (BULYZhNIK) . The descent to the VOLGA ferry is. very :st'eep, badly
ooUbIed and rather dangerous for motor-vehicles.
18 Informant knows the location of the following buildings:
(a) The Party District.. `Committee and the Communist Youth District Office,
a lar''e red brick building situated on the wester side of the street
connecting Shevchenko Street via the bridge across the ravine with
Lenin Street. The building itself is on the` southern side of the
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ravine. Informant did not remember the-name of the street.
`b) The District M.V.D. Headquarters occupies a large dark grey four-
storey building on the corner of Goncharov and Karl Marc Street.
~c) The M.V.D. Hostel is located in a four- or five-storey, large
situated on the northern side of Lenin Street, approximately 1+00
metres from Goncharov Street.- This building was erected by German
prisoners and was finished in 191+.8.
(d) The Militia District (Oblast) Headquarters occupies a large three-
storey building next to the Public Library, on the northern aide of
a street connecting the VENETs with Sovetskaya Street.
(e) No. 1 Militia Station on Lev Tolstoy Street.
No. 1+ Militia Station on Lebedev Street.
No. 5 Militia Station on Tret'yaya Ploshohaaka, west of the river
SV IYaGA.
Informant did not know the location of Nos 2 and 3 Militia Stations.
(f) The Prison,, a large white stone building on 12th September Street.
(g) The Forced Labour Camps are situated: two camps near the Avtosavod
on the Pervaya P'loshohadka and one on the Tret'yaya Ploshohadka. All
three are west of the SVIYaGA.
(h) The Town Fire Station is located on Lenin Street 200 metres from the
M.V.D., District Headquarters.
(i) The Post Office and the Telephone Ptcohane occupy amodern-looking
building on the corner of Gonoharov aril Lev Tolstoy Street.
(j) The Party Executive Committee (OBISPOLKOM) is on Lev Tolstoy Street.
(k) The Town Council GORSCV T is on Gonoharov Street.
(1) The State Bank is on Goncharov Street.
(m) The or-vehicles Driving and Mechanics School (AVTOShKOLA), located
on Lev Tolstoy Street 53, is subordinated to the State Traffic Control
Office (GC AVTOINS1KCTsIYA) which is an M.V.D. department.
(n) Military Regional Recruiting Offices VOEIiKCYAT are Leninskij
VQENKOMAT on Karl Marx Street and Stalinskij VOENKOWT in the neighbour
hood of the Party District Committee (OBKOM).
(o) The Tank Troop it Shoe are in Sovetskaya Street.
(p) The Tank School is in Goncharov Street.
/(q) The Garrison ...
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